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488 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What stakeholders should be included when prioritizing requirements?
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Project Manager
Implementation SME(s) Doman SME(s) |
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Describe 3 different types of prototypes and their advantage?
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Throwaway - Inexpensive way to generate more reqs. on processes, data and business rules.
Vertical - Can demonstrate what is feasible with existing technology and where there may be technology gaps Evolutionary/Functional - Vehicle for designers/developers to learn about user interface needs and system requirements |
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What is the Solution Scope?
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It is what defines the set of capabilities that a solution must deliver in order to meet the business need.
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What are the three elements to Manage Requirements Traceability?
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Recording dependencies and relationships (necessity, effort, cover, subset, value)
Performing impact analysis Using a Configuration Management System |
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Approved requirements must support?
Solution Scope Stakeholder Needs Solution Approach or Business Objectives |
Solution Scope
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What are the two elements to Communicating Requirements?
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General Communication
Making Presentations |
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During requirements elicitation where are risks, issues, assumptions, and constraints identified?
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Supporting materials
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What are the two elements to Validate Solution?
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Investigate Defective Solution Outputs
Assess Defects and Issues |
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What 12 attributes are recorded as part of the problem record?
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PARDDONS-RICO
Priority Action Needed to Resolve Raised by Description Date Identified Owner Need by Date Status Responsible for Action Impact Completed Date of Action Outcome |
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What are the three ways that BABOK recommends resolving conflicts about requirements?
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Formal meetings between stakeholders
Research 3rd Party Arbitration |
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Define Vision versus Mission?
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Vision is the future identity of an organization. The Mission is why that future identity may be achieved.
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What are the five improvements a BA can look for when Specifying and Modeling Requirements to improve business operations?
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Automate/Simplify processes
Improve Access to Inform. Reduce Complexity of Interfaces Increase Consistency of Behavior Eliminate Redundancy |
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What are the three types of process modeling?
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--Flowcharts
--BPMN --Activity Diagrams (in UML) |
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What are the key features of a User Story?
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--Role - who the user is
-Goal - What the user wants to accomplish -Motivation - Why user wishes to accomplish goal |
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What are the 8 characteristics of requirements quality?
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Consistent
Cohesive Complete Correct Modifiable Unambigious Feasible Testable |
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What are the 8 types of Estimation Techniques?
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-Analogous ("top-down") - use similar projects
-Parametric -Bottom-up -Rolling Wave -3-point estimates: worst, best, most-likely -Historic Analysis -Expert Judgement |
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What is the 1 input to Define Assumptions and Constraints?
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Stakeholder Concerns - from Elicitation
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What 2 technique(s) are used to Define Assumptions and Constraints?
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-Problem Tracking
-Risk Analysis |
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What are the six tasks of Requirements Analysis?
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-Prioritze Reqs.
-Organize Reqs. -Specify and Model Reqs. -Define Assumptions and Constraints -Verify Reqs. -Validate Reqs. |
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What are the categories of Non-Functional Requirements?
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-Performance Efficiency
--Reliability -Maintainability -Compatibility -Operability -Security -Transferability |
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What are the five main parts of an Activity Diagram?
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-Activities/Steps (rounded rect.)
-Control Flows (line and arrow) -Forks and Branches (Parallel Line) -Decision Points (diamond) -Guard Conditions (True/False) |
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What are the 4 elements to Management Solution Scope and Requirements?
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-Managing the Solution Scope
-Addressing conflicts and issues -Presenting requirements for review -Obtaining approval for the reqs. |
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Define Project Scope
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A project scope defines the work needed to deliver a product, service or results with specified features and functions.
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Define Product Scope
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The features and functions characterizing the product, service or result.
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Define Solution Scope
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The set of capabilities a solution must deliver in order to meet the business need.
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What are the 3 inputs to Organizing Requirements?
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-Requirements (Stated)
-Solution Scope -OPA |
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What are the 5 techniques used in Requirements Priorization (RA)?
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-Voting
-Timeboxing/Budgeting -MoSCoW -Risk Analysis -Decision Analysis |
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What are the 5 techniques used to Validate Requirements (RA)?
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-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Metrics and KPI -Prototyping -Risk Analysis -Structured Walkthrough |
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What are the (2) inputs to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
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-State Requirements
-Requirements Structure (output from Organize Requirements in RA) |
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What are the 5 elements to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
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-Text
-Matrix (i.e. table) -Models -Capture Requirement Attributes -Improvement Opportunities |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
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-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
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-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
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Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
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Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What is a structural rule?
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A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
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What is a structural rule?
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A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
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-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
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-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
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Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
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-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
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-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
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-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
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-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
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Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the 6 elements of a Use Case?
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Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What is a structural rule?
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A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
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-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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|
What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
|
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What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
|
|
What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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|
What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
|
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
|
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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|
What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
|
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What are the 16 techniques used to Specify and Model Requirements (RA)?
|
-Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Definition
-Business Rules Analysis -Data Dictionary/Glossary -Data Flow Diagrams -Data Modeling -Functional Decomposition -Interface Analysis -Metrics & KPI -Non-Functional Requirements Analysis -OM -PM -Prototyping -Scenarios and Use Cases -Sequence Diagrams -State Diagrams -User Stories |
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What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
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|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
|
|
What are the elements of a Use Case?
|
Name
Actors Preconditions Flow of Events Post Conditions Relationships - Extends = alternative paths;Include=Shared Functionality |
|
|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
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What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What is a structural rule?
|
A business rule that is intended to help determine when something is or is not true or when things fall into a category. "An order must have one and only one associated payment method."
|
|
|
What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
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What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What are the 6 outputs of Requirements Analysis?
|
-Prioritized Requirements
-Requirements Structure -Stakeholder and Solution Requirements -Assumptions and Constraints -Verified Requirements -Validated Requirements |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
|
|
What are the 5 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Business Case -Requirements -Stakeholder List -RMP |
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What are the 5 techniques used in Prioritizing Requirements?
|
-Decision Analysis
-Risk Analysis -MoSCoW -Timeboxing/Budgeting -Voting |
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What are the 2 inputs to Specify and Model Requirements?
|
-Requirements Stated
-Requirements Structure |
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What types of models help to depict scope?
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-DFD's (Lvl 0 = Context Diagram)
-PM -Use Cases |
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Ground rules must be established for event-based elicitation activities. What are the 6 event-based elicitation activities?
|
-Brainstorming
-Focus Group -Interviewing -Observation -Prototyping -Requirements Workshop |
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What are the 3 inputs to Prepare for Elicitation?
|
-Business Need
-Solution Scope & Business Case -Stakeholder List |
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What are the 6 inputs to Conduct Elicitation?
|
-Scheduled Resources
-Supporting Materials -Business Need -Solution Scope & Business Case -Requirements Management Plan -OPA |
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What are the 5 techniques to Determine Solution Approach (EA)?
|
-Benchmarking
-Brainstorming -Decision Analysis -SWOT Analysis -Feasibility Analysis |
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What are the 5 techniques to Define Solution Scope?
|
-Functional Decomposition
-Interface Analysis -Scope Modeling (WBS, Use Case Diagram, Context Diagram) -User Stories -Problem or Vision Statement |
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What are the 4 types of requirements?
|
-Business
-Stakeholder -Solution (Functional/Non-Functional) -Transition |
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What are the 6 Core KA's?
|
BAPM
RE RMC EA RA SAV Underlying Compentencies |
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What are the inputs to Define Assumptions and Constraints (RA)?
|
Stakeholder Concerns (RE)
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What are the 2 techniques to Define Assumptions and Constraints?
|
-PT
-RA |
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What are stakeholder requirements?
|
What a solution must be capable of doing to meet stakeholder needs.
|
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What is a requirement?
|
-A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective.
-A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a system or system component to satisfy a contract, standard specification... |
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What is a Concept in Data Modeling?
|
-An entity in an ERD;A class in a class diagram
-Contains attributes |
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What is cardinality?
|
The degree of a relationship between concepts.
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In UML, what is an object?
|
An instance or example of a UML class.
