Biology B1 Ocr Gateway

Front 1

What does healthy mean?

Back 1

Healthy means being free from illness and disease.

Front 2

What does fit mean?

Back 2

Fit is a measure of how well you can preform physical activities/tasks

Front 3

What does fitness measure?

Back 3

Fitness measures strength, agility, speed and flexibility.

Front 4

What is stamina a good indication of?

Back 4

Cardiovascular efficiency

Front 5

What is cardiovascular efficiency?

Back 5

The ability of the heart to supply the muscles with oxygen

Front 6

How can Cardiovascular can be tested by measuring what?

Back 6

Oxygen uptake during exercise and blood pressure

Front 7

The blood pressure is at its highest when the heart contracts- this is at what pressure?

Back 7

Systolic pressure

Front 8

When the heart relaxes, the blood pressure is at its lowest - this is what pressure?

Back 8

Diastolic pressure

Front 9

Blood pressure is measured in what?

Back 9

mm of mercury (mmHg)

Front 10

What should a healthy persons diastolic reading be?

Back 10

85

Front 11

What should a healthy persons systolic reading be?

Back 11

135

Front 12

Name some factors that can increase your blood pressure?

Back 12

1. smoking

2. too much alcohol

3. being overweight

4. under lots of stress

Front 13

Smoking can increase blood pressure because it has two nasty chemicals. What are they and tell me how they increase blood pressure?

Back 13

1. carbon monoxide- this combines with the haemoglobin in the red blood cells which reduces the amount of oxygen they an carry. to make up for this, the heart rate has to increase.

2. Nicotine- this increase heart rate/ same principle.

Front 14

What is a thrombosis?

Back 14

It is a blood clot

Front 15

What do carbohydrates supply?

Back 15

Energy

Front 16

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Back 16

simple sugars like glucose

Front 17

Where are carbohydrates stored?

Back 17

They are stored in the liver or converted to fat

Front 18

What are fats made up of?

Back 18

They are made up of fatty acids and glycerol.

Front 19

Where are fats stored?

Back 19

They can be stored under the skin and around the organs as adipose tissues

Front 20

What do proteins supply?

Back 20

They supply growth and repair of tissue, and to provide energy in emergencies

Front 21

What are proteins made up of?

Back 21

They are made up of amino acids

Front 22

Where are proteins stored?

Back 22

They don't get stored

Front 23

Eating little protein can cause what disease?

Back 23

Kwashiorkor

Front 24

In developing countries many people have diets that are two low in protein. What are the two main reasons for this?

Back 24

1. Overpopulation- means the demand for protein rich food is greater than the amount available- so not everyone gets enough.

2. There is not enough money to invest in agriculture- without the best farming techniques it is difficult to produce protein food for everyone.

Front 25

What is the formula for calculating a person's EAR- estimated average requirement?

Back 25

EAR= 0.6 X body mass (kg)

Front 26

Some psychological disorders e.g anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can cause under nutrition. Describe these disorders?

Back 26

Anorexia nervosa leads to self starvation. Bulimia nervosa involves bouts of binge eating, followed by self induced vomiting.

Front 27

How do you work out someone's BMI?

Back 27

BMI= body mass(kg)/ (height) squared

Front 28

What are the four types of pathogens?

Back 28

Fungi, bacteria, virus and protozoa

Front 29

Give examples of fungi

Back 29

Athlete's foot

Front 30

Give examples of bacteria

Back 30

cholera

Front 31

Give examples of viruses

Back 31

flu

Front 32

Give example of protozoa

Back 32

dysentery