Agar plate

earliest known eruption was in 6190 BCE. The second known eruption was in 5150 BCE. These eruptions are known because of radiocarbon found in the area. The date of when this volcano was formed is not certain like most volcanos this one was formed on plate boundaries. Mount Etna is called a Stratovolcano. A Stratovolcano is made from layers of ash and lava. Another name for this volcano is a composite volcano. Etna is cone-shaped, like most composite volcanoes are. Mount Etna is made from…

their present positions. Although others brought fourth evidence, plate tectonics processes and continental drift was not of interest until the late 1950s, when scientists discovered the alignment of magnetic particles and traced them to the earth's magnetic field of that time. According to studies of paleomagnestism, once the paleomagnetic polar changes were plotted, it brought up conspiracy that all continents had shifted…

Geodetic-leveling data indicate that a large patch of the interpolate decollement (the main fault between the North American Plate and the subduction oceanic plate) off southern Oregon is locked. This and other evidence has led to proposals that an earthquake with a magnitude as large as 9 could someday devastate the…

The map is almost uncannily similar to today's: a spray of black dots showing the recorded sightings of a foul grey haze spreading across Europe, from Helsinki to Naples, from Heligoland to Mallorca, and reaching eventually to Aleppo and Damascus – and all of it caused by clouds of ash from an immense volcano erupting far across the sea in Iceland. But this was a map made from data collected in 1783. The volcano was called Laki, it erupted for eight dismal months without cease, ruined crops,…

The Earth's crust is constantly moving in all directions. The movement of the crust is called plate tectonics. Plate tectonics hasn't been developed very long, only about fifty years. It was founded by geophysicists in the 1960's. The continents fit together in one humongous piece. Which makes it one enormous continent. Wegener found out that there were numerous continents that looked comparable. He thought once in the past that parts of Africa and South America might have been…

Petrography of host rocks The Venarch manganese deposit is accommodated by volcanic and plutonic rocks. The volcanic strata mainly consist of basalt, trachybasalt, andesite, and basaltic andesite which are intruded by monzonite, monzodiorite, granodiorite, and syenite. The plutonic rocks are mostly granular in texture; however other textures such as graphic and poikilitic textures are present. The dominant minerals are plagioclase phenocrysts, quartz, K-feldspar, and hornblende and accessory…

In 1912, German meteorologist Alfred Wegener proposed the theory that all the continents were once all one continent and then later drifted apart and separated leading to the seven continents we have today. He thought that 200 million years ago there was one large continent that he called Pangea, which means “All-Earth.” During the Jurassic period the continents were believed to break up into two smaller continents which were called Gondwanaland and Laurasia. The continents were breaking into…

The concluding part of the Cleveland Way leaves the hustle and bustle of Scarborough behind and returns us to the more enjoyable cliff paths. The coastal scenery is stunning, and with just over 500 feet (152m) of ascent remaining we can appreciate the closing miles and reflect on some of the more memorable experiences of our journey. Resuming from the harbour, we continue along the seafront around the South Bay to the Spa Complex. In 1626 Elizabeth Farrer, the wife of one of Scarborough’s…

The topic of this discussion is to explain why Africa and South America are moving apart. The drifting apart of Africa and South America has to do with the theory known as the theory of plate tectonics. Based on this model, the crust the coolest part of the mantle, make up Earth’s strong outer layer, known as the lithosphere. Right beneath the lithosphere is the asthenosphere, the hottest part of the mantle. Rocks at this depth are very near the melting temperature, and respond to forces by…

Definition Lahars also called mudflows contain fusion of water and consolidated particles of gravel, ice, wood, and other fragments that flow from volcanoes are distinct, prompt, and gravity-induced outflows of drenched, high-consolidation mixtures.(Vallance, 2000) Types Primary lahars These are generated amidst outbursts by numerous eruption-related activities. Such lahars wiped out almost 37,451 people all over the world between AD 1600 and 2010. The Nevado del Ruiz disaster in 1985 caused…