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What are the 2 types of use case relationships?
|
-Association ( Between actors and use cases)
-Stereotypes (Between Use Cases) |
|
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What 3 elements are part of Define Assumptions and Constraints?
|
-Assumptions
-Business Constraints -Technical Constraints |
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|
What are the general modeling concepts?
|
-Rules
-User Classes, Profilesa, Roles (OM, PM, Use Cases) -Concepts and Relationships (DM) -Events (PM, State Diagrams) -Processes (Use Cases, PM, State Diagrams) |
|
|
What 9 techniques are used to Organize Requirements (RA)?
|
-BRA
-DFD -DM -Funct. Decomp. -OM -PM -Scenarios and Use Cases -SM -User Stories |
|
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What are the 8 inputs to Requirements Analysis?
|
-Business Need
-Bus. Case -Requirements -Stakeholder list, roles, resp. -RMP -OPA -Solution Scope -Stakeholder Concerns |
|
|
Describe the 2 types of message controls in a sequence diagram?
|
-Procedural (Flow is sequential. Sending object must wait for reply)
-Asynchronous (Sending object ontinues processing as other objects are working but can only receive 1 reply at a time). |
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What are the elements of Requirements Prioritization?
|
1-Basis for Prioritization
2-Challenges (Non-negotiable Demans, Unrealistic tradeoffs) |
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What are the 8 basis for requirements priorization?
|
1-Bus. Value
2-Bus. or Tech. Risk 3-Implementation Diff. 4-Likelihood of Success 5-Reg. or Policy Compliance 6-Relationship to other requirements 7-Stakeholder Agreement 8-Urgency |
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What are the inputs to Verify Requirements?
|
Requirements - except stated
|
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What are the 4 techniques to Verify Requirements?
|
1-Acceptance & Eval. Crit. Defin.
2-Problem Tracking 3-Structured Walkthrough 4-Checklists |
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|
What does MoSCoW stand for?
|
Must
Should Could Won't Have |
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|
What are the 2 main goals to organizing requirements?
|
1-Models are appropriate
2-Relationships and dependencies in and between models are represented |
|
|
What are the 3 types of process improvement?
|
1-Six Sigma
2-Lean 3-Proprietary BPM |
|
|
What are the 2 methods for tradeoff decision making mentioned in BABOK?
|
-Dominated Alternatives
-Decision Tree |
|
|
What are the elements involved in determining the business analysis approach?
|
-Timing of Ba work
-Degree of formality and level of detail -Selecting methods for prioritization requirements -Change Management Approach -Planning and integration of BA activities -Approach to Stakeholder Concerns -ID requirements analysis tools -Project Complexity |
|
|
What are the basis for modeling requirements?
|
-Processes
-Events -Relationships -Users/Roles |
|
|
What are the elements of ongoing requirements?
|
-Level of abstraction
-Model selection |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Prioritize Requirements?
|
-Bus. Case
-Bus. Need -Requirements -RMP -Stakeholder List |
|
|
What are the 2 types of interviews?
|
Structured and Unstructured
|
|
|
What is a solution?
|
A set of changes to the current state of an organization in order to meet a business need, solve a problem or take advantage of an opportunity
|
|
|
When you can trace requirements back to a business impact/objective, this is called?
|
Requirements Coverage
|
|
|
What are the inputs to Validate Requirements?
|
-Bus. Case
-Stakeholder, Solution or Transition Reqs. (Verified) |
|
|
What are the 4 techniques used to verify requirements?
|
-Accept. & Eval. Crit. Defi.
-PT -Structured Walkthrough -Checklists |
|
|
What are the elements involved in verifying requirements?
|
1-Characteristics of Requirements Quality (CCCMUFT)
2-Verification Activities |
|
|
What are the inputs to verify requirements?
|
Any requirements except stated
|
|
|
What are the 2 inputs to Validate Requirements?
|
Bus. Case
Stakeholder, Sol, or Transition Requirements - Verified |
|
|
What are the 5 techniques used to Validate Requirements?
|
-Accept. & Eval. crit. Def.
-Metrics/KPI -Prototyping -Risk Analysis -Structure Walkthrough |
|
|
What is an operative rule?
|
A rule an organization choosees to enforce as a matter of policy.
|
|
|
What are model categories for requirements?
|
Processes
User classes, profiles, roles Rules Entities (Concepts) & Relat. Events |
|
|
What is the BABOK definition of a non-functional requirement?
|
Environmental conditions or qualities under which solutions must remain effective. They are important to users/clients and developers/implementation SME's.
|
|
|
What are the 2 elements to consider when Organizing Requirements?
|
-Levels of abstraction
-Model Selection |
|
|
What are 3 business case elements?
|
-Benefits Versus Costs
-Results measurement -Risk Assessment |
|
|
Define the agenda/structure of a requirements review.
|
-Intros
-Purpose -Objectives -Background -Walkthroughs -Agreements -Status |
|
|
What are model categories for requirements?
|
Processes
User classes, profiles, roles Rules Entities (Concepts) & Relat. Events |
|
|
What is the BABOK definition of a non-functional requirement?
|
Environmental conditions or qualities under which solutions must remain effective. They are important to users/clients and developers/implementation SME's.
|
|
|
What are the 2 elements to consider when Organizing Requirements?
|
-Levels of abstraction
-Model Selection |
|
|
What are 3 business case elements?
|
-Benefits Versus Costs
-Results measurement -Risk Assessment |
|
|
What items should be included in a requirements review?
|
-Intros
-Purpose -Objectives -Background -Walkthroughs -Agreements -Status |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Manage Solution Scope & Requirements?
|
-Solution Scope Mgt
-Conflict & Issue Mgt. -Presenting Reqs. for Review -Approval |
|
|
What are the 3 key factors to assess the quality of metrics?
|
-Reliability
-Validity -Timeliness |
|
|
Describe the characteristics of good indicators?
|
CLEAR-Q
-CLear -Economical -Adequate -Relevant -Quantifiable |
|
|
What is a KPI?
|
Measures of progress towards strategic goals & performance
|
|
|
The estimated future value of a project might bring less than its calculated value today.
|
Net Present Value
|
|
|
What are the 9 elicitation techniques?
|
-Brainstorming
-Document Analysis -Focus Groups -Interface Analysis -Interviewing -Observation -Prototyping -Survey/Questionnaire -Requirements Workshop |
|
|
Deviation and Allocation relate to?
|
Tracing requirements back to business goals and objectives and forward to design
|
|
|
Traceability provides support to which 8 project areas?
|
1-Solution conformance to requirements
2-Scope Mgt. 3-Change Mgt. 4-Risk Mgt. 5-Time Mgt. 6-Cost Mgt. 7-Communication Mgt. 8-Detect missing functionality |
|
|
What aids in clarifying appropriate boundaries to a solution?
|
Scope Modeling
|
|
|
What are validated requirements?
|
Requirements that are
-valuable to stakeholders -support business goals and objectives -In-scope |
|
|
Who approves the BA approach?
|
-Customer, domain SME, end user or supplier
-Implementation SME -PM -Tester -Regulator -Sponsor |
|
|
Projecting the time and costs of doing something is known as?
|
Estimation
|
|
|
What are the 6 Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring tasks?
|
ASACMP
-Plan BA Approach -Conduct Stakeholder Analysis -Plan BA Activities -Plan BA Communications -Plan Requirements Management -Monitor BA Performance |
|
|
What are the 7 BAPM outputs?
|
1-BA Approach
2-Stakeholder list, roles, resp. 3-BA Activity Plan(s) 4-BA Communication Plan 5-Requirements Mgt. Plan 6-BA Process Assets 7-BA Performance Assessment |
|
|
What is SWOT?
|
High-level analysis that looks at Strengths, weaknesses, opportunites and threats
|
|
|
What are the 4 elicitation tasks?
|
-Prepare for elicitation
-Conduct elicitation activity -Document elicitation results -Confirm elicitation results |
|
|
What are some characteristics of a plan-driven approach?
|
-goal is to minimize risk
-solution must be able to be fully defined before implementation -Waterfall is one example -sponsor approves requirements |
|
|
What is a domain?
|
An area undergoing analysis. It may correspond to the boundaries of an organization or organizational unit.
|
|
|
What are the possible forms of a requirements package?
|
-Formal Documentation
-Presentations -Models |
|
|
What are the outputs to Requirements Management and Communication?
|
-approved reqs.
