Omis 350 Test 1 Vocabulary

Front 1

People who actually produce the products or services of the organization

Back 1

production or service workers

Front 2

Data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings

Back 2

Information

Front 3

Detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate the work of computer hardware components in an information system.

Back 3

Computer Software

Front 4

A stable, formal, social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs

Back 4

Organization (technical)

Front 5

investments in organization and management such as new business processes, management behavior, organizational culture, or training.

Back 5

organizational and management capital

Front 6

Specialized tasks performed in a business organization, including manufacturing and production, sales, and marketing, finance and accounting, and human resources.

Back 6

Business Functions

Front 7

interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization.

Back 7

Information Systems

Front 8

people in the middle of the organizational hierarchy who are responsible for carrying out the plans and goals of senior management

Back 8

middle management

Front 9

the distribution of processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities fro which it will be used.

Back 9

output

Front 10

the set of fundamental assumptions about what products the organization should produce, how and where it should produce them, and for whom they should be produced.

Back 10

culture

Front 11

an internal network based on internet and world wide web technology and standards

Back 11

intranet

Front 12

the unique ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service.

Back 12

Business process

Front 13

An abstraction of what an enterprise is and how the enterprise delivers a product or services, showing how the enterprise creates wealth.

Back 13

Business Model

Front 14

A collection of rights, privelages, obligations, and responsibilities that are delicately balanced over a period of time through conflict and conflict resolution

Back 14

Organiztion (behavioral)

Front 15

people such as secretaries or bookkeepers who process the organization's paperwork.

Back 15

data workers

Front 16

knowledge about information technology, focusing on understanding of how computer-based technologies work.

Back 16

Computer Literacy

Front 17

Physical devices and software that link various pieces of hardware and transfer date from one physical location to another

Back 17

Networking and Telecommunications Technology

Front 18

people occupying the top most hierarchy in an organization who are responsible for mkaing long-range decisions.

Back 18

senior management

Front 19

computer hardware, software, data, storage technology, and networks providing a portfolio and shared IT resources for the organization.

Back 19

Information technology infrastructure

Front 20

the conversion, manipulation, and analysis of raw input into a form that is more meaningful to humans

Back 20

procesing

Front 21

a system with universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a networked environment.

Back 21

world wide web

Front 22

seeing systems as composed of both technical and social elements

Back 22

sociotechnical view

Front 23

private intranet that is accessible to authorized outsiders

Back 23

extranet

Front 24

ppl such as engineers or architects who design products or services and create knowledge for the organization

Back 24

knowledge workers

Front 25

the capture or collection of raw data from within the organization or from its external environment for processing in an information system.

Back 25

input

Front 26

the linking of two or more computers to share data or resources, such as printer

Back 26

network

Front 27

The study of information systems focusing on their use in business and management. and specific category of information system providing reports on organizational performance to help middle management monitor and control the business.

Back 27

Management information system

Front 28

physical device that takes data as an input, transforms the data by executing stored instructions, and outputs information to a number of devices

Back 28

Computer

Front 29

broad-based understanding of information systems that includes behavioral knowledge about organizations and individuals using information systems as well as technical knowledge about computers.

Back 29

Information systems literacy

Front 30

information systems that rely on computer hardware or software for processing and disseminating information

Back 30

Computer-based information systems

Front 31

Additional assets required to derive value from a primary investment

Back 31

Complementary assets

Front 32

all the hardware and software technologies a firm needs to achieve its business objectives.

Back 32

information technology

Front 33

people who monitor the day-to-day activities of the organization.

Back 33

operational management

Front 34

output that is returned to the appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct input.

Back 34

feedback

Front 35

organization where nearly all significant business processes and relatinoships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled, and key corporate assets are managed through digital means

Back 35

digital firms

Front 36

streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use.

Back 36

data

Front 37

global network of networks using universal standards to connect millions of different networks

Back 37

internet

Front 38

physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in an information system.

Back 38

computer hardware

Front 39

Software governing the organization of data on physical storage media

Back 39

data management technology

Front 40

A formal organization whose aim is to produce products or provide services for a profit.

Back 40

business

Front 41

Applications and technologies to help users make better business decisions.

Back 41

Business Intelligence

Front 42

The unique ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service.

Back 42

Busiiness processes

Front 43

Senior manager in charge of the information systems function in the firm.

Back 43

chief information officer (CIO)

Front 44

Responsible for the firm's knowledge management program.

Back 44

chief knowledge officer (CKO)

Front 45

Responsible for ensuring the company complies with existing data privacy laws.

Back 45

chief privacy officer (CPO)

Front 46

Heads a formal security function for the organization and is responsible for enforcing the firm's security policy.

Back 46

chief security officer (CSO)

Front 47

Working with others to achieve shared and explicit goals

Back 47

collaborations

Front 48

Information systems that track all the ways in which a company interacts with its customers and analyze these interactions to optimize revenue, profitability, customer satisfaction, and customer retention.

Back 48

customer relationship management (CRM) systems

Front 49

People such as secretaries or bookkeepers who process the organization's paperwork.

Back 49

data workers

Front 50

Information systems at the organization's management level that combine data and sophisticated analytical models or the data analysis tools to support semiconstructed and unstructured decision making.

Back 50

decision-support systems (DSS)

Front 51

Displays all of a firm's key performance indicators as graphs and charts on a single screen to provide a one-page overview of all the critical measurements necessary to make key executive decisions.

Back 51

digital dashboard

Front 52

The use of the Internet and digital technology to execute all the business processes in the enterprise. Includes e-commerce as well as processes for the internal management of the firm and for the coordination with suppliers and other business partners.

Back 52

electronic business (e-business)

Front 53

The process of buying and selling goods and services electronically involving transactions using the Internet, networks, and other digital technologies.

