Nat 5 Biology - Unit 2 Multicellular Organisms - The Need For Transport (In Animals)

Front 1

What is transported in blood?

Back 1

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and nutrients

Front 2

What protein is important in red blood cells for the carrying of oxygen?

Back 2

Haemoglobin

Front 3

What are 3 features of red blood cells?

Back 3

Has no nucleus, has a biconcave shape and has haemoglobin.

Front 4

When haemoglobin combines with oxygen, what is made?

Back 4

Oxyhaemoglobin

Front 5

What vessels transport blood to the heart?

Back 5

Veins

Front 6

What vessels transport blood away from the heart?

Back 6

Arteries

Front 7

What vessels are involved in gas exchange?

Back 7

Capillaries

Front 8

Describe the direction of blood flow through the heart. (vessels and chambers)

Back 8

Vena cava > Right atrium > Right ventricle > Pulmonary Artery > (Lungs) > Pulmonary Vein > Left atrium > Left ventricle > Aorta

Front 9

Which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood?

Back 9

Right

Front 10

Which side of the heart carries oxygenated blood?

Back 10

Left

Front 11

What is the function of valves?

Back 11

To prevent the backflow of blood

Front 12

Which blood vessel contains valves?

Back 12

Veins

Front 13

What is the feature of capillaries which makes them efficient in their function?

Back 13

They are one cell thick

Front 14

What is the features of the trachea?

Back 14

Contain rings of cartilage, have cilia and mucus

Front 15

What is the purpose of the rings of cartilage in the trachea?

Back 15

To help keep the airways open

Front 16

Describe how the mucus and cilia work together

Back 16

The mucus traps the dirt/dust/microbes and the cilia beat the mucus upward towards the throat to be swallowed.

Front 17

What is the name given to the tiny air sacs in the lungs?

Back 17

Alveoli (Pleural) or alveolus (singular)

Front 18

List 3 features of alveoli

Back 18

They have a moist lining, they are one cell thick and they are surrounded by lots of capillaries.

Front 19

What is the purpose of digestion?

Back 19

To break down large insoluble food molecules into smaller soluble food molecules to allow absorption into the bloodstream through the small intestine wall.

Front 20

How does food molecules move through the digestive system?

Back 20

By the process of peristalsis.

Front 21

How does peristalsis work?

Back 21

Peristalsisis a wave-like motion which occurs when the circular musclesin front of the food relax and at the same time circular muscles behind thefood contract pushing the food along.

Front 22

Why is the small intestine efficient at its function?

Back 22

It has a large surface area

Front 23

What gives the small intestine its large surface area?

Back 23

It is covered in lots of Villi (finger-like projections)

Front 24

Name this structure

Back 24

Vilus (singular) or Villi (plural)

Front 25

What are features of the Villi?

Back 25

They are one cell thick, they have a good blood supply and have a large surface area.

Front 26

In a vilus, what is the purpose of the lacteal?

Back 26

To absorb fatty acids and glycerol.

Front 27

In a vilus, what is the purpose of the blood capilaries?

Back 27

To absorb glucose and amino acids.