-communicated reqs. -maintained and reusable reqs. -traced reqs. -reqs. package |
|
|
What is the goal to Requirements Management and Communication?
|
To ensure business goals and objectives are fulfilled through a solution. The objective of requirements communication is to achieve a shared understanding and agreement to the solution requirements.
|
|
|
What is the goal of Requirements Elicitation?
|
To elicit requirements from stakeholders to be analyzed and documented
|
|
|
What are the 5 techniques used to Define Transition Requirements (SAV)?
|
-BRA
-DFD -DM -OM -PM |
|
|
What are the 11 techniques used to Assess Organizational Readiness (SAV)?
|
1-Accept. & Eval. Crit. Defin.
2-DFD's 3-Focus Groups 4-Interviews 5-OM 6-Problem Tracking 7-PM 8-Survey/Q's. 9-Risk Analysis 10-SWOT Analysis 11-Force Field Analysis |
|
|
What are the 5 techniques to Allocate Requirements?
|
1-Accept. & Eval. Crit. Def.
2-BRA 3-Funct. Decomp. 4-Process Modeling 5-Scenario & Use Cases |
|
|
What is the goal for Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring?
|
To organize the requirements effort including: resources, monitoring, project coordination and change management.
|
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Assess Organizational Readiness?
|
1-Ent. Arch.
2-Designed Solution 3-Solution Scope 4-Stakeholder Concerns |
|
|
What is a business case?
|
Provides justification for a project based on benefits provided by the proposed solution versus the cost of implementing that solution. There are 4 items in a business case:
Context - relative to market, follow-on opportunities Benefits - Quantitative & Qualitative Time & Costs - Est. Budget, break-even Impacts - Cash flow Misc. |
|
|
What are the elements/types of scope modeling?
|
-Context Diagram
-Events -Features -Use case Diagrams/Use Case -PM |
|
|
What are the 6 tasks of RA?
|
-Prioritize Reqs.
-Organize Reqs. -Specify & Model Reqs. -Define Assumptions & Constraints -Verify Reqs. -Validate Reqs. |
|
|
What is the difference between acceptance and evaluation criteria?
|
Acceptance criteria basically used when considering one solution.
Eval. critiera used when comparing multiple solutions |
|
|
What is the output to Organize Requirements?
|
Requirements Structure
|
|
|
What is the management horizon in a business case?
|
Point in time for the solution to break even on cost and being earning a profit
|
|
|
What is included in a BA approach?
|
Team roles
Deliverables Analysis Techiques Timing & Frequency of Stakeholder interactions |
|
|
How many communication channel are there with 360 stakeholders?
|
72,010. Use the formula:
N(N-1)/2 360(360-1)/2 |
|
|
What attributes are collected for requirements?
|
CARA's SOUPS
Complexity Absolute Ref. # Author Source Stability Owner Urgency Priority Status |
|
|
What is a change log?
|
It is a document that tracks all changes and status of changes that have been received.
|
|
|
What are the 4 goals of Enterprise Analysis?
|
1-To identify the business need
2-analyze gap between needs and current capabilities. 3-propose solutions and scope to address needs 4- develop the business case including an evaluation of benefits for a go/no-go decision. |
|
|
What are the Enterprise Analysis tasks?
|
Define Business Need
Assess Capability Gaps Determine Solution Approach Define Solution Scope Define Business Case |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to determine solution approach (EA)?
|
Required Capabilities
Business Need OPA |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Access Capability Gaps (EA)?
|
Business Need
Enter. Arch. Solut. Perf. Assessment |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to defining a business case (EA)?
|
Assumptions & Constraints
Solution Scope Business Need Stakeholders Concerns |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Prepare Requirements Package (RM&C)?
|
Requirements
Requirements Structure BA Communication Plan OPA |
|
|
What are the inputs to Maintain Requirements for Re-Use (RM&C)?
|
Requirements
OPA |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Manage Solution Scope & Requirements?
|
-Solution Scope
-RMP -Stakeholder List -Stakeholder, Solution, Transition Reqs (Communicated or traced) |
|
|
What are the inputs to Manage Requirements Traceability?
|
RMP
Requirements |
|
|
What are the 2 inputs to Define Business Need?
|
-Business goals and objectives
-Requirements (stated) |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Define Solution Scope?
|
-Business Need
-Solution Approach -Assumptions & Constraints -Required Capabilities |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Communicate Requirements?
|
Requirements Pkg
BA Comm. Plan Reqs. |
|
|
What are the 5 techniques to Define Solution Scope?
|
Funct. Decomp
Interface Analysis SM User Stories Problem/Vision Statement |
|
|
What are the 6 techniques for Determine Solution Approach?
|
-Benchmarking
-Brainstorming -Decision Analysis -Estimation -Feasibility Analysis -SWOT |
|
|
What is Zachman?
|
One of the 3 frameworks for EA mentioned in BABOK. It defines stakeholders from visionary to worker. It provides the who, what, when, how, why of enterprise systems.
|
|
|
What are 6 techniques to Define Business Need?
|
Brainstorming
Benchmarking BRA Focus Groups Functional Decomp. Root Cause |
|
|
What are the 2 techniques to Access Capability Gaps?
|
Document Analysis
SWOT |
|
|
What are the 6 techniques used to Define Business Case?
|
Decision Analysis
Estimation Metrics & KPI Risk Analysis SWOT Vendor Assessment |
|
|
What is TOGAF?
|
The Open Group Framework used for Enterprise Architecture. It is make up of the following components:
Business Architecture - the POL in POLDAT Data Archt Appt. Arch Tech. Arch. |
|
|
What is POLDAT?
|
Another framework for Enterprise Architecture
P - Processes O Organization L - Location D - Data A - Applications T - Technology |
|
|
The length of time for an investment to pay for itself is called?
|
Payback Period
|
|
|
A budgeting method to calculate the hypothetical annual yield of an investment is called?
|
The Internal Rate of Return
|
|
|
What compares returns on a prospective project versus what money could potentially earn in financial markets
|
Discounted Cash Flow
|
|
|
The ration of money earned or lost over some time period compared to what was invested is called?
|
The average rate of return or rOR
|
|
|
What characterizes a change-driven approach?
|
-Rapid delivery of business value
-Iterative -SME-authority to approve -Agile -Less formal communications -More frequent communications |
|
|
What are 5 elements to Validate Requirements?
|
-ID assumptions
-Define measurable evaluation criteria -Define business value -Determine dependencies -Evaluate alignment with business case |
|
|
What are the tasks of Solution Assessment and Validation?
|
-Assess Proposed Solution(s)
-Define Transition Requirements -Allocate Requirements -Assess Org. Readiness -Validate Solution -Evaluation Solution Performance |
|
|
What are the tasks of Requirement Management & Communication?
|
-Manage Solution Scope and Requirements
-Maintain Requirements Traceability -Maintain Reqs. for Re-Use -Prepare Reqs. Pkg. -Communicate Reqs. |
|
|
What techniques are used to Assess Proposed Solution?
|
Acceptance & Eval. Crit. Definition
Decision Analysis Vendor Assessment |
|
|
What are the inputs to Evaluation Solution Performance?
|
Business Reqs.
Identified Defects Deployed Solution Solution Perf. Metrics |
|
|
What are 2 inputs to Validate Solution?
|
Constructed Solution
Reqs. - Prioritized & approved |
|
|
What is the goal of SAV?
What is the role of the BA in SAV? |
To ensure that solution requirements are fulfilled by the technical design, and to facilitate their implementation.
The BA ensures the solution meets requirements. They facilitate implementation activities and evaluate postproduction issues. |
|
|
What are the 4 key considerations to BA Approach?
|
Methodologies available
Needs & Objectives Standards Project Approach |
|
|
What are the inputs to Assess Capability Gaps?
|
Bus. Need
Ent. Arch Solution Perf. Assessment |
|
|
What are the 3 common interface types you consider with Interface Analysis?
|
Users interfaces to solution
Interfaces to and from external apps Interfaces to and from external hardware devices |
|
|
In the RMP, what items are documented in relation to changing requirements?
|
Process for requesting requirement changes
Authority to approve requirement changes Performance impact analysis Wording of change requests |
|
|
What should a requirements management plan contain?
|
-Traceability approach
-Selection of reqs. attributes -Def. of requirements priorit. process -Mgt. of changing requirements (how to request, analyze, approve, implement) |
|
|
What do you cll the continuous data collection to determin if a solution is working as it should?
|
Monitroing
|
|
|
Define metric?
|
A standard of measurement defined relative to "BA performance"
|
|
|
What is an indicator?
|
a specific numeric measurement indicating progress
|
|
|
What is a KPI
|
indicators that allow the BA to meausre performance of solutions towards strategics goals
|
|
|
What are solution requirements?
|
Describe behavior of solution components in enough detail to allow them to be constructed
|
|
|
What is a specific target an organization aims for to support its goals?
|
Business objective
|
|
|
What are the elements to Decision Analysis?
|
1-Financial (i.e. NPV, IRR)
2-Uncertainty Cost - Benefit Analysis 3-Tradeoffs |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to stakeholder analysis?
|
Ent. Archit.
