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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is homeostasis |
The maintenance of a constant internal environment |
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What is excretion |
The process in which the body gets rid of waste products of metabolism |
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In relation to the kidneys what is secretion |
Occurs when substances such as ammonia and hydrogen ions are forced out of the blood into the nephrons |
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In relation to the kidneys what is osmoregulation |
The control of water and salt content to ensure blood plasma has the same concentration as body cells |
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In relation to the kidneys what is filtration and where does it occur |
The extraction of wastes and toxins and it occurs in the glomerulus of the cortex |
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In relation to the kidneys what is reabsorption and where does it occur |
Involves the soaking back of useful substances in the proximal tubule of the medulla |
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How does the glomerulus structure help urine formation (3 points) |
-the pressure here is greater than normal blood pressure -there is a large surface area of capillaries -they have porous one cell thick walls |
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Draw a labelled diagram of a nephron |
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5 functions of the kidney |
Filtration Reabsorption Secretion Osmoregulation To maintain blood pH @ 7.4 by producing urine that's more or less acidic |
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What are ectotherms |
Animals that change temperature by moving to areas where the temperature is more suitable e.g. frogs |
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What are endotherms |
Animals that change temperature internally using their own body heat by respiration e.g. humans |
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Name 3 organs of excretion and what they excrete |
Lungs excrete water and CO2 Skin exretes sweat Kidneys excrete urine |
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Draw the structure of the skin |
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4 points on how humans respond to cold conditions |
-Vasoconstriction- blood vessels contract to keep in heat -Piloerection- body hairs stand up to trap air and keep in heat -Brain increases rate of metabolism -Shivering to generate heat |
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3 points on humans response to warm conditions |
-vasodilation- blood vessels dilate to let out heat -perspiration- sweat evaporates from the body -hairs lie flat so heat isn't trapped |
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What controls gaseous exchange in plants and animals |
CO2 levels |
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Where and by what process do plants rid themselves of waste products |
Through lenticels and stomata by diffusion |
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What is the structural and functional unit of kidneys |
Nephrons |
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Where are kidneys found |
In the abdominal cavity |
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What kind of gland is the kidney |
Exocrine (it has ducts) |
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Draw and label a kidney |
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Draw and label the excretory system |
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P |
Enis |
