Nat 5 Biology - Unit 3 Life On Earth - Adaptation, Natural Selection And The Evolution Of Species

Front 1

What is the only way for a new species to evolve or to have new alleles in a species?

Back 1

By mutations occurring

Front 2

What is a mutation?

Back 2

A mutation is a random change to an organism's genetic material.

Front 3

Mutations can occur during fetal development or naturally through mitosis, however, they can also be caused by external environmental conditions. What is the term given to these conditions?

Back 3

Mutagenic Agents

Front 4

Name 2 mutagenic agents.

Back 4

Chemical (Mustard gas) OR Radiation (X-rays, UV rays) OR Extreme temperatures

Front 5

Having haemophilia would be considered what type of mutation?

Back 5

Disadvantageous

Front 6

If someone was to have 6 fingers or 6 toes, what type of mutation would they have?

Back 6

Neutral

Front 7

Define adaptation

Back 7

An adaptation is an inheritedcharacteristic that makes an organismwell suited to survival in itsenvironment/niche.

Front 8

Describe natural selection

Back 8

Organisms producing more offspring than able to sustain, therefore only the best adapted will survive to adulthood and reproduce. - "Survival of the fittest"

Front 9

Define speciation

Back 9

Speciation is the formation of a new species by the process of natural selection after a population becomes isolated.

Front 10

Describe stage 1 of speciation

Back 10

An isolation barrier forms to prevent the exchange of genetic material.

Front 11

List the 3 types of isolation barriers.

Back 11

Reproductive, Geographical and Ecological.

Front 12

Give 1 example of each type of isolation barrier.

Back 12

Reproductive (unattractive mating displays, Mating times, gametes unable to fuse)

Ecological (Temperature, soil pH, humidity)

Geographical (Mountains, Rivers, Oceans, deserts)

Front 13

Describe stage 2 of speciation.

Back 13

Mutations occur spontaneously

Front 14

Describe stage 3 of speciation.

Back 14

The best suited organisms will survive and reproduce (Natural selection "survival of the species"

Front 15

Describe stage 4 of speciation.

Back 15

After many generations, new species evolved and if isolation barrier removed then new species will have evolved.