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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is intellectualism, and what are the two things required for it? |
The desire and pursuit for knowledge, and prior knowledge and language skills |
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What were the two basic beliefs during the Renaissance, and what were they? |
Nominalism was the philosophy of the absolute belief in what the church taught, and realism was the philosophy that that truth can only be established by the senses |
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What was scholasticism and where was it introduced? |
The academic reconciliation of Nominalism and Realism, in Sic Et Non |
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What happened with Peter Abelard? |
As an extremely intelligent theology student, he refuted some Nominalist teachings, was kicked out of his college, when he was a priest he met a girl he liked, he got her pregnant, she joined a convent to not ruin his career, the girl's uncle found her, and had Peter Abelard castrated. He wrote Sic Et No, which rejected some of the Nominalist views that weren't in the Bible. He died before he could defend himself as a heretic |
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What is the most important tool for the spread of intellectualism? |
The use of the vernacular |
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What is Chaucer credited with being? |
The father of English |
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What happened with Dante Alighieri? |
He was born in Firenze (Florence), the government thought themselves a republic but were a merchant oligarchy, they made laws to help themselves flourish, Dante believed that the Roman Catholic Church shouldn't interfere with government, so he did two sit-ins and got kicked out of Firenze. His father then disowned him, he went to Ravenna, started tutoring, and then writing. |
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What were Dante's three goals with his writings? |
1. To promote his political views about church and state separation 2. To promote the vernacular language in which he wrote 3. He wanted to write one great work that contained all medieval knowledge |
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What is an oligarchy? |
A specific group of people who rule and pretend to be something they aren't |
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What happened with Dante and Beatrice? |
Dante saw Beatrice at a market and instantly fell in love with her, she was a kind, graceful, upper class married woman, because she was married, he never spoke to her. She died two years later, so he always had the memory of her as young and vibrant, he wrote her into some of his future works. |
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What were Dante's most famous works? |
"Convivio" told stories of people during the twelve days of Christmas at a manor, this showed the usability of the language and the interactions of all different types of people. "La Vita Nuova" showed the love of God, "De Vulgari Eloquentia" and "De Monarchia" both told about why the church shouldn't interfere with secular activities, and "La Comedia Devina" was the total sum of all medieval knowledge |
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What happened in the dream that inspired Dante to write "La Comedia Devina", and what two important things did he do in the book? |
He was completely lost in a forest, with every step the trees and where he was at became unfamiliar, at one point he sat down and admitted that he was lost, at this point he saw Virgil in the distance, he called out to him, and when they got closer, he said that it was impossible for them to be there, so Virgil said that they were both dead, and Virgil said that he was his guide, so he took him through the rings of hell, purgatory, where he called people righteous pagans, and then Virgil told him to go to heaven, where he was greeted by Beatrice, Dante wrote about Jews in Heaven, and reversed church theology |
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What did the use of Scholasticism bring, and also what is the philosophy of modern Western Civilization? |
The rise of Humanism |
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What is Humanism? |
The glorification of man |
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What was the focus of the Renaissance on? |
Humanistic elements |
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How and why did the Medici brothers, Lorenzo and Giuliano, gain favor among the people of Florence with their bank? |
They were extremely kind to the people of Florence, they demanded money and forced it from people outside of Florence, so that they could extend debts and help pay for things people needed, in order to get the love and loyalty from all of Florence, which brought much business and made their bank the largest of all in Florence. |
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What is a vendetta? |
The justified killing of an enemy to the family |
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Why did the Pazzi Conspiracy occur?
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The Pazzi family realized that the central power of Florence was the Medici family, so, as a rival bank, they had to stain the Medici brothers' reputations, so that they could then kill them with no problem or suspicion. |
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How did the Pazzi Conspiracy occur? |
Rumors of incest were spread to ruin their reputation, and at Santa Maria del Fiore on April 26th, with 7 assassins in the cathedral and using Cardinal Riario as bait to get the Medici brothers there. Giuliano was sick and remained home, but Lorenzo was there. A priest and a step-brother of the Medici's went to go get Giuliano. Another priest did not follow the plan and attacked Lorenzo too early, he was injured but Lorenzo killed the priest. Upon seeing this, in the doorway of the chapel Giuliano was stabbed over 30 times. Later Lorenzo called for revenge, and in the following months over 400 "conspirators" were killed. |
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What is a tyrant? |
A person who comes to power unjustly |
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Because Lorenzo was a tyrant, what three things did Lorenzo's plan of justification do?
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1. He eliminated hunger through his reign of breadlines 2. His program of entertainment brought things like the game Calcio and the Circus 3. The patronage of the arts (he funded the Academia) |
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What 5 offers were made to the best artists from the Academia scouts, and what was given in return? |
1. A good salary 2. A home close to the Academia 3. A country estate 4. A staff 5. A studio 5 years of service were given in return |
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What does a Pieta show? |
The Virgin Mother and Christ dead |
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What academy (not the Academia) did Michelangelo fund, and what was it? |
The Platonic Academy, a massive inn for the best thinkers, writers, and philosophers, it contained the Laurentian Library |
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What happened with/to Bartolomeo? |
When he moved to Florence, his mother and sister were killed, and he was hated as a Jew. He made a friend group with Michelangelo, Lodovici, and Andrea. One day they were laughing and someone made a joke about the pope, people laughed, but Bartolomeo started laughing later and harder than everyone else. Someone said,"What are you laughing at Jew boy?" He said he laughed at the pope, and called the people of Florence the farts of Satan, they freaked out, so one of his friends mistakenly told the guards that Bartolomeo was the Jewish vandal, even though he couldn't possibly be. In his anger he admitted to this, so the guards tortured him, at the Bargello, into admitting to 4 acts of vandalism. He was taken to the places, his hands and then eyes were gonna be cut out, but the crowd tore him apart in anger. |
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What were the after-affects of the death of Bartolomeo? |
Lorenzo's credibility was questioned, so he banned and put a hit on an antisemitic, Bernardino, who incited the crowd against Bartolomeo |
