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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What shape are Neisseria?
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Small kidney-bean diplococci - looks like a small donut
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What are the important virulence factors of the meningococcus?
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Polysaccharide capsule, endotoxin (LPS), IgA1 protease
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What are the high risk groups for Neisseria meningitides infection?
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- Infants aged 6 months to 2 years
- army recruits / dorm students |
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What are the manifestations of meningococcal disease? What is the classic 'clue' to an invasive meningococcal infection?
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- Meningococcemia: spiking fevers, arthralgia, and muscle pains
- fulminant meningococcemia (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) septic shock - meningitis |
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What is the classic medium for culturing Neisseria?
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Thayer-Martin VCN media
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Prompt treatment with what is required at the first indication of disseminated meningococcemia?
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Penicillin G or ceftriaxone
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What are the two most common sexually transmitted diseases?
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chlamydia,gonorrhea
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Describe gonococcal disease in women?
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Urethritis - often asymptomatic, with minimal discharge. Infection of the cervix, which becomes reddened with a purulent exudate. Can progress to PID.
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What are the complications of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
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Sterility, ectopic pregnancy, abscesses, peritonitis, peri-hepatitis (infection of the capsule that surrounds the liver).
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What are the manifestations of gonococcal bacteremia?
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Fever, joint pains, skin lesions. More rare - pericarditis, endocarditis, and meningitis.
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What is the most common kind of septic arthritis in young, sexually active individuals?
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Gonococcal arthritis
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What is ophthalmia neonatorum and how is it treated?
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Transmission of N. gonorrhoeae to a neonate during delivery, resulting in an eye infection. Treat with erythromycin (which also covers Chlamydia)
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If a patient is diagnosed with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, what is the treatment standard and why?
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Ceftriaxonde (3rd gen cephalosporin), which will also treat syphilis. At the same time, treat with doxycycline or azithromycin for Chlamydia trachomatic (a beta-lactam resistant bug that concurrently infects 50% of gonorrhea patients)
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Branhamella catarrhalis causes disease of which organ tract?
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Respiratory tract, otitis media, sinusisits, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
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