John II of Castile

The Hundred Years War is one of the most notable conflicts of the Medieval ages. Two rival dynasties were fighting over land in a struggle that is marked by numerous battles, multiple characters, and disregarded treaty after disregarded treaty. The land in question, known as Aquitaine or Guyenne, should have belonged to England, but was being treated as a French territory causing a conflict that would span over the rule of different monarchs on both sides. The war was long enough to be divided…

The Spanish Reconquista The history of Spain is a tale of both the blending and the clashing of cultures. When Muslims, Jews, and Christians could maintain peace, Spanish culture would exceed that of all the rest of Europe. When persecution and strife broke out, wars that amounted to crusades were the result. Ultimately Spain was united as a nation under triumphant Christian monarchs whose exploits went beyond anything medieval Europeans could even imagine. The result was the foundation of…

which was among the largest in Europe, soon became a target. Over centuries, the Jewish community in Spain had flourished and grown in numbers and influence, though anti-Semitism had surfaced from time to time. During the reign of Henry III of Castile and Leon (1390–1406), Jews faced increased persecution and were pressured to convert to Christianity. The pogroms of 1391 were especially brutal, and the threat of violence hung over the Jewish community in Spain. Faced with the choice between…

Joshua Atler 9/27/14 Modern World History Honors Mr. Hardy Ferdinand II was born in 1452 as the son of John II of Aragon. In 1468, he became the king of Sicily, an island near Italy. Before he became the king of Aragon, he married Isabella I in 1469. She was the future queen of Castile, and Ferdinand was the future king of Aragon. In 1474, Isabella inherited the throne of Castile. John II died in 1479, and Ferdinand II then rose to the throne of Aragon. This personal union established by the…

well. Spain, France, and England were the boldest and had the most resources at the time. To gain the upper hand, Spain financed many voyages to find shorter trade routes to the West indies and Asia. The monarchs of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabel I of Castile, felt they could dominate trade, increase wealth, and bring unity to Spain through these trade routes. (Henretta, Edwards, & Self, 2012) Other nations followed suit but the results yielded poor profit. Many willing traders and…

these successes were paused when the Black Death swept across Europe in 1348, affecting both countries and drastically dropping populations. In 1350, Philip VI died and his place was taken by John II. However, the new king became a prisoner when the English won the Battle of Poitiers in 1356. In 1359, John signed the Treaty of London, which forced him to surrender most of western France and pay 4,000,000 gold ecus as ransom. A year later in 1360, Edward agreed to negotiate peace since he was…

Thomas’ early life. Thomas’ father was John Moore, a prominent and wealthy lawyer and judge. From a young age, Thomas was taught to speak latin, alongside the king’s english; Thomas was always a studious boy, and was often was admired by friends of his father who were witness to his studiousness. While attending St. Anthony’s School, a rather prestigious school…

How did the black death affect the peasants? - Medicine and health was a very important part of the life for people in medieval England, to stay alive from the diseases’/sickness you had to have medicine. But some people couldn’t afford it. Unfortunately the peasants were part of those people who couldn’t afford to stay alive. It was sad because for the peasants in medieval England poor health/ diseases were a part of there daily routine. Sadly even when the peasants could afford to get medicine…

sons, Diego and Ferdinand, and a woman, engraving by I. Stockdale, … Prints and Photographs Division/Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (digital file no. LC-USZ62-106029) In 1484 Columbus began seeking support for an Atlantic crossing from King John II of Portugal but was denied aid. (Some conspiracy theorists have alleged that Columbus made a secret pact with the monarch, but there is no evidence of this.) By 1486 Columbus was firmly in Spain, asking for patronage from King Ferdinand and…

penance (also known as “our vocation of reparation” for the sins of mankind as she said). On 24 August, 1562, with Pope Pius IV’s authorization, she opened the convent of Discalced Carmelite Nuns of the Primitive Rule of St. Joseph at Avila. In 1567, John Baptist Rossi, the General of the Carmelites, visited St. Teresa, directing her to found more convents and to establish monasteries. In the same year, she met a young Carmelite priest in Medina del Campo (Spain), Juan de Yepes, who she thought…