Chapter 22 Emergency Medical Care For Fire Department First Responders

Front 1

Initial medical evaluation/treatment provided to employees and others who become ill or are injured

Back 1

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

Front 2

Training emergency services personnel to function in more than one capacity. Occurs most often when personnel are trained as firefighters and EMT's or paramedics

Back 2

Cross-Training

Front 3

Professional level provider of basic life support emergency medical care. Requires certification by some authority

Back 3

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

Front 4

Professional level of certification for emergency medical personnel who are trained in advanced life support procedures

Back 4

Paramedic

Front 5

Information of a patient that includes personal data (name, birth date, social security number, address) medical history, and condition

Back 5

Protected Medical Information (PMI)

Front 6

Disease that is transmissible from one person to another

Back 6

Communicable Disease

Front 7

The practice of taking proactive, protective measures to isolate body substances in order to prevent the spread of infectious disease

Back 7

Body Substance Isolation (BSI)

Front 8

Process or procedure by which a subject (animal, person, or plant) is rendered immune or resistant to a specific disease

Back 8

Immunization

This term is often used interchangeably with vaccination or inoculation, although the act of inoculation does not always result in immunity

Front 9

Organisms that cause infection such as viruses and bacteria

Back 9

Pathogens

Front 10

A passage for carrying air from the nose or mouth to the lungs

Back 10

Airway

Front 11

Rhythmic throbbing caused by expansion and contraction of arterial walls as blood passes through them

Back 11

Pulse

Front 12

Sudden cessation of heartbeat

Back 12

Cardiac Arrest

Front 13

Term that refers to the lack of signs of life, where there is no pulse and no blood pressure; occurs immediately after the onset of cardiac arrest

Back 13

Clinical Death

Front 14

Condition present when irreversible brain damage has occurred, usually 4-10 minutes after cardiac arrest

Back 14

Biological Death

Front 15

The delivery of a measured dose of electrical current by a special machine in order to regain normal function of the heart

Back 15

Defibrillation

Front 16

Cardiac defibrillator designed for layperson use that analyzes the cardiac rhythm and determines if defibrillation is warranted

Back 16

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

Front 17

Application of rescue breathing and external cardiac compression used on patients in cardiac arrest to provide adequate circulation and oxygen to support life

Back 17

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Front 18

The act of forcefully compressing the heart in a rhythmic manner in order to circulate blood throughout the body

Back 18

Chest Compression

Front 19

A sign of death in a deceased individual in which the muscles cause the body to be stiff and difficult to move. Begins within a few hours of death and recedes within a few days

Back 19

Rigor Mortis

Front 20

A colored area of the corpse that is noticeably contrasted from the rest of the body caused by the pooling of blood

Back 20

Line of Lividity

Front 21

Blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart

Back 21

Artery

Front 22

Any blood vessel that carries blood from the tissues to the heart

Back 22

Vein

Front 23

Tiny blood vessels in the body's tissues in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place

Back 23

Capillaries

Front 24

Clean or sterile covering applied directly to a wound; used to stop bleeding and prevent contamination of the wound

Back 24

Dressing

Front 25

Failure of the circulatory system to produce sufficient blood to all parts of the body; results in depression of bodily functions, and eventually death if not controlled

Back 25

Shock

Front 26

Shock caused by loss of blood

Back 26

Hypovolemic Shock

Front 27

Shock caused by poor cardiac output

Back 27

Cardiogenic Shock

Front 28

Shock caused by the overexpansion of blood vessels due to damage to the brain, spinal cord, or other nerves

Back 28

Neurogenic Shock

Front 29

Shock caused by a sever allergic reaction

Back 29

Anaphylactic Shock

Front 30

Shock caused by a severe infection in the body

Back 30

Septic Shock

Front 31

Ambulance service is provided as a function of the fire department. In some instances, the ambulance service is provided by the fire department but staffing is provided by EMT's and paramedics who do not have firefighting responsibilities

Back 31

Fire-based EMS

Front 32

Ambulance service is provided by an organization that is separate from the fire and police services and has its own administration and personnel

Back 32

Third-service EMS

Front 33

Ambulance service is contracted to a hospital by the local government

Back 33

Hospital-based EMS

Front 34

Patient confidentiality is safeguarded under what law

Back 34

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)

Front 35

When was HIPPA established

Back 35

1996

Front 36

Typically caused by consuming food or water that has been contaminated, particularly by fecal matter. Can be transmitted by close contact with infected individuals. Generally a short term disease.

Back 36

Hepatitis A

The least serious form of viral hepatitis

Front 37

Typically transmitted through blood and other body fluids. Can either be short term or long term and can potentially cause serious scarring and injury to the liver. Can eventually progress to liver failure. A serious and potentially life long infection

Back 37

Hepatitis B

Front 38

Typically transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. Infected individuals can often go years without exhibiting symptoms. Can be long term or permanent. Can cause liver failure

Back 38

Hepatitis C

Front 39

Uncommon rare strain and only occurs in individuals who are also infected by Hepatitis B. Makes the effects of Hepatitis B much worse

Back 39

Hepatitis D

Front 40

Bacterial infection that primarily affects the respiratory system. Contagious and is spread through droplets in the air produced by the breathing and coughing of an infected person.

Back 40

Tuberculosis

Front 41

In patients that are unresponsive and not breathing, or breathing with irregular gasping breaths what assessment sequence should be used

Back 41

Circulation, Airway, then Breathing

(CAB)

Front 42

In patients where a pulse is present what assessment sequence should be used

Back 42

Airway, Breathing, then Circulation

(ABC)

Front 43

In patients where no pulse is found what assessment sequence should be used

Back 43

Circulation, Airway, then Breathing

(CAB)

Front 44

Carotid- throat

Brachial- armpit

Radial- wrist

Femoral- groin

Dorsal Pedis- feet

Back 44

Pulse Points

Front 45

Fire-based

Third-service

Hospital-based

Back 45

The three ways that ambulance services are provided

Front 46

Name

Birth date

Social security number

Address

Medical history

Medical condition

Back 46

Information considered protected medical information

Front 47

Hepatitis B

Measles, mumps, and rubella

Varicella

Tetanus/diptheria

Influenza

Back 47

Immunizations required or recommended for first responders

Front 48

Hand washing

Proper use of PPE

Proper disposal and/or cleaning of soiled items

Back 48

Procedures included in body substance isolation

Front 49

The patient begins to move and/or regains consciousness

The patient has a pulse

You are unable to continue due to exhaustion

You hand over care to a rescuer with higher training

You are instructed to stop CPR by a medical control physician

Back 49

Conditions that call for CPR to be ceased after initiated

Front 50

Bleeding from openings in the body such as the mouth, nose, or rectum

Bloody stool or urine

Vomiting of a substance that looks like coffee grounds

Back 50

Symptoms of internal bleeding