Business Need OPA |
|
|
What are the 7 outputs to Business Analysis Planning & Monitoring?
|
-BA Approach
-BA Activity Plan(s) -Stakeholder List -BA Communication Plan -RMP -BA Perf. Assessment -BA Process Assets |
|
|
What is SMART?
|
A way to access business goals and objectives, esp. objectives. It means:
Specific measureable Achievable Relevant Time-Bound |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Manage BA Performance?
|
-BA Performance Metrics
-Organ. Perf. Standards -BA Activity Plan(s) -RMP |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Plan Requirements Management?
|
BA Activity Plan(s)
OPA BA Approach |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Plan BA Communications
|
-Stakeholder List
-BA Activity Plan(s) -OPA -BA Approach |
|
|
What are the inputs to Plan BA Activities?
|
-BA Perf. Assessment
-BA Approach -Stake. List -OPA |
|
|
What are the 12 techniques to Conduct Stakeholder Analysis?
|
-Accept. & Eval. Crit. Def
-Brainstorming -Interviews -OM -PM -Reqs. Workshops -RA -Scenarios & Use Cases & User Stories -SM -Survey's/Q's -RACI -Stakeholder Map |
|
|
What to consider regarding Stakeholder's attitudes?
|
-Attitude towards business goals, objectives, solution approach
-Attitude towards business analysis -Attritude towards collaboration -Attitude towards business sponsor -Attitudes towards other project team members |
|
|
What items are in a Stakeholder List?
|
Names & Titles
Role # Category Location Influence Approval Authority Special Needs/Concerns |
|
|
What items are included in a solution scope?
|
Major features/functions
Interactions with people, systems Project boundaries |
|
|
What clarifies business need, i.d.'s stakeholders and projects potential benefits of a proposed solution?
|
Vision Statement
|
|
|
What are the key elements of BA Performance Assessment?
|
BA Performance Measures
preventive and corrective action performance reporting |
|
|
What is the goal of BAPM?
|
To organize the requirement effort, including resources, monitoring, project coordination and managing change
|
|
|
What is a structural/inference rule?
|
A rule that can be used to evaluation decisions during a process. Could be a calculation: "An order's tax amount is calculated as..."
|
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Organize Requirements?
|
OPA
Reqs. Prioritized Solution Scope |
|
|
Sequence Diagrams
|
Show how objects interact but not how they relate to eachother
|
|
|
What are the 6 techniques to Allocate Requirements?
|
Accept. & Eval. Crit. Definition
BRA DA Func. Decomp. PM Scenarios & Use Cases |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Allocate Requirements?
|
Reqs. Prioritized & Approved
Solution - Designed Solution Scope |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Assess Proposed Solution (s)?
|
1-Ranking of solution options
-May use substantive differences -Score,weight 2-ID of Additional Potential Capabilities |
|
|
3 Techniques for Assess Proposed Solution Are?
|
Accept & Eval., Crit. Definition
DA Vendor Assessment |
|
|
3 Inputs to Assess Proposed Solution(s) Are?
|
Assumptions & Constraints
Reqs. Prioritized & Approved Solution Option(s) |
|
|
What are the 6 tasks of SAV?
|
1-Assess Proposed Solution(s)
2-Allocate Reqs. 3-Define Transition Requirements 4-Validate Solution 5-Eval. Solution Performance 6-Assess Org. Readiness |
|
|
What are the 2 elements of Requirements Allocation?
|
Solution Components
Release Planning |
|
|
Business Need is an input to which tasks?
|
3 EA
-Assess Capability Gaps -Define Solution Approach -Define Business Case 1 RA -Prioritize Reqs. 2 BAPM -Plan BA Approach -Conduct Stake Analysis 2 RE -Prepare for Elicitation -Conduct Elicitation |
|
|
What are 4 techniques used to Evaluate Solution Performance?
|
-DA
-FG -Observation -Survey/Q's |
|
|
What are the elements to Evaluating Solution Performance?
|
1-Understand the value of the solution
2-Validate Solution Metrics 3-Solution Replacement/Elimination -Ongoing Versus Initial investment -Opportunity Cost -Necessity -Sunk Costs |
|
|
What are 3 techniques for Validate Solution?
|
Accept. & Eval. Crit. Defin.
PT Root Cause Analysis |
|
|
What is the output to Evaluate Solution Performance?
|
Solution Performance Assessment
|
|
|
What are the 3 outputs of Validate Solution?
|
Identified Defects
Mitigating Actions Solution Validity Assessment |
|
|
What is the output to Define Transition Requirements?
|
The transition requirements
|
|
|
What is the output to Assess Org. Readiness?
|
The Org. Readiness Assessment
|
|
|
What are the outputs to Allocate Requirements?
|
Allocated Requirements
|
|
|
What is the output to Assess Proposed Solution(s)?
|
Proposed Solution Assessment
|
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Validate Solution?
|
Investigate Defective Solution Outputs
Assess Defects & Issues |
|
|
What are the 5 types of solution components?
|
1-Policies & BR's
2-Business Processes 3-People - operations staff 4-Software apps. 5-Organizational structure |
|
|
What are the 2 elements of Allocate Requirements?
|
1-Solution components
2-Release planning |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Assess Organizational Readiness?
|
Ent. Archit.
Sol. Scope Sol. Designed Stakeholders Concerns |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Assess Organizational Readiness?
|
1-Cultural Assessment
2-Operational or Technical Assessment -Functions to implement -Location of people -Concerns - usability 3-Stakeholder Impact Analysis (Consider: Functions, Locations, Tasks, Concerns) |
|
|
What are the 11 techniques used to Assess Organizational Readiness?
|
1-Accept. & Eval. Crit. Defin.
2-DFD's 3-Focus Group 4-Interviews 5-OM 6-PM 7-PT 8-RA 9-Survey's/Q's 10-SWOT 11-Force Field Analysis |
|
|
What are the 4 inputs to Define Transitional Requirements?
|
1-Deployed Solution - old
2-Designed Solution - new 3-Requirements - stated 4-Org. Readiness Assessment |
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Evaluate Solution Performance?
|
1-Identified Defects
2-Business Reqs. 3-Solution Performance Metrics |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Transition Requirements?
|
1-Data
2-Ongoing Work 3-Organizational Structure |
|
|
What are the 6 factors that increase the complexity of a BA's work?
|
1-Number of stakeholders
2-Number of business areas affected 3-Number of business systems affected 4-Amount and nature of risk 5-Uniqueness of requirements 6-Number of technology resources required |
|
|
What are the 5 areas to consider when involved in Solution Assessment and validation?
|
1-Business Processes
2-Organizational Structure 3-Outsourcing Agreements 4-Software applications 5-Misc. Solution Components |
|
|
What do you consider when conducting Vendor Assessment?
|
1-Vendor Experience & Reputation
2-Product Reputation & Market Position 3-Vendor Knowledge & Expertise 4-Licensing & Pricing 5-Terms and Conditions 6-Vendor Stability |
|
|
What are the 2 inputs to Validate Solution?
|
1-Constructed Solution
2-Reqs. - Prioritized & approved |
|
|
What are the 5 techniques for transition requirements?
|
1-BRA
2-DFD 3-DM 4-OM 5-PM |
|
|
What term means to trace a subset of requirements forward and across the solution components?
|
Requirements Allocation
|
|
|
Validated Requirements are - 4 things?
|
1-Valuable to the organization
2-Support business goals & objectives 3-Can be traced back to goals and objectives 4-Are in-scope |
|
|
What are the contents of the business requirements?
|
-Business need
-Required capabilities -Solution Scope -Business Case |
|
|
What are the 12 various states of requirements?
