Rapid Fire Facts

Front 1

Most common cause of neural tube defects

Back 1

Folate deficiency

Front 2

Most common preventable cause of congenital malformations in the US

Back 2

Alcohol use during pregnancy

Front 3

Zellweger syndrome

Back 3

Autosomal recessive disorder of peroxisome biogenesis due to mutated PEX gene. Hypotonia, seizures, hepatomegaly, early death

Front 4

Refsum disease

Back 4

Autosomal recessive disorder of alpha-oxidation->phytanic acid not metabolised to pristanic acid. Scaly skin, ataxia, cataracts, shortening of 4th toe

Front 5

Adrenoleukodystrophy

Back 5

X- linked recessive disorder of Beta-oxidation->VLCFA build in adrenal glands, white matter in brain,testes. Progressive disease that can lead to adrenal gland crisis, coma, and death

Front 6

Acute Inflammation mediators

Back 6

IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha

Front 7

Inflammasome

Back 7

Cytoplasmic protein complex that recognizes products of dead cells, microbial products and crystals ( eg uric acid) -> activation of IL-1 and inflammatory response

Front 8

Hyperflexible joints, arachnodactyly, aortic dissection, lens dislocation

Back 8

Marfan sydrome

Front 9

Hereditary nephritis, cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss

Back 9

Alport Syndrome

Front 10

Worst headache of my life

Back 10

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 11

Lucid interval following head trauma

Back 11

Epidural hematoma

Front 12

Bloody CSF on LP

Back 12

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 13

Most common cause of epidural hematoma

Back 13

Rupture of the MMA

Front 14

Most common cause of subdural hematoma

Back 14

Rupture of bridging veins

Front 15

Most common cause of dementia

Back 15

Alzheimer

Front 16

Second most common cause of dementia

Back 16

Vascular dementia

Front 17

Extracellular amyloid deposits in the grey matter

Back 17

Senile plaques ( Alzheimer)

Front 18

Intracellular deposits of hyperphosphorylated tau protein

Back 18

Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer)

Front 19

Intracellular spherical aggregates of tau protein seen on silver stain

Back 19

Pick bodies (Frontotemporal Disease)

Front 20

Bone enlargement, bone pain, arthritis

Back 20

Paget disease of bone

Front 21

Vertebral compression fractures

Back 21

Osteoporosis

Front 22

Positive anterior drawer sign

Back 22

ACL injury

Front 23

Tenderness in anatomical snuffbox

Back 23

Scaphoid fracture

Front 24

Swollen, red, acutely painful great toe joint

Back 24

Gout

Front 25

Positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals

Back 25

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease

Front 26

Negatively birefringent needle-shaped crystals

Back 26

Gout

Front 27

Bamboo spine on x-ray

Back 27

Ankylosing spondylitis

Front 28

HLA-B27

Back 28

Seronegative spondyloarthritis

Front 29

Pencil in cup deformity on DIP in X-ray

Back 29

Psoriatic arthritis

Front 30

Main artery of pelvis

Back 30

Internal iliac artery

Front 31

Main nerve of the pelvis

Back 31

Pudendal nerve

Front 32

"Bag of worms" scrotum

Back 32

Varicocele

Front 33

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

Back 33

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 34

Most common malignant skin tumor

Back 34

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 35

Bounding pulses, head bobbing, diastolic murmur

Back 35

Aortic regurgitation

Front 36

Continuous, machine like murmur

Back 36

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Front 37

Anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA antibodies

Back 37

SLE

Front 38

Anti-histone antibodies

Back 38

SLE

Front 39

Anti-centromere antibodies

Back 39

CREST scleroderma

Front 40

Anti-toipomerase antibodies

Back 40

Diffuse scleroderma

Front 41

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies

Back 41

Polymyositis/ Dermatomyositis

Front 42

Anti-Ro antibodies

Back 42

Sjogren syndrome

Front 43

Arthritis, dry mouth, dry eyes

Back 43

Sjogren syndrome

Front 44

Most common cause of death in SLE

Back 44

Cardiovascular disease

Front 45

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

Back 45

Squamous cell carcinoma (Skin)

Front 46

Most common malignant skin tumor

Back 46

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 47

Main artery of the pelvis

Back 47

Internal iliac artery

Front 48

Main nerve of the pelvis

Back 48

Pudendal nerve

Front 49

Bag of worms scrotum

Back 49

Varicocele

Front 50

Most common cancer in men

Back 50

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Front 51

Most common cause of urinary obstruction

Back 51

BPH

Front 52

Most common treatment of ED

Back 52

PDE-5 Inhibitors (Sildenafil)

Front 53

Hepatic adenoma

Back 53

OCP use