Back 53

electronic commerce (e-commerce)

Front 54

Use of the internet and related technologies to digitally enable government and public sector agencies' relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government.

Back 54

e-government

Front 55

Representatives of departments outside the information systems group for whom applications are developed.

Back 55

end users

Front 56

Systems (sys) that can coordinate activities, decisions, and knowledge across many different functions, levels, and business units in a firm. Include enterprise sys, supply chain mgmt sys, customer relationship mgmt sys, and knowledge mgmt sys.

Back 56

enterprise applications

Front 57

Integrated enterprise-wide information systems that coordinate key internal processes of the firm. Also known as enterprise resource planning. (ERP).

Back 57

enterprise systems

Front 58

Information systems at the organization's strategic level designed to address unstructured decision making through advanced graphics and communications.

Back 58

executive support systems (ESS)

Front 59

The formal organizational unit that is responsible for the information systems function in the organization.

Back 59

information systems department

Front 60

Leaders of the various specialists in the information systems department.

Back 60

information systems managers

Front 61

Information systems that automate the flow of information across organizational boundaries and link a company to its customers, distributors, or suppliers.

Back 61

interorganizational system

Front 62

Systems that support the creation, capture, storage, and dissemination of firm expertise and knowledge.

Back 62

knowledge management systems (KMS)

Front 63

People such as engineers or architects who design products for services and create knowledge for the organization.

Back 63

knowledge workers

Front 64

The study of information systems focusing on their use in business and management.

Back 64

management information systems (MIS)

Front 65

People in the middle of the organizational hierarchy who are responsible for carrying out the plans and goals of senior management.

Back 65

middle management

Front 66

People who monitor the day-to-day activities of the organization.

Back 66

operational management

Front 67

Web interface for presenting integrated personalized content from a variety of sources. Also refers to a Web site service that provides an intial point of entry to the Web.

Back 67

portal

Front 68

People who actually produce the products or services of the organization.

Back 68

production or service workers

Front 69

Highly trained technical specialists who write computer software instructions.

Back 69

programmers

Front 70

People occupying the topmost hierarchy in an organization who are responsible for making long-range decisions.

Back 70

senior management

Front 71

Information systems that automate the flow of information between a firm and its suppliers in order to optimize the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products and services.

Back 71

supply chain management systems (SCM)

Front 72

Specialists who translate business problems and requirements into information requirements and systems, acting as liaison between the information systems department and the rest of the organization.

Back 72

systems analysts

Front 73

formal groups whose members collaborate to achieve specific goals.

Back 73

teams

Front 74

a technology that allows a person to give the appearance of being present at a location other than his or her true physical location.

Back 74

telepresence

Front 75

Computerized systems that perform and record the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct the businesss; they serve the organization's operational level.

Back 75

transaction processing systems (TPS)

Front 76

computer-based simulated environment intended for its users to inhibit and interact via graphical representations called avatars

Back 76

Virtual Worlds

Front 77

Economic theory stating that firms grow larger because they can conduct marketplace transaction internally more cheaply than they can with external firms in the marketplace.

Back 77

Transaction cost theory

Front 78

The use of digital technologies, such as credit cards, smart cards, and Internet-based payment systems, to pay for products and services electronically.

Back 78

Electronic payment system

Front 79

Technologies with a disruptive impact on idustries and businesses, rendering existing products, services and business models obsolete

Back 79

Disruptive techonologies

Front 80

Competitive stategy for creating brand loyalty by developing new and unique products and services that are not easily duplicated by competitors.

Back 80

Product Differentiation

Front 81

Model used to describe the interaction of external influences, specifically threats and ability to compete.

Back 81

Competitve forces model

Front 82

Activity at which a firm excels as a world-class leader.

Back 82

Core compentency

Front 83

Activities that make the delivery of a firm's primary activities possible. Consist of the organization's infrastucture, human resources, technology, and procurement.

Back 83

Support activities

Front 84

Precise rules, procedures and practices that have been developed to cope with expected situations.

Back 84

Routines

Front 85

The expense a customer or company incurs in lost time and expenditure of resources when changing from one supplier or system to a competing supplier or system.

Back 85

Switching Cost

Front 86

Model of strategic systems at the industry level based on the concept of a network where adding another participant entail zero marginal cost but can create much larger marginal gains.

Back 86

Network economics

Front 87

Model that highlights the primary support activities that add a margin of value to a firm's products or services where information systems can best be applied to achieve a competitive advantage.

Back 87

Value Chain model

Front 88

System that directly links customer behavior back to distribution, production, and supply chains

Back 88

Efficient customer response system

Front 89

Economic theory that views the firm as a nexus of contract among self-interested individuls who must be supervised and managed

Back 89

Agency Theory

Front 90

Setting strict standards for products, services, or activities and measuring organizational performance against those standards

Back 90

Benchmarking

Front 91

The most successful slutions or problem-solving methods that have been developed by a specific organization or industry

Back 91

Best Practices

Front 92

organization using networks to link people, assets and ideas to create and distribute products and services without being limited to traditional organizational boundaries or physical location.

Back 92

Virtual COmpany

Front 93

Loosely coupled but interdependent networks of suppliers, distributors, outsourcing firms, transportation service firms and technology manufacturers

Back 93

Business ecosystem

Front 94

Activities most directly related to the production and distribution of a firm's products or sevices.

Back 94

Primary Activites

Front 95

The capacity to offer individually tailored products or services using mass production resources.

Back 95

Mass customization

Front 96

Customer-driven network of indepent firms who use information technology to coordinated their value chains to collectively produce a product or service for a market.

Back 96

Value Web

Front 97

A movement from one level of socio technical system to another. Often required when adopting strategic systems that demand changes in the social and technical elements of an organization

Back 97

Strategic transitions