|
1. Approved - Agreed to by stakeholders and ready for use in subsequent BA or implementation efforts
2. Communicated - Shared with and understood by stakeholders 3. Maintained & Reusable - Defined and formatted to be re-used 4. Prioritized - Assigned a priority 5. Stated - Stated needs expressed by stakeholders during elicitation 6. Stated, confirmed - Confirmed by the BA to match both stakeholders needs and their understanding of the problem 7. Stated, unconformed - Represents the BA's understanding of the stakeholder intentions 8. Traced - having clearly defined and identified relationships to other requirements within the solution scope 9. Validated - demonstrated to deliver value to the stakeholder, are within solution scope and aligned with business goals and objectives 10. Verified - Requirements that have been checked and are of sufficient quality 11. Allocated - associated with a solution component(s) that will implement the requirement 12. Analyzed - Modeled & Specified |
|
|
What KA describes how the BA approaches communicating requirements to stakeholders (i.e. not plan)?
|
RM&C
|
|
|
What is BABOK?
|
A set of generally accepted best-practices. It is a framework and NOT a methodology
|
|
|
What are the key business analysis and planning stakeholder roles?
|
Customer
Domain SME End User Implementation SME Operational Support Project Mgr. Tester (verifies designed and constructed solution meet requirements & quality criteria Regulator Sponsor Supplier |
|
|
Tracing begins with?
|
Business Objectives
|
|
|
What are the inputs to Assess Proposed Solution?
|
Assumptions & Constraints
Requirements prioritized & approved Solution Options |
|
|
What variables to consider when assessing solution options?
|
Operations
Economic Technical Scheduling Organizational Cultural Legal Marketing |
|
|
What are the 6 techniques used to Define Business Case?
|
1-Decision Analysis (Cost-benefit, financial)
2-Estimation 3-Metrics & KPI's 4-Risk Analysis 5-SWOT 6-Vendor Assessment |
|
|
What way can you quickly determine top-rated solutions for your organization?
|
Scoring
|
|
|
What is considered to be part of the Solution Scope definition?
|
-Major features/functions
-Interactions solution will have with people and systems outside of scope, external -In-scope and out-of-scope components -Business units involved -Business processes to be improved or redesigned -Process owners -IT systems and other technology that will be affected |
|
|
A domain SME is not involved with traceability, who is?
|
Implementation SME
PM Tester |
|
|
How does the Ba ensure dispersed stakeholders are accounted for during BA planning activities?
|
Plan on writing requirements docs. with a lot of detail
|
|
|
What are the 2 inputs to Confirm Elicitation results?
|
1-Reqs. Stated and unconfirmed
2-Stakeholders concerns stated and unconfimed |
|
|
What are all the outputs to elicitation?
|
-Scheduled resources
-Supporting Materials -Confirmed elicitation results -Requirements (stated) -Stakeholder concerns |
|
|
What is the input to document elicitation results?
|
Elicitation results
|
|
|
What are the 3 inputs to Plan BA Approach?
|
1-Business Need
2-Expert Judgement 3-OPA |
|
|
What are the 6 BA compentencies?
|
1-Analytical Thinking & Problem Solving
2-Behavioral Characteristics 3-Busimess Knowledge 4-Communication Skills 5-Interaction Skills 6-Software Applications |
|
|
What are the 5 BABOK organizations to Analytical Thinking & Problem Solving?
|
1-Decision Making
2-Creative Thinking 3-Learning 4-Problem Solving 5-Systems Thinking |
|
|
What are the 5 BABOK organizations to Behavioral Characteristics?
|
1-Personal Organization
2-Ethics 3-Trustworthiness |
|
|
What are the 5 BABOk organizations to Business Knowledge?
|
1-Business Priciples & Practices
2-Industry Knowledge 3-Organization Knowledge 4-Solution Knowledge |
|
|
What are the 3 BABOK organizations to Communication Skills?
|
1-Oral Communications
2-Teaching 3-Written Communications |
|
|
How many communication channels are there with 30 people?
|
Given by n(n-1)/2
435 |
|
|
How does BABOK organize the 3 Communication Skills?
|
1-Teaching
2-Oral Communit. 3-Written Comm. |
|
|
How does BABOK organize the 3 Interaction Skills?
|
1-Leadership & Influencing
2-Facilitation & Negotiation 3-Teamwork |
|
|
Describe Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
|
1-Physiological
2-Safety 3-Love & Belonging 4-Esteem 5-Self-Actuali. |
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|
How does BABOK organize the 2 Software Application Skills?
|
1-General (i.e. word processing, spreadsheet, presentation)
Collabor. and Know. Mgt Electronic Communi 2-Specialized Apps. |
|
|
In which tasks is the technique, Metrics & KPI used?
|
1-BAPM: Manage BA Perf. (Can be used to determine what metrics on perf. to track and how they are collected)
2-EA: Define Business Case (Can be used to define measurements for how well the solution provided for the business case) 3-RA: Specify & Model Requirements (Metrics can be included in Requirements Specification) 4-RA: Validate Requirements (Used to select appropriate performance measures for a solution, solution component, or requirement. |
|
|
What is a Metric?
|
Quantifiable level of an indicator that an organisation
uses to measure progress |
|
|
What is an Indicator?
|
Identifies a specific numerical measurement that
represents the degree of progress |
|
|
What is a KPI?
|
Indicator that measures progress towards a strategic
goal or objective |
|
|
What is the purpose of Metrics & KPI reporting?
|
To inform stakeholders of metrics of indicators in
specified format at specified intervals |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Metrics & KPI?
|
The BABOK® Guide defines the following elements:
1. Indicators – An indicator identifies a specific numerical measurement for a goal, impact, output, activity, or input. 2.Metrics – Metrics are quantifiable levels of indicators 3.Structure – Establishing a monitoring and evaluation system requires procedures for data collection, data analysis, reporting, and collection of baseline data. that are measured at a specific point in time 4.Reporting – Reports compare the baseline, current metrics and target metrics to each other |
|
|
What are the (5) characteristics of good indicators?
|
Q-CREA
Quantifiable: independently validated Clear: precise and unambiguous Relevant: appropriate to the factor5. Economical: available at reasonable cost Adequate: basis to assess performance |
|
|
What is a target metric?
|
A target metric is the objective to be
reached within a specified period. The scope of time to reach the target metric may vary from weeks to years depending on the need or range A range can be useful if the indicator is new |
|
|
What are the disadvantages to Metrics & KPI's as a technique?
|
Gathering excessive amounts of data
beyond the needs create unnecessary cost and may distract project team from other tasks • Collecting too much data and not generating useful reports will prevent from timely responsive actions. Timely feedback is important. • You get what you measure |
|
|
What can a metric be?
|
A metric can be a specific point, threshold, or range.
|
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|
You are using reliable data and market research to create a preliminary analysis of potential solution options. Which analysis technique are you applying?
|
Feasibility Analysis
|
|
|
What is Business Knowledge broken into?
|
-business principles and practices,
-industry knowledge, -organization knowledge, -solution knowledge. |
|
|
Which of the following stakeholders is NOT typically outside the boundaries of a given organization or organizational role?
|
Testers
|
|
|
What are the four elements of analyzing stakeholder impacts as part of assessing organizational readiness?
|
-functions
-location -tasks -concerns |
|
|
What are the factors that determine elicitation techniques used?
|
-the business domain
-the corporate culture/environment -analyst skills -the requirements deliverables to be created |
|
|
What is the name for a conceptual view of all or part of an enterprise focusing on products, deliverables, and events that are important to the mission of the organization?
|
The Business Domain Model
|
|
|
Why should a BA conduct pre-survey interviews?
|
To have more ideas and data for her survey questions.
|
|
|
One disadvantage of surveys is that the response rate can be very low. What is the best way to increase the survey response rate?
|
-Offer an incentive versus threats, cajoling...etc.
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT part of the written communications attributes possessed by effective business analysts?
|
Clear understanding of audience, purpose, and form
|
|
|
What are synonms for a storyboard? .
|
-Dialog Map
-Dialog Hierarchy -Navigation Flow |
|
|
You are refining your evaluation of a project’s feasibility. What is the LEAST desirable knowledge area that might trigger this work?
|
During requirements implementation activities.
|
|
|
The business analyst is wanting to clarify data attributes, selection criteria and supporting business rules with her users in a working session. What type of technique could she use?
|
When prototyping, a screen prototype shows data attributes, selection criteria and business rules.
|
|
|
Throughout the project a storyboard, screen prototype and screen layout or mockup is created. Which prototype would use organizational standards or style guides?
|
The screen layout or mockup
|
|
|
The BA is talking with visual business users. They want to understand better how the navigation in the system will work. What is a key model she will use?
|
A Storyboard. It shows the navigation paths across the interface components. This visual includes abstractions of each screen along with directional arrows that indicate the allowable navigation flows.
|
|
|
What are the 3 preqrequisites for a structured walkthrough session?
|
-complete requirements package
-a list of appropriate reviewers -a meeting vehicle |
|
|
What is the purpose of a structured walkthrough?
|
-To communicate reqs.
