European History

narratives of the Holocaust have been formed, as well as tracing the development of literature from publications from just after the war that became the common histories of the Holocaust up to more recent publications; the second examines narrative theory via philosophy and theology, as well as debating the “uniqueness” of the Holocaust in history. The central argument Stone constructs is that the Holocaust “provides both the occasion for, and the ultimate test of, new ways of giving meaning to…

The Appalachian Trail has been a major source of curiosity for many scholars in the past, and it will continue this trajectory for years to come. Even more individuals have embraced the theme of conservation within historical writing. Each segment of scholarship that focuses on these topics does so through varying lenses, though typically social, utilizing numerous methodologies, and originates from varying backgrounds. Despite these numerous approaches to the topics of the Appalachian Trail and…

Michel-Rolph Troillot’s Silencing the Past examines the various perspectives that existed contemporaneously during the Haitian revolution in order to bring the past into the view, and convince us that the history that is presented to us in textbooks by historians and politicians as absolute, is actually a collection of particular narratives that present themselves as objective and linear while silencing other competing narratives. Troiullot brings the Haitian revolution into focus and uncovers…

Renfrew and bahn chapter one: The main focus and summary of this chapter is about the history of archaeology, as well as its present form. Archaeology has gone from discovering and finding archaeological material, to developing/applying methods to answer questions about our human past. Thomas Jefferson was the first to have a recorded excavation in 1784. By using methods such as stratigraphy and deductive reasoning, archaeologists of this time were able to touch on the deeper questions of our…

e. Macrosystem Another layer within the ecological system which includes cultural values, laws, cultural customs and resources that affect experiences and interaction of inner level of the environment is macrosystem. There are different subcultures in the United States. Urban low-income communities, rural farming communities, and suburban middle-class communities describe three different macrosystems that may differ in their subcultural beliefs about, for example, child abuse. To put it another…

Scholars sometimes struggle to assimilate history through only archeological and geological evidence. With the evolution of human history and the invention of writing, historians find a more facility in studying the civilizations that kept written records in terms of reassembling past events and having a more scrupulous understanding of early civilizations, no more based on assumptions. Written work, however, generated a new problem to historians: reliability. To know what is accurate in old…

represents history and culture in its films, most will agree that Disney’s portrayals are highly inaccurate. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is that Disney is working to better portray non-American cultures and history in their films. Whereas some are convinced that Disney has and still is inaccurately representing the history and culture of many other people such as the Chinese and Native Americans, others believe that Disney is now beginning to accurately portray Polynesian history…

Twenty-five years ago, Robert Darnton offered a highly original perspective on historical understanding in his The Great Cat Massacre: And Other Episodes in French Cultural History (1984), and the book still warrants close attention. He proposes to bring an ethnographic perspective to bear on historical research, attempting to arrive at nuanced interpretation of the mentalities and worldviews of ordinary folk in early modern France. (Significantly, Darnton collaborated with Clifford Geertz at…

The historian/critic is trapped in his own ‘historicity’. No one can rise above his own social formations, his ideological upbringing in order to understand the past on its terms. What new historicists are concerned with is the recovery of the original ideology which gave birth to the text and which the text in turn helped to disseminate throughout a culture. New historicism is a collection of practices rather than a school or a method. To further buttress this, Stephen Greenblatt who is…

American history class was reduced to a long list of facts because of the emphasizes placed on the standardized testing here in Texas. We were no longer destined to learn the story of American History the people, and events that have defined America as we know it. This paper will provide my personal philosophy of education, methods that can be used to impact a new age American history class as well as provide evidence to support the uses of my philosophy teaching methods in my American History…