The renal artery supplies blood to the kidney. The human kidneys receive approximately 25% of the blood pumped. Blood enters the capillaries of the nephron through the afferent arteriole.
It then flows through the glomerulus and into the efferent arteriole. The varying sizes of these arterioles help to create the hydrostatic pressure and to maintain consistency of glomerular capillary pressure and renal blood flow within the glomerulus
Before returning to the renal vein, blood from the efferent arteriole enters the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta and flows slowly through the cortex and medulla of the kidney close to the tubules.
peritubular capillaries - surround the proximal and distal convoluted tubules
- providing for the immediate reabsorption of essential substances from the fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule and final adjustment of the urinary composition in the distal …show more content…
-the major exchanges of water and salts take place between the blood and the medullary interstitium. - maintains the osmotic gradient in the medulla, which is necessary for renal concentration.
Average body size of 1.73 m2
-the total renal blood flow is 1200 mL/min
-total renal plasma flow ranges 600 to 700 mL/min
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
Glomerulus- consists of a coil of approximately eight capillary lobes (capillary tuft) -located within Bowman’s capsule - serves as a nonselective filter of plasma substances (MW less than 70,000)
Several factors influence the actual filtration process
1. cellular structure of the capillary walls and Bowman’s capsule
- three cellular layers: *the capillary wall membrane (fenestrated.)
- pores increase capillary permeability but do not allow the passage of large molecules and blood cells
*the basement membrane *the visceral epithelium of Bowman’s
It then flows through the glomerulus and into the efferent arteriole. The varying sizes of these arterioles help to create the hydrostatic pressure and to maintain consistency of glomerular capillary pressure and renal blood flow within the glomerulus
Before returning to the renal vein, blood from the efferent arteriole enters the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta and flows slowly through the cortex and medulla of the kidney close to the tubules.
peritubular capillaries - surround the proximal and distal convoluted tubules
- providing for the immediate reabsorption of essential substances from the fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule and final adjustment of the urinary composition in the distal …show more content…
-the major exchanges of water and salts take place between the blood and the medullary interstitium. - maintains the osmotic gradient in the medulla, which is necessary for renal concentration.
Average body size of 1.73 m2
-the total renal blood flow is 1200 mL/min
-total renal plasma flow ranges 600 to 700 mL/min
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
Glomerulus- consists of a coil of approximately eight capillary lobes (capillary tuft) -located within Bowman’s capsule - serves as a nonselective filter of plasma substances (MW less than 70,000)
Several factors influence the actual filtration process
1. cellular structure of the capillary walls and Bowman’s capsule
- three cellular layers: *the capillary wall membrane (fenestrated.)
- pores increase capillary permeability but do not allow the passage of large molecules and blood cells
*the basement membrane *the visceral epithelium of Bowman’s