-To Verify reqs. -To Validate reqs. |
|
|
What is required of participants in a structured walkthrough?
|
-ask questions
-make comments -Challenge assumptions -make suggestions |
|
|
Another name for structured walkthrough sessions is?
|
Requirements Reviews
|
|
|
The elements to a structured walkthrough are:
|
1-Prerequisites
2-Process 3-Rules to be followed during the review |
|
|
What is the process followed for a structured walkthrough?
|
1-review scope
2-organize and schedule review 3-conduct review 4-compile notes and results of the review 5-Re-review if necessary |
|
|
What are the prerequisities to a structured walkthrough?
|
-a complete reqs. pkg
-a list of appropriate reviewers -a meeting vehicle |
|
|
What are the rules to a successful structured walkthrough?
|
-consider whether or not supervisors and managers should attend the session
-make sure reviewers limit their comments to the document contents and avoid discussing the author -make sure everyone reviews the document before the session |
|
|
Prioritizing requirements provides for:?
|
-determining which requirements should have more analysis
-which requirements should be implemented first |
|
|
You are using reliable data and market research to create a preliminary analysis of potential solution options. Which analysis technique are you applying?
|
Feasibility Study/Analysis
|
|
|
What factors determine which elicitation technique to use?
|
-business domain,
-the corporate culture/environment, -analyst skills, -the requirements deliverables to be created |
|
|
What term defines a set of requirements or features that have been identified as candidates for potential implementation, prioritized, and estimated?
|
A product backlog
|
|
|
Which stakeholder approves the allocation of requirements to components and releases?
|
Project Sponsor
|
|
|
When should you begin to allocate requirements during a project?
|
Requirements allocation typically begins early in the project life cycle (as soon as the solution approach can be determined) and continues to be performed until all valid requirements are allocated, typically through design and construction of the solution.
|
|
|
What are some sources of transition requirements?
|
Sources of transition requirements include
-the actual data and metadata managed by the old system -the ongoing work in the old version of the solution -the process for managing the organizational change resulting from the transition to the new system. |
|
|
What is the purpose of nonfunctional requirements?
|
Defining quality attributes and design constraints of the solution
|
|
|
When is it recommended to define and get consensus on the frequency of feedback that occurs during the elicitation process?
a. When preparing the business analysis plan b. When planning the Business Analysis communications c. When defining the requirements management process d. When preparing for elicitation |
d. Agreement is reached with the stakeholders while preparing for elicitation as to the form and frequency of feedback during the elicitation process
|
|
|
When can requirements begin to be managed?
|
After they are communicated.
|
|
|
When you create a set of views of requirements from all stakeholder's perspectives - is this: organizing requirements or specifying and modeling requirements?
|
organizing requirements
|
|
|
When does requirements allocation start?
|
Early in the project lifecycle as soon as the solution approach CAN be determined
|
|
|
During which task of business analysis is the requirements format decided?
|
During Plan Ba Communications
|
|
|
Planning business analysis activities includes:
|
1-ID business analysis deliverables
2-Determine the scope of work of the business analysis activities 3-Determine which activities the BA will performance and when 4-Develop estimates for BA work |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to validate requirements?
|
1-Identify assumptions
2-Define measurable evaluation criteria 3-Determine business value 4-Determine dependencies for benefits realization 5-Evaluate alignment with Business Case |
|
|
What tasks use the Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Def. Technique?
|
-Conduct Stakeholder Analysis (BAPM)
-Specify & Model Requirements -Verify Requirements -Validate Requirements -Allocate Reqs. -Assess Proposed Solution -Assess Org. Readiness |
|
|
What are the 4 components of the Solution Scope?
|
1-Scope of analysis
2-Capabilities supported by solution components 3-Capabilities in individual releases or interations 4-Enabling capabilities |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Define Solution Scope?
|
1-Solution Scope Definition
2-Implementation Approach 3-Dependencies |
|
|
Planning business analysis activities includes:
|
1-ID business analysis deliverables
2-Determine the scope of work of the business analysis activities 3-Determine which activities the BA will performance and when 4-Develop estimates for BA work |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to validate requirements?
|
1-Identify assumptions
2-Define measurable evaluation criteria 3-Determine business value 4-Determine dependencies 5-Evaluation alignment with Business Case |
|
|
What tasks use the Acceptance and Evaluation Criteria Def. Technique?
|
-Conduct Stakeholder Analysis (BAPM)
-Specify & Model Requirements -Verify Requirements -Validate Requirements -Assess Proposed Solution -Allocate Requirements -Assess Org. Readiness -Validated Solution |
|
|
What are the components of the Solution Scope?
|
1-Scope of analysis
2-Capabilities supported by solution components 3-Capabilities in individual releases or interations 4-Enabling capabilities |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Define Solution Scope?
|
1-Solution Scope Definition
2-Implementation Approach 3-Dependencies |
|
|
What items should be included in a Scope Statement?
|
-Major features and functions of the solution (in-scope and out-of-scope)
-Interations of the solution with people and other systems -Project boundaries defined by: busines units impacted business processes affected IT systems involved with the solution |
|
|
In which tasks is Vendor Assessment used?
|
-Define Business Case (EA)
-Assess Proposed Solution (SAV) |
|
|
What is a short description for a Business Case?
|
The justification for pursuing a solution. It assesses the costs and benefits of a proposed project.
|
|
|
What is used along with the business case to determine information to be elicited when developing stakeholder, solution and transition requirements?
|
Solution Scope
|
|
|
What can you do during Prepare for Elicitation?
|
-Agree with stakeholders about how you will provide them with feedback and when
-Agree with stakeholders on how you will verify information -Agree with stakeholders on Sign off related to elicitation results -Establish ground rules for group elicitation events |
|
|
What are the 3 types of elicitation techniques and provide examples:
|
1-Events (6): brainstorming, FG, interviews, observations, prototypes, Reqs. Work
2-Performed elicitation = BA does document analysis or interface analysis 3-Collected: Surveys/Q's |
|
|
What are the 3 types of Composite data elements:
|
-sequences
-repetitions -optional |
|
|
What are the advantages of interface analysis?
|
-Helpful in addressing interoperability
|
|
|
What are the 2 main types of prototypes?
|
Functional
SDLC |
|
|
Describe the 2 types of functional prototypes?
|
-Horizontal: shallow and wide view of system functionality
-Vertical deep and narrow slice of solution functionality |
|
|
Describe the 2 types of SDLC prototypes?
|
-Throw-away
-Evlutionary=ultimately becoming working software app. |
|
|
How long should a survey take to complete?
|
No more than 10 minutes
|
|
|
Stated and confirmed requirements are input to which tasks?
|
-Define Business Need (EA)
-Prioritize Requirements (RA) -Specify & Model Requirements (RA) -Define Transition Requirements (SAV) |
|
|
Confirmed stakeholder concerns are input to which tasks?
|
-Define Business Case (EA)
--Define Assumptions & Constraints (RA) -Assess Org. Readiness (SAV) |
|
|
What are the 8 critiera for requirements prioritization?
|
1-Business Value
2-Business or Technical Risk 3-Implementation Difficulty 4-Likelihood of success 5-Regulatory or Policy Compliance 6-Relationship to other reqs. 7-Stakeholder Agreement 8-Urgency |
|
|
What are the elements to organizing requirements?
|
-Defining the level of abstraction or detail required
-Selecting appropriate modeling techniques |
|
|
What are the 5 general modeling concepts relevant to business analysis?
|
1-User classes, profiles or roles - models that categorize and describe people who directly interact with the solution, often correspond to project stakeholders:
OM PM Use Cases 2-Concepts & Relationships - something in the real world such as a person place or thing DM 3-Events - Triggers that prompt the business or solution to respond to an event: SM PM State Diagrams Use Cases 4-Processes - series of events without any trigger, repeatable activities, who does something and when that something must be done: OM State Diagrams PM Use Cases 5-Rules - guide how people make decisions, valid values of information: |
|
|
How is functional decomposition used during RA (Organ. Reqs, Specify & Model Reqs.)?
