Congenital

Congenital heart diseases refers to the structural (anatomical) or physiological defects in the normal functioning of the heart as a result of birth defects that may be diagnosed soon after birth or may take years to produce full blown cardiac insufficiency. Valvular heart defects form the most common variety of congenital cardiac defect that is associated with high morbidity and mortality in adult years if no management options are employed. This is because the metabolic demands of the body increase with growth and development that poses more pressure on the heart leading to cardiac failure or circulatory deficits. With overall prevalence of 26.6%, it was suggested that only 12.1% cases can be detected by clinical evaluation. Among the most…

Congenital heart disease, or CHD, is a problem with the heart's structure and function that is present at birth. Congenital heart disease can describe a number of different problems affecting the heart. It is the most common type of birth defect. CHD causes more deaths in the first year of life than any other birth defects. There are many causes of CHD including problems with genes or chromosomes in the child, taking certain medications, drugs, or alcohol during pregnancy,and a viral infection,…

Introduction Congenital Heart Disease is apart of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is very important and fragile. It constitutes many functions with in the body. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a series of cardiac defects. This disease is mostly prevalent at birth. However, it can develop at a later stage in life. It has become very significant in adulthood. There are many forms of CHD. For example, atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects. The heart is a very complex…

MEDICAL RECORD NUMBER [Number] [Name] is an almost 25-year-old girl who has a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which is definitely a very severe form. I first met her in 1995, when I was working at [Place] and doing an outreach clinic in [Place]. She was diagnosed with a disorder in the newborn period and did undergo genital surgery, with removal of her clitoris and establishment of a normal external female genitalia. She has been highly noncompliant in taking her medications and…

Non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia or NCAH is a disorder that affects both men and women from late childhood through the rest of their lives. Compared to its sister form, classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, it is non-life threatening. The Mayo Clinic, a service that gives people medical information and helps set up doctor appointments, defines NCAH as “a collection of genetic conditions that limit your adrenal glands' ability to make certain vital hormones.” These vital hormones…

Pediatric Congenital Heart Conditions There are several pediatric congenital heart conditions that can occur and it is important as practitioners that each can be recognized as not to delay treatment. This article speaks of three different types of congenital heart conditions; the presentation, exam, diagnosis, treatment, and any long term effects for the patients. Patent Ductus Arteriosus In utero the ductus arteriosus connects the aorta and pulmonary artery. It allows blood to flow from the…

While some pursue medicine for the paycheck, prestige, or simply to carry on the family business, my desire for pursuing a career in medicine has been driven by another motive entirely. The odds were one out of 15,000 and I was chosen — I was diagnosed with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) at the age of eight. CAH is a genetic disorder that affects the general health, growth, and development of the body. Not only does this condition involve the taking of daily medication for the rest of my…

Congenital abnormalities and pathologies are some of the most fascinating diagnostically. Situs inversus, a condition in which the organs of the body are flipped to face the other side, is one of the most enthralling to behold. Typically occurring genetically, it is extremely rare, occurring only in 0.01% of the population (Nall, 2014). This congenital abnormality can be demonstrated on not only diagnostic radiography, but also computed tomography and ultrasound. The prognosis for patients…

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a hereditary gene that has less than 100 known cases that occurred in the United States (Yasuhiro 2008). It comes about from a mutation in the NTRK1 gene, a gene which affects the surface nerve cells that transmit pain, temperature and touch (Congenital 2011). This means that the nerves can no longer transmit signals and the person afflicted with this disease can can no longer feel anything, such as pain, temperature, and touch. Most…

Congenital anomalies are important causes of fetal deaths; thus, it becomes mandatory to determine the incidence and prevalence of congenital abnormalities in society. The present study demonstrated the hospital admission of neonate due to congenital anomalies and mortality of neonate related to it in a tertiary care hospital of Chittagong district, Bangladesh. In the present study, congenital heart disease was commonest. 62 (59%) of congenital anomalies due to heart defect. Other CAs was 43…