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79 Cards in this Set
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When was the first Barbaric invasion of Rome and why did the invaders enter? |
In 180 A.D. the Scots forced the Picts down south over Hadrian's wall, which was the first the first successful breach of Rome's borders. |
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In the early 200's, who arrived in eastern Briton? |
The Jutes |
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What does WASP stand for? |
White Anglo-Saxon Protestant |
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Who launched the first major invasion into Transalpine Gaul? |
The Franks |
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Who is regarded as the founder of France, and what tribe did he belong to? |
Charlemagne, he was a Frank. |
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Who were the first Barbarians to physically be in the city of Rome? |
The Visigoths |
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Who won a great battle in 313 A.D. at Milvian Bridge? |
Constantine |
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What were the seven causes of Rome's decline? |
Barbaric invasions, institution of slavery, culture shock, economic collapse, social decay, military breakdown, and Christianity. |
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What is a commodity and what was the commodity of Rome? |
It is something that is used to generate profit, slaves and their work were the commodity in Rome. |
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How did the institution of slavery, the culture shock, and the economic collapse contribute to the decline of Rome? |
The slaves had no incentive to work hard, so it required more and more of them, Rome needed more troops to be able to impose their culture on other people, and finally there was a lot of money spent on people who didn't produce anything, all of this led to inflation, which lead to Rome becoming bankrupt. |
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What is the barter system? |
The exchange of goods or services |
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What did pater familias lead to, and why was this bad for Rome? |
Inconsistent values, there weren't positive values in Rome. |
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Was truth relative or absolute in Rome, and what determined truth? |
Truth was relative because power determined truth. |
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How were the military breakdown and social decay related? |
Soldiers became undisciplined and soft, mentally and physically. |
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What did the Nazarenes believe about Jesus? |
That Jesus was divine, born of a virgin, and that He was the creator of earth and therefore He had power over nature. |
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Why were the Nazarenes dismayed by Jesus's death and then amazed by God's resurrection and ascension? |
They believed that Jesus was divine, so they doubted everything when He was just killed. When He rose from the dead and then ascended to heaven, all doubt was removed about whether or not He was the son of God. |
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When Caesar ruled, what three things did Jesus offer, and why were these things so special in Rome? |
He offered eternal peace, when Rome ruled by the sword, He offered unconditional love when Rome was full of violence and evil people, and he offered eternal life, which scared Rome because their final source of power over people was death, but because of what Christ offered, Christians didn't fear death. |
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Why did Christ come to Rome at this time? |
Nothing about Roman living was obedient to God's commands, it was completely evil, so they needed a Savior.
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What were the five reasons that Christianity spread in Rome? |
Pentecost, which showed miracles and works by faith, occurred. The procurators took blood money to keep people safe, including Christians. Citizenship brought absolute freedom for conscience, meaning that Christians could travel and share their views safely. Martyrs showed their faith and courage in death, the fact that they didn't fight back had a profound impact. The laws of Rome became bureaucratic, meaning they were enforced less. |
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What is vertical federalism? |
The separation of power by territory |
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What four things did Rome have that helped Christianity spread? |
Political stability, relative tolerance, roads and shipping lanes, and a language of the educated, in which scribes wrote down events. |
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Where did missionaries quickly spread the gospel through fellowships? |
Asia Minor |
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Why did Jews reject the missionaries? |
They didn't believe that the Messiah had come to earth yet. |
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Why was John on Patmos, and what happened there? |
John was exiled to Patmos because he was spreading Christianity. On Patmos Jesus gave John his revelation, which became the book of Revelations. |
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What seven churches does Jesus mention to John on Patmos and why does he mention these? |
Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea, Jesus told John about these churches to let him know that he had something against five of the churches because they went their own way. Smyrna and Philadelphia were the only two he had no problem with because they were strong churches. |