|
To break an organizational unit or solution scope into its component parts. Each resulting part may have its own set of requirements.
|
|
|
What defines an organized structure for stakeholder and solution requirements and the documented relationships between tehm. It defines the scope of each specific model or set orf requirements and provides a location where each specific requirement can be found. It is used to Prepare Reqs. Pkg and to Specify & model requiements?
|
The Requirements Structure
|
|
|
What are the elements when specifying & modeling the stakeholder or solution requirements on projects:
|
-writing text requirements
-using matrix documentation such as tables -building textual or gaphical models -capturing requirements attributes -seeking opportunities for improvement |
|
|
What are the 6 reasons you might choose to use text or gaphical models during RA activities?
|
-To describe a situation or define a problem
-To define business domain boundaries -To describe processes and the flow of action -To categorize and create hierarchies of items -To show components and their relationships -To show business logic |
|
|
What should a BA consider when seeking opportunities for improvement?
|
-Automating or simplifying the work people do
-Improving information access across the organization -Reducing the complexity of interfaces between systems and people -Increasing the consistency in how people behanve -Eliminating redundancy across your stakeholders |
|
|
What are the non-actional directives that support business goals?
|
-Business policies
|
|
|
What are the actional and testable directives that support business policies
|
Business rules
|
|
|
What is a visual representation of the sequential flow and control logic of a set of related activities
|
A process model
|
|
|
What type of relationship inserts additional behavior into a use tcase that has been captured in a separate use case versus being an alternative flow?
|
Extend
|
|
|
What type of relationship allows one use tcase to use or share some functionality present in another user case
|
Include
|
|
|
Name the KA where the following types of requirements are analyzed and created:
business requirements Transition requirements stakeholder and solution requirements |
EA
SAV RA |
|
|
What are BABOK's 7 guidelines for writing text requirements:
|
-Express 1 requirement at a time
-Use active voice -Use consistent terminology -Use verb or verb phrases -Avoid complex conditional clauses -Do not assume the reader has domain knowledge -User termininology familiar to stakeholders |
|
|
What are the 2 elements of verifying requirements?
|
-Requirements quality characteristics
-Verification activities |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to Validate Requirements?
|
1-ID assumptions
2-Define measurable evaluation criteria 3-Determine the business value of the requirement 4-Determine dependencies for benefits realization 5-Evaluate your alignment with the business case |
|
|
What are the outputs to SAV?
|
Proposed Solution Assessment
Organizational Readiness Assessment Allocated Stakeholder & Solution Requirements Solution Validation Assessment Solution Performance Assessment Identified Defects Mitigating Actions |
|
|
What asesses the solution's ability to meet the business need at an acceptable level of quality?
|
Solution Validatio nAssessment
|
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Assess Proposed Solution?
|
-Ranking solution options
-Identifying additional solution capabilities |
|
|
Who are the key stakeholders involved in Assess Proposed Solution(s)?
|
-Domain sME
-Impelemt. SME -Operational support -Suppliers -Sponsor -PM |
|
|
Define solution components and the types of solution components?
|
-The pieces and parts of a solution that span the entire Enterprise arch
-Business processes, policies and rules -People along with their job functions & responsibilities -Software apps. and application components -Organ. structure |
|
|
What are the 2 elements involved in Allocation Requirements?
|
-Allocating requirements to solution components
-Release Planning |
|
|
Who are the key stakeholders involved in Allocating requirements?
|
-PM
-End users -Customers -Domain SME -Implementation SME -Operational Support -Suppliers -Sponsor -Testers |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Assessment Organizational Readiness
|
-Cultural Assessment
-Operational or technical assessment -Stakeholder impact analysis |
|
|
When conducting Stakeholder Impact Analysis, what should you consider?
|
-Functions
Location Tasks Concerns |
|
|
What are the 4 bulding blocks of a project's business requirements?
|
-Business Need
-Req. Capabilities -Solution Scope -Business Case |
|
|
What are the 3 elements involved in Evaluation Solution Performance?
|
-Understanding the value delivered by the solution
-Validating the solution metrics -Considering solution replacement or elimination |
|
|
What are the 4 issues that may influence your decision to replace or eliminated a deployed solution
|
-Ongoing versus Initial Investment
-Opportunity Cost -Necessity -Sunk Cost |
|
|
Which stakeholder approves allocation of requirements to components and releases?
|
Sponsor
|
|
|
Define BAPM
|
The KA where you plan how to approach your project's business analysis effort. the approach is a set of processes, templates and activities used to performance business analysis in a specific context. The tasks govern and monitor the performance of all other business analysis tasks. These planning and monitoring activities take place throughout the project life cycle. The results of this knowledge area govern the tasks found in the remaining 5 KA's and set the performance metrics to be used to eval. all business analysis work.
|
|
|
Define RE
Goals of RE |
Requirements must be elicited from stakeholders in order to be analyzed and documented. This KA cover the process, tasks and techniques for doing just that. There are nine techniques: DIP OF RIBS
Use appropriate techniques to elicit complete and accurate requirements |
|
|
Define RM&C
|
This knowledge area defines how you approach communicating your project requirements to your stakeholders. You will find yourself managing changes, conflicts and issues related to the projects requirements across the project life cycle.
|
|
|
Define EA
Define EA Goals |
This KA provides a context for other requirements activities, and identifies viable solutions to meet business needs. It helps evaluate current and future states of an organization to grasp the changes needed to help meet its goals and achieve its objectives.
Goals: 1-ID business needs and analyze gap between the need and current capabilities 2-Propose solutions and scope to address the need 3-Develop business cases for solutions, including an evaluation of benefits to an organization that a solution provides |
|
|
Define RA
Define the goal of RA |
1. RA steps you progressively through elaborating and prioritizing the stakeholder and solution reqiurements for a project. Considered to be the "core" of what a BA does. It deals with how stakeholder needs are analyzed, structured and documented.
2. Goal: Have a clear enough undersanding of the requirements to enable building a solution to meet business needs. |
|
|
Define SAV
What is the goal of SAV |
Once requirements have been approved, they need tob e implemented to be of value. SAV assesses and validates the proposed, in-progress and implemented solutions before, during and after the project life cycle. This is also where the project's transition requirements are defined.
Goal: Enure that solution requirements are fulfilled by the technical design and to facilitate their implementation |
|
|
Compare business principles and business practicies
|
Business principles are defined as the characteristics common to organization of similar purpose and structure, such as HR, Finance and IT functions. Business practices or prcoesses vary based on what an organization does and the size of that organization
|
|
|
Define the Tuckman Model of team development
|
Teams have stages:
forming storming norming performing adjourning or mouning |
|
|
define conflict-resolution techniques
|
Forcing - Win-lose
Smooting - Lose-lose Compromise Lose - Lose Confrontation Win-win Withdrawal Lose-Lose |
|
|
What are some motivational theories
|
Achievement Theory- People are motiviated by a need for achivement, poiwer and afficiliant
Frederic Herzberg's motivational-hygiene Theorty - 2 sides: Hygiene factors are things that prevent people from becoming disasstisfied (pay, benefits, work conditions, working relationship) Then there are motiviation factors: opportunities for advancement, learning, challenges and work itself expectany theory - carrot and stick Theory x and Y. They x says people are inhernetly lazy and need to be threatened to be motivated. Theory Y states that people seek out responsiblity and respond to proper expectations in the workfplace Contimngency Theory. A leader is effective depending on: characteristics of the leader, the situation and the group |
|
|
Define the 5 levels of power
|
Reward power - $$
Punishment Power - threatening Expert Power - Influence based on K&A's Legitimate Power - formal job position Referent power - based on respect and regard. It is earned |
|
|
What are the 8 elements to Plan BA Approach?
|
1-Timing of BA activities
2-Formality and Level of Detail for BA deliverables 3-Complexity of project 4-Requirements Mgt. & Analysis Tools 5-Change mgt. 6-Requirements prioritization process 7-BA Planning Process 8-Communications with stakeholders |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Conduct Stakeholder Analysis?
|
1-ID stakeholders
2-Determine complexity of stakeholder group 3-Assess attitude & influence 4-Determine authority levels for BA deliverables |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Plan BA Activity?
|
1-Consider the geographic distribution of stakeholders?
