Chpt 14 Test

Front 1

Global warming is the result of anthropogenic interference, which is:

Back 1

human

Front 2

About _________of the world’s population lives in cities.

Back 2

50%

Front 3

The nutrition transition refers to:

Back 3

shifts to higher-fat, higher-carbohydrate diets.

Front 4

After the 1960s, children in rural Oaxaca developed shorter, rounder heads and narrower faces. This is likely related to:

Back 4

softer, more processed corn and other foods.

Front 5

Some technology has negatively influenced the world, including:

Back 5

the burning of fossil fuels.

Front 6

Barry Popkin found that owing to_________ and _________, obesity levels in many parts of the developing world now match that of the United States.

Back 6

dietary change; reduced physical activity

Front 7

Exposure to microbes early in life can _________ the immune system.

Back 7

stimulate

Front 8

Where industrialization is occurring_________ , while where there is no industrialization, _________.

Back 8

infections and allergies are on the rise; infections and allergies are less developed

Front 9

Hip fractures in older adults are:

Back 9

more common in modern societies than in previous ones.

Front 10

The health effects of industrialization include:

Back 10

an increase in environmental pollutants.

Front 11

The increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and sea due to human activity is referred to as:

Back 11

global warming.

Front 12

Population increase creates many new hosts for infectious diseases, and _________ translates to _________.

Back 12

more hosts; more organisms

Front 13

Abundant evidence indicates:

Back 13

that humans continue to evolve.

Front 14

Researchers have discovered a genetic _________likely related to increased resistance to smallpox and plague in Europe about 5,000 years ago that reduces susceptibility to_________.

Back 14

mutation; HIV infection

Front 15

A publication in the year 2020 reports on the results of autopsies of elderly people in three cultures. Of individuals in the study, 90% showed signs of osteoporotic fractures and osteoporosis. The researchers suggest that in these cultures:

Back 15

longevity of individuals is increasing.

Front 16

Stable isotopic analysis of oxygen from ice cores dating to the Holocene indicates that:

Back 16

the last 50 yBP were the warmest period in the last 9,000 yBP.

Front 17

Approximately _________ of urban populations reside in slums without access to basic sanitation.

Back 17

25%

Front 18

The incidence of diabetes has increased in adults by _________ in the last decade.

Back 18

90%

Front 19

Human life expectancy in the United States has:

Back 19

increased since 1900, due largely to improvements in medicine and in sanitation.

Front 20

The H2 haplotype on chromosome 17 occurs in about 21% of European women. Natural selection is strongly implicated because:

Back 20

H2 women have 3.5% more children than do non-H2 women.

Front 21

All adults experience age-related bone loss after about age:

Back 21

40

Front 22

Both genetic mutation and selection have recently been linked to the development of pale skin in:

Back 22

relatively recent European farming populations.

Front 23

Luca Cavalli-Sforza hypothesizes that skin color change came late because:

Back 23

earlier populations had ready access to vitamin D from the foods they ate.