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In 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18, what does Paul write about in a letter to Thessalonika? |
The death and meeting of Jesus for believers, how they wouldn't proceed the dead into heaven, and how Christians shouldn't groan because God will wake their sleeping bodies. |
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What is koimeo? |
Sleeping and getting back up |
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What is a koimeterion, and how do we get the word cemetery from it? |
An inn where someone slept and rested from a journey, we get cemetery from it because God will wake up our bodies from the graves. |
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How did Paul's letter to Thessalonika about death impact Rome? |
Christians weren't afraid to be martyred anymore because they then knew that death was not the end, but just the beginning of eternity with God. |
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What is the basic chronology of the decline of Rome? |
In 185 the Picts crossed Hadrian's wall, which was the first successful breach of the Roman border. In 217, Elagabalus lessened the amount of precious metal in coins. In 274 the Ostrogoths crossed the Danube through Dachea. In 284-306 Diocletian divided Rome into the east and west zones. In 306-337 Constantine legalized Christianity because supposedly God helped him win the amazing Battle of Milvian Bridge, and 313 Edict of Milano. |
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What happened at Milvian Bridge? |
The Visigoths met Constantine there in battle after coming from Sardinia and Corsica to Natuno Harbor. They outnumbered the Romans greatly, but Constantine claimed that he saw a blinding light, and a cross with an inscription that said,"By this sign you will conquer". The Romans defeated the Visigoths, Constantine gave God the glory for the win, and he had a conversion. |
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What are the two views on Diocletian regarding Christianity? |
That he either exploited the religion to get more power, or he was truly a man of God. |
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What side affects did the legalization of Christianity by Constantine have? |
There were no more martyrs, which lead to weaker relationships with God, and Christianity became a religion, not a faith. |
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What did Theodosis outlawing Pagan religions lead to? |
A universal church was formed |
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What city became the new, political capital of Rome under Constantine, and what was its name changed to? |
Byzantium became the capital of Rome and was changed to Constantinople |
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What important date did Constantine determine, and what did he build at what two important locations he also determined? |
He determined the 25th day of December as Nativity, he built the Church of Nativity where he determined Christ was born, and he built the Church of the Holy Sepulcher where he determined Jesus was crucified. |
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How was Constantine like Paul? |
They both had conversions from evil leaders to people who spread the gospel greatly. |
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What did Christianity become after it was legalized? |
It became the state religion, and a government department of state |
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What did a bishop do? |
They administered religious instruction for the government, they were the religious authority |
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What was heresy and what was the punishment for it? |
It was a criminal offence of treason against God. The punishment was burning |
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What did Rome say about salvation? |
That it was sacramental, meaning that you had to do a sacrament administered by a bishop to be saved |
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What was a sacrament and how many of them were there? |
A sacrament was a religious work or action that you had to do to be saved, there were seven sacraments. |
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What was the order of ranks in the Roman Catholic church? |
Bishops were over priests, archbishops were over them, cardinals (collegia, Bishops of Rome) were over them, and the Pope (Holy Father) was over them. |
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Who had almost as much power as the emperor? |
The Pope |
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What did Augustine write, and what was in these? |
He wrote Confessions, which was a confession of his sins before conversion, and The City of God, which spoke about how forcing faith upon people is contrary to the City of God. |
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What was the state of Rome during 395-455? |
It was declining at an accelerated rate |
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What happened to the church under Theodocius? |
It became the state church |
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What damaged the faith as it became the state religion? |
People started changing things in their lives to just look like Christians |
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What does collegia refer to? |
The top ranking officials in Rome |
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How did Catholicus become the religion of Rome? |
There was nothing to challenge it |
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Why did the governmental influence on Christian teachings damage things?