2-Type of project or initiative 3-Determine Ba deliverables & activities |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to Plan BA Communications?
|
1-Geography
2-Culture 3-Project type 4-Communications formality 5-Communications frequency |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to Plan Requirements Management?
|
1-Repository
2-Traceability 3-Change Mgt. 4-Requirements Prioritization Process 5-Determine requirements attributes |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Manage BA Performance?
|
1-Define performance measurements
2-Performance Reporting 3-Preventative and Corrective Action |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Define Business Need?
|
1-Business goals and objectives
2-Busines problems or opportunities 3-desired outcome |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Assess Capability Gaps?
|
1Current capability analysis
2-Assessment of new capability requirements 3-Assumptions |
|
|
What are 3 elements to Determine solution Approach?
|
1-Generate alternatives
2-Assumptions & Constraints 3-Ranking & Selection of Approaches |
|
|
What are 3 elements to Define Solution Scope
|
1-Solution Scope Definition
2-Implementation Approach 3-Dependencies |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Define Business Case?
|
1-Beneftis
2-Costs 3-Risk Assessment 4-Results Measurement |
|
|
What are the 4 elements to Manage Solution Scope & Requirements?
|
1-Manage solution scope
2-Conflict & issue management 3-Presenting reqs. for review 4-Approval |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Manage requirements traceability?
|
1-Relationships
2-traceability 3-Configuration Mgt. System |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Maintain Requirements for Re-Use?
|
1-Ongoing requirements
2-Satisfied requirements |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Prepare requirements package?
|
1-Work products & deliverables
2-Format |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Communicate Requriements?
|
1-General communications
2-Presentations - formal & informal |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Prioritize Requirements?
|
1-Basis for prioritization
2-Challenges (non-negotiable demands, unrealistic tradeoffs) |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Organize Requirements?
|
1-Level of abstraction
2-Model selection |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to specify & Model requirements?
|
1-Text
2-Matrix documentation 3-Models 4-Capture reqs. attributes 4- 5-Improvement opportunities |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Define Assumptions & Constraints?
|
1-Assumptions
2-Business risk 3-Technical Risk |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Verify Requirements?
|
1-Requirements quality characteristics (CCCCMUFT)
2-Verification activities |
|
|
What are the 5 elements to Validate Requirements?
|
1-ID assumptions
2-Define measurable evaluation criteria 3-Define business value 4-Determine dependencies for benefits realization 5-Aligh with business case and opportunity cost |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Assess Proposed Solution(s)?
|
1-Ranking of solution options
2-Identification of additional potential capabilities |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Allocate Requirements?
|
1-Solution components
2-Release planning |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Assess Organizational Readiness?
|
1-Cultural Assessment
2-Operational or technical assessment 3-Stakeholder Impact Analysis |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Define Transitional Requirements?
|
1-Data
2-Ongoing work 3-Organizational change |
|
|
What are the 2 elements to Validate Solution?
|
1-Investigate defective outputs from solution components
2-Assess defects & issues |
|
|
What are the 3 elements to Evaluate Solution Performance?
|
1-Understand business value that the solution delivers
2-Validate performance metrics 3-Consider solution replacement or elimination |
|
|
You are focusing your elicitation activities on gathering transition requirements. Which technique may provide the best opportunity for this activity?
|
Interface analysis - most likely technique to yeild implementation requirements that help facilitate transition from current to future state. Helps define data-mapping, security and operational requirements.
|
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Successful interviews depend on which 5 factors?
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-BA's level of understanding of the business
-BA's interviewing skill -Interviewee's readiness to provide information -Interviewee's clarity regarding business expectations from the target system -BA and interviewee rapport. |
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What are the 9 activities involved in BAPM?
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1-ID stakeholders
2-Define roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in the business analysis effort 3-Develop estimates for business analysis tasks 4-Plan BA communications 5-Plan how requirements will be approached, traced and prioritized 6-Determine deliverable the BA will produce 7-Define and determine the BA processes 8-Determine the metrics that will be used for monitoring BA work 9-Monitor and report on work performed to ensure BA effort produces expected outcomes |
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What does the BA approach describe?
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1-The overall process to perform business analysis work
2-How and when BA tasks will be performed 3-BA techniques 4-Ba deliverables |
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What should a BA do if there are existing standards regarding BA work?
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1-Make sure to review and understand
2-Tailor to the current project/initiative as appropriate |
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Requirements envisioning is associated with which approach and produces which deliverable?
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Envisioning is associated with change-driven approaches and produces a product backlog
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How are requirements defined with change-driven approaches?
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Through team interaction and gathering feedback on a working solution. In addition requirements are often documented as acceptance criteria with tests.
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What 6 project factors increase the complexisty of business analysis efforts
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-# of stakeholders
2-# of business areas affected 3-Number of business systems affected 4-amt and nature of risk 5-uniqueness of requirements 6-# of technical resources required |
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What does the BA consider regarding stakeholder attitudes?
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-Towards
1-business goals, objectives and solution approach 2-Towards business analysis 3-Towards collaboration 4-Towards the sponsor 5-Towards other team members |
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What does the business analysis plan contain?
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-description of scope of work
-deliverable WBS -Activity List -estimates for each activity and task |
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When does BA communication tend to be more formal?
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-When project is unusually large
-Domain is very complex -Technology is going to be new -Executive sponsor and/or other key stakeholders require formality -Requirements are subject to regulatory review -Requirements will be part of a RFQ/RFI or RFP |
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What are the 4 things a RMP describes?
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1-Approach to be taken to structure traceability
2-Definition of requirements attributes to be used 3-Requirements prioritization process 4-Requirements change process |
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What 6 project factors increase the complexisty of business analysis efforts
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-# of stakeholders
2-# of business areas affected 3-Number of business systems affected 4-amt and nature of risk 5-uniqueness of requirements 6-# of technical resources required |
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What does the BA consider regarding stakeholder attitudes?
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-Towards
1-business goals, objectives and solution approach 2-Towards business analysis 3-Towards collaboration 4-Towards the sponsor 5-Towards other team members |
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What does the business analysis plan contain?
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-description of scope of work
-deliverable WBS -Activity List -estimates for each activity and task |
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When does BA communication tend to be more formal?
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-When project is unusually large
-Domain is very complex -Technology is going to be new -Executive sponsor and/or other key stakeholders require formality -Requirements are subject to regulatory review -Requirements will be part of a RFQ/RFI or RFP |
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What are the 4 things a RMP describes?
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1-Approach to be taken to structure traceability
2-Definition of requirements attributes to be used 3-Requirements prioritization process 4-Requirements change process |
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The way the business need is defined determines what?
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1-What alternative solutions will be considered
2-Which stakeholders will be consulted 3-Which solution approaches will be evaluated |
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What are some examples of capabilities?
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-business processes
-features of a software app. -tasks that an end user may perform -event that a solution must be able to respond to -products -services -goals that a solution will allow SH to accomplish |
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Define feasibility study?
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It is a preliminary analysis of solution options to determine whether and how each option can provide an expected business benefit to meet the business need. Formal feasibility studies use reliable data and apply statistics and market research to id and analyze potential solution options.
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What is the purpose of defining the solution scope?
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To conceptualize the recommended solution in enough detail to enable stakeholders to understand which new business capabilties an initiative will deliver.
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What does the solution scope contain?
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1-scope of analysis
2-capabilities supported by solution components 3-capabilities to be supported by individual releases or iterations -enabling capabilities required for the organization to develop the capabilities required to meet the business need |
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Which task defines how business requirements are allocated for implementation by a project? Which task defines how stakeholder and solution requirements are allocated to solution components and releases?
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1-Define solution scope
2-Allocate requirements |
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Who is responsible for verifying that the solution behanves in accordance with the solution requirements? Who assesses and validates identified defects?
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Tester
BA |
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What are the elements of benchmarking?
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1-ID the area to be studied
2-Id organizations that are leaders in the sector 3-Conduct a survey of selected organizations to understand their practices 4-Arrange for visits to best-in-class organizations |
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What must the analyst understand using decision analysis?
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1=The values, goals and objectives that are relevant to the decision problem
2-The nature of the decision to be made 3-Areas of uncertainty that affect the decision 4-Conquences of each possible decision |
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What are the 4 possible responses for negative risk and the 3 responses for positive risk?
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1-Acceptance
2-Transfer 3-Avoidance 4-Mitigation 1-Share 2-Enhance 3-Exploit |
