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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Urinary system organs |
• kidneys Major excretory organs • urinary bladder Temporary storage reservoir for urine • ureters Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder • urethra Transports urine out of the body |
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Kidney functions: renin |
Regulation of blood pressure and kidney function |
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Kidney functions: erythropoietin |
Regulation of RBC production |
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Nephron |
Form urine • two parts: glomerulus & renal tubule |
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Glomerulus |
A tuft of capillaries |
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Renal tubule |
Begins as cup-shaped glomerular (bowmans) capsule surrounding the glomerulus |
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Nephrons: renal corpuscle |
Glomerulus and its glomerular capsule |
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Generated (porous) glomerular endothelium |
Allows filtrate to pass from plasma into the glomerular capsule |
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Renal tubule: PCT |
- proximal convoluted tubule - reabsorption more than secretion |
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Renal tubule: loop of Henle |
Ascending limb: Thick, simple squamous epithelium, freely permeable to water Descending limb: thin, cuboidal to columnar cells |
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Renal tubule: PCT |
-proximal convoluted tubule -secretion more than reabsorption |
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NFP: chief pressure |
Glomerular hydrostatic pressure |
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Tubular reabsorption |
Cytosol of tubule cells |
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Sodium reabsorption |
Primary active transport out of the tubule cell in basolateral membrane
Secondary active transport passes through the luminal membrane (or facilitated diffusion) |
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Low hydrostatic pressure and high osmotic pressure in the peritubular capillaries promotes: |
Bulk flow of water and solutes including Na+ |
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Reabsorption of nutrients; water; and ions: Water is reabsorbed by |
Osmosis (obligatory water reabsorption) aided by water-filled pores called Aquaporins |
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Reabsorption of nutrients; water; and ions: Water is reabsorbed by |
Osmosis (obligatory water reabsorption) aided by water-filled pores called Aquaporins |
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Descending limb |
H2O |
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Ascending limb |
Na+, K+, and Cl- |
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DCT and collecting duct |
Reabsorption is hormonally regulated • water (ADH) • Na+ (aldosterone and ANP) |
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Aldosterone |
Promotes synthesis of Na+ and K+ channels |
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ADH triggers |
Reabsorption of H2O in the collecting ducts |
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Diuretics |
Chemicals that enhance the urinary output •ADH inhibitors such as alcohol • substances that inhibit Na+ reabsorption and H2O reabsorption such as caffeine and drugs
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