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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Borrowed View |
Scenery or elements beyond actual design that become an important part of the composition. The background is brought into the garden as part of the composition despite its location far beyond the project site. |
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Carpet Bedding |
The practice of forming beds of low-growing foliage plants, all of an even height, in patterns that resemble a carpet both in the intricacy of their design and in the uniformity of the surface. (can be focal point) |
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Meadow |
A richly grassed area for mowing or pasture. Can be composed of open and undulating grasses, wildflowers, or wild prairie plants. Functions as transitional floor between garden and countryside, setting for specimen trees, creates impression of spaciousness. |
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Parterre |
"on or along the ground" A flat terrace, usually adjacent to or near a building, in which foliage patterns are created from plants, flowers, or gravel. Emphasizes the ground plane or serve as a picture for viewing from above. Italy: boxwood France: yews |
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Tapis Vert |
"green cloth" A swath of lawn, usually rectilinear in shape. Used to strengthen a visual axis or focus attention on an object. |
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Terrace |
A raised level of earth, sometimes retained by stone or concrete, with a surface of stone, brick, turf, pea gravel, ground cover, or combination. Extends geometric structure of building, connects building to the site, establishes the unity of building and garden. |
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Grove (Bosco) |
A grouping of trees either planted or occuring naturally, usually the same plant species, can be regular or irregular in form. Forms an enclosure or connection between earth and sky. |
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Pergola |
"arbor," "bower," or "close wall of boughs" Open structure consisting of uprights and connecting joints or arches intended to support climbing plants, creating a foliage covered walkway. |
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Espalier |
from spalle "to lean on" A line of trees whose branches are pruned and trained into formal patterns against a wall, fence, or support structure in order to make the most of sunshine and space. Usually fruit trees (wall protection, takes up less space, encourage heavy fruiting, winter aesthetic) |
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Palisade |
A row of closely planted trees or shrubs clipped into a green wall. Creates outdoor architectural features. Also, provide shelter from cold winds in winter and shady retreat in summer. Cypress, Boxwood, Juniper |
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Allée |
A walk bordered by trees or clipped hedges in a garden, park, or street. Spacing, scale, and choice of plant material all control experience. Length best balanced by scale and width of mature trees or chosen shrubs. |
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Herbaceous Border |
A planting bed, usually linear in form, made up of layers of plant materials that one walks beside. Shapes space, defines an edge, provides direction, or links 2+ spaces |
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Pleached Walkway |
A row of closely planted trees trained to form a continuous narrow wall or hedge. Effect accomplished by interlacing the branches and keeping sides slightly pruned. Can be used srchitecturally for circulation, as boundry to define garden room, or as transitional device between garden areas. Cool place for strolling in summer and refuge from winds in winter. |
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Eyecatcher |
A feature placed on a distant, prominent point integral to over-all design of the landscape. (most commonly 18th cent. English gardens) Gives direction and focus to a garden and is sometimes place of destination. Can be constructed of vegetation or architectural materials. |
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Maze |
An intricate, usually confusing network of walled or hedged pathways. Deliberate design containing twists and turns. |
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Rill |
A small channel through which water flows to a garden. Evolved from simple irrigation ditches. Often associated with dry climates and corresponding need for irrigation. Acknowledges respect for water as sacred element in garden. Serves as an axis or a line in the landscape that extends the geometry of the house into the garden and the garden into the landscape. |
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Specimen Plant |
An individual tree or shrub that is significant enough in its form, color, or size to stand alone as a design device - to emphasize a point of transition, or as a focal point. Interesting enough to attract attention, almost sculptural. Dominates the space, draws attention to place it's located. |
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Topiary |
The art of clipping, trimming, and training trees or shrubs into specific shapes. Can form architecturally clipped hedges that define an edge or playful living sculptures that decorate and amuse. Yew, juniper, ivy, holly, laurel |
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Arbor |
Evolved from the bower or tree limbs that intertwined overhead. A garden structure of open lattice work or rustic work created to support climbing plants. Shady place to rest, protection from elements. Announces an entrance and indicates a transition to another space |
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Bosquet |
A formal grove of trees planted in a geometrical arrangement. Often all trees of same plant species. Forms a canopy of shade with its own microclimate and ecosystem. Regularity of the grid and lack of understory makes a strong design statement. |
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Grotto |
A cavelike chanber, often decorated with minerals, shells, or pebbles. Contemporary: usually subterranian location creates a cool place to sit or shelter from wind. |
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Loggia |
A roofed porch or gallery with an open collenade on one or more sides. Provides shade in the summer and allows cool breezes to flow through the structure. Also designed to capture the lower-angled rays of the winter sun, heating space in warmer climates. |
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Gazon Coupé |
Turf which shaes have been cut out of and filled with colored earth, sand, or gravel Early 17th Cent. Opposite partierre |
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Mount |
Mound of earth, often turfed To see over hedges, small walls to outside world Built primarily Medeival time period |
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Knot Garden |
Compartmentalized garden where low grown shrubs, herbs, or boxwood were planted in intricate designs resembling rope and filled in with colored gravel Late 1500s |
