Biophysics 5

Front 1

Name the liquid part of the blood

Back 1

plasma

Front 2

name the solid part of the blood

Back 2

blood cells

Front 3

name the thickener part of the blood

Back 3

proteins

Front 4

Name three features of hydrostatic circulation.

Back 4

Pressure

Buoyancy

Surface tension

Front 5

Name the 7 features of hydrodynamics

Back 5

flow

vicosity

friction

velocity

diameter

driving pressure

tension

Front 6

The pressure exerted by a column of fluid at equilibrium due to the force of gravity.

Back 6

Hydrostatic pressure

Front 7

Can fluid remain at rest under presence of shear stress?

Back 7

no

Front 8

Define Pascal's principle

Back 8

Pressure exerted anywhere in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted equally in all directions throughout the fluid such that the pressure ration remains the same.

Front 9

Name the two types of pressure machines and what they work on.

Back 9

Hydraulic - liquid based

Pneumatic - air based

Front 10

How do the pressure machines work?

Back 10

They apply pressure to a gas/liquid which moves the power from where it is produced to where it is needed.

Front 11

What leads to the formation of a meniscus in capillaries?

Back 11

Surface tension effect

Front 12

What is a drop?

Back 12

A small column of liquid bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces held together by surface tension - aerodynamics.

Front 13

Define the shape of capillary attraction and repulsion.

Back 13

Attraction - u

Repulsiom - n

Front 14

What is movement due to applied force called?

Back 14

Flow

Front 15

Does flow work on both compressible and incompressible fluids?

Back 15

Yes

Front 16

What can cause change in density?

Back 16

Temperature and pressure

Front 17

What is viscosity?

Back 17

Resistance of a gas or liquid to change in shape.

Front 18

What is the difference between laminar and turbulent flow?

Back 18

Laminar (Stokes)

Dominated by viscous forces, smooth, constant fluid motion.

Turbulent

Inertial forces, tend to produce chaotic eddies, vortices and other flow instabilities.

Front 19

What is force dependent on viscosity that resists the sliding or rolling of one object by another called?

Back 19

Friction

Front 20

What can friction often result in?

Back 20

Conversion of energy to heat.

Front 21

What is Pouseille's law?

Back 21

The flow of newtonian fluid through pipe of constant diameter which is smaller than the length of the pipe.

Front 22

What is the speed at which fluid flows called?

Back 22

Velocity

Front 23

Compare Laminar and Turbulent flow.

Back 23

Laminar

Fast, with minimal diffusion. Major blood vessels.

Turbulent

Slow, enhanced diffusion. Minor blood vessels.

Front 24

Describe the volume of a fluid in a closed circuit.

Back 24

At any given time the volume of fluid travelling in a closed circuit is constant.

Front 25

What is the volume of the flow directly proportional to and reversely proportional to?

Back 25

Proportional to - diameter of the pipe and applied pressure.

Reversely proportional to - viscosity and friction.

Front 26

What is the effect of a decrease in pipe diameter on newtonian fluids?

Back 26

Increase in flow velocity.

Front 27

Describe Bernoulli's principle.

Back 27

For an inviscid flow, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simulatneously with a decrease in dynamic (transmural) pressure or a decrease in the fluids potential energy.

Front 28

Define the Laplace Equation

Back 28

Tension in the wall of a hollow cylinder is directly proportional to the cylinders radius and the pressure across the wall caused by the flow inside (driving pressure).

Front 29

Describe the principal of the conservation laws.

Back 29

A particle measurable property of an isolated physical system does not change as the system evolves.

Front 30

Conservation of mass

Back 30

the mass of a closed system will remain constant over time

Front 31

conservation of linear momentum

(newtons second law of motion)

Back 31

the total momentum of a closed system of objects is constant.

Front 32

Conservation of energy

(first law of thermodynmaics)

Back 32

the total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time.

Front 33

Define a pump

Back 33

a device that expands energy in order to raise, transport or compress fluids.

Front 34

Define pipe

Back 34

device that separates a fluid from its surroundings

Front 35

Describe peristaltic pump movement.

Back 35

Rotating roller repeatedly squeezes a flexible tube to gently push the contents of the fluid forward.

Front 36

Describe the movement of a piston pump

Back 36

As the piston moves the pressure in the pump increases.

This opens the outlet valve which allows the contents to flow out.

As the contents moves out the pressure drops, opening the inlet valve to allow more liquid to pump in.

Front 37

How does a centrifugal pump work?

Back 37

Uses an impeller to move fluid.

Front 38

What causes blood to circulate?

Back 38

Pressure gradient.

Front 39

Name three properties of capillaries.

Back 39

packets of blood cells

low pressure

slow movement

Front 40

Name two types of veins according to position?

Back 40

surface veins

deep veins

Front 41

Valve

Back 41

a device governing directional flow of fluid

Front 42

Gauge

Back 42

Arterial baroreceptors and low pressure baroreceptors.