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The officials didn't necessarily know the Bible |
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The same year the church and state collided, who invaded with around how many men, and where did they settle? |
The Huns invaded with probably 1 million people, they settled in the Ukraine area. |
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When did Alaric invade the city of Rome, and who tried to keep him out? |
In 410 he invaded, private armies tried to keep him out |
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What did Alaric's invasion show? |
That Rome was getting physically taken away |
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What year was the end of the Roman Empire and who was the last hereditary Roman Emperor? |
455 A.D., Valentinian III |
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What is a document? |
Something written that expresses ownership |
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What was the Donation of Constantine? |
A forged will (document) that said that Constantine gave the Roman Empire to the Bishops of Rome |
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What did the bishops teach about Jesus relating to Peter, and what did that mean for the Holy Fathers? |
They said that Jesus told Peter while on earth,"You are my heir" so that means that the Holy Fathers are heirs of God through Peter |
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What doctrine said that Peter was Jesus's heir, and Peter died in Rome so his heirship was passed onto bishops there? |
The Doctrine of Petrine Supremacy |
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What is the actual title of the Pope? |
Successor of Peter, Vicar of Christ |
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What does it mean if the Donation of Constantine is legitimate? |
If it is legit, as long as the church exists, then Roman authority exists |
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Why couldn't the Donation of Constantine be legitimate? |
The bishops weren't around when Constantine was the emperor |
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How did Valentinian react to the Donation of Constantine being presented? |
He accepted it and resigned |
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What did the administration of Rome become after Valentinian stepped down? |
The Roman church hierarchy |
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What is the City-State of Rome referred to as, and why is it called this? |
It's called the Papal States, it refers to the Roman church authority |
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When was the Kingdom of Italy proclaimed, and did the Kingdom of Italy not have? |
It was proclaimed in 1871 and it didn't have the city of Rome |
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In 1929 who signed the Lateran Treaty, and what were the agreements in it? |
Mussolini and the head of the Papal States, the agreements were that Rome became the capitol of Italy, but Fortezza Vaticana became an independent nation |
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How did the Roman military aid to the decline of Rome? |
The more slaves and land they captured, the bigger the army they needed, which costed a lot of money |
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In 45-49 A.D., where did Paul travel and what happened during this time? |
He traveled to Cyprus, Galatia, and Iconium, Timothy joined him, and Sergius Paullus was made the first Gentile believer |
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In 50-52 A.D., where did Paul travel and what happened during this time? |
In Asia Minor he traveled to Alexandria, Troas, and Assos, Silas, Luke and Timothy joined him for a trip to Macedonia, he also went to Philippi, Thessalonika, Corinth, and he unsuccessfully tried to set up a church in Athens. |
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In 53-58 A.D., where did Paul travel and what happened during this time? |
Back in Asia Minor he traveled to Ephesus, Chios, Samos, and Miletos, and then back to Jerusalem. |
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In 61 A.D., where did Paul travel and what happened during this time? |
He went to Puteoli while on his way to Rome, there he was martyred, a church, called the Church of Saint Paul Within the Walls was formed. |
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What caused many of the fellowships and churches that Paul set up during his missions, and why are these churches important? |
Many of these were set up by a special event that occurred, like the Church of Saint Paul Within the Walls |
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What years did Justinian and Theodora rule? |
527-565 A.D. |
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As Christianity spread in Rome, what did the bishops become? |
They became the government |
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What happened involving Justinian and the sports clubs? |
Some of the sports clubs, who were designated by color, wouldn't do their civil duty to guard the walls because Justinian was married to Theodora, a high class working woman and an accused prostitute. He was able to convince most of the clubs to guard it, but two remained, one day he invited these two clubs to a meeting and slaughtered all of them. |
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What had Justinian done within 11 years of crushing the resisting sports clubs? |
He defeated all of the major barbaric groups in Rome. |
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What happened in 560 A.D.? |
Justinian went to the city of Rome, he offered the bishops there all of his religious authority in exchange for their ability power to make, interpret, and enforce laws. The deal was that they would be the religion of Rome, and he would be the government and protect them. The bishops said no, so he completely withdrew all of his troops and removed all of their protection. |
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What inscription did Justinian get on his |
"God's work was |
