Binary classification

theoretical work focuses on the theme of power and he argues the problem of how power is used within systems of social classification. In today’s society race is an important concept in the western community. Referring back to Foucault’s interpretation of power and knowledge, being a different race other than caucasian differs from the norm. His theoretical work showed how there are binaries like racialized, non- racialized, male, female, and the poor and rich. His perception shows a strong…

Sex can be defined as a biologically constructed classification defining person into male or female (Wood, 1994; Eckert & McConnell-Ginnet, 2003). In other words, male and female differences can be seen by identifying their genetic and physical characteristics, such as internal and external organs (Wood, 1994; American Psychological Association, 2011). Since it is determined by biological aspects, sex categorisation is considered fixed and called by Esplen and Jolly (2006) as ‘a destiny line’.…

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am highly grateful to the Director General,Roorkee College of Engineering, Roorkee, for providing me the opportunity to carry out my research. I would like to thank wholeheartedly Director,Roorkee College of Engineering, Roorkee for encouragement, solicited advice and all kind of help extended to me during the completion of this work. I express my deep sense of gratitude to my Research Supervisor MR. SANDEEP KUMAR SINGLA for his expert guidance, stimulating discussions as…

Hopkin explores that in passing- those who are mulatto exist on the cusp of dual belonging or dual alienation. As a result of the uncertainty of classification surrounding the biracial matter, and the frequent difficulty of ascertaining racial ancestry through exterior appearance, race becomes ambiguous. This racial fluidity, which often allows the biracial subject an opportunity to "pass" and choose…

similarly suggests that cities are isolating urban spaces in which ‘people regard each other only as useful objects; each exploits the other […] the strongest treads the weaker under foot’. (Engels, 1845, p. 57). This spatial alienation and social classification draws on Karl Marx’s concept of ‘reification’ whereby human beings lose all value except that of use and exchange in the monopolizing structure of capitalism. This is further reinforced when Engels notes that ‘the capitalists seize…

The topic of what exactly constitutes a World Religion is one mired in controversy due to the label being a typology which divides religious traditions into categories that some criticize as being non-inclusive of traditions that do not meet the established criteria--mislabeling them as something other than a religion. The World Religions category generally includes the traditions of Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism; though some like to to include Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, and…

run by Englishmen and had to encompass British ideals of justice . Thus, the strategy was to modify and adapt the ‘old’ Indian traditions and society to fit English ideas and standards . By adapting to the British logic of administrating, the classification or standardization of actions into prefixed domains arose, thus making society static. Essentially, Indians were to be ruled best by a ‘strong hand’ one that could administer justice by enforcing rules and regulations . In turn, through the…

Throughout the course of the mid-late 1800’s, cases of both gynocentrism and androcentrism were evident within commonly accepted scientific “fact”. In his analytical paper Women’s Brains, Stephen J. Gould notes the particular biases among multiple leading scientists of the time in relation to the misconceptions about female intelligence. “In the most intelligent races, as among the Parisians, there are a large number of women whose brains are closer in size to those of gorillas than to the most…

In Junot Diaz’s The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao we get a greater glimpse into the politics of phenotypes and authenticity in Dominican culture. More specifically in its relationship to blackness. In Irene Lopez, a Puerto Rican clinical psychologist’s essay, Puerto Rican Phenotype: Understanding Its Historical Underpinnings and Psychological Associations, she posits that, “Puerto Ricans who consider being “Indian” more beautiful, or more authentic, than being Black and, thus, often prefer to…

consider dropout with the probability based on the elements as 6.Applying Dropout to Training Data In the Guassian noise could perform as the trace norm, the external noise may affect the solution. Therefore, we consider dropout as where is a binary value random variable and Note that when we perform dropout to the training data according to this strategy, we actually drop the rows and the corresponding columns in the first component (x t i −x t j )(x t i − x t j ) > of At. Since the…