In order to answer the question, one must first understand what urinary tract infections (UTIs) are and some possible causes. First, simply stated, a UTI is an infection of either the kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. Second, most UTIs are caused by an infection by bacteria, primarily in women and usually in the bladder or urethra. The most common type of UTI is caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The main reason women are more likely to suffer from urinary tract infections is that women have a shorter urethra, compared to a man, which decreases the distance that bacteria must travel to reach the bladder. Furthermore, the female urethra is often straighter than the males which also decreases the path for bacteria to the bladder.
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Filtration (glomerular filtration) in the kidney is the mass movement of water and solutes from plasma to the renal tubule. Filtration takes place in the renal corpuscle specifically with the glomerular capillaries and glomerular capsule. Filtration produces filtrate which is blood minus the cells and proteins. In general, only about 20% of the plasma volume that passes through the glomerulus is filtered. The filtrate then continues through the nephron where it can be reabsorbed or secreted and eventually becoming removed as urine in micturition. Overall, about 180 liters of fluid is filtered by the kidneys every day.
Absorption in the kidney is the reclamation of goods such as water and small molecules (glucose, AAs, water, salt) from the filtrate into the blood in the peritubular capillary. Most absorption occurs in the Proximal convoluted tubule, but it can be fine-tuned in the Distal convoluted tubule. One important hormone is Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which helps with the reabsorption of water with aquaporins in the collecting duct. There are many routes that can be used for reabsorption such as the transcellular route, the paracellular route, Primary & secondary active transport, and passive transport. Approximately 65% of the filtrate volume is reabsorbed Overall, the goal of absorption is the reclaiming of desired
Filtration (glomerular filtration) in the kidney is the mass movement of water and solutes from plasma to the renal tubule. Filtration takes place in the renal corpuscle specifically with the glomerular capillaries and glomerular capsule. Filtration produces filtrate which is blood minus the cells and proteins. In general, only about 20% of the plasma volume that passes through the glomerulus is filtered. The filtrate then continues through the nephron where it can be reabsorbed or secreted and eventually becoming removed as urine in micturition. Overall, about 180 liters of fluid is filtered by the kidneys every day.
Absorption in the kidney is the reclamation of goods such as water and small molecules (glucose, AAs, water, salt) from the filtrate into the blood in the peritubular capillary. Most absorption occurs in the Proximal convoluted tubule, but it can be fine-tuned in the Distal convoluted tubule. One important hormone is Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which helps with the reabsorption of water with aquaporins in the collecting duct. There are many routes that can be used for reabsorption such as the transcellular route, the paracellular route, Primary & secondary active transport, and passive transport. Approximately 65% of the filtrate volume is reabsorbed Overall, the goal of absorption is the reclaiming of desired