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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the abdominal cavity
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area btw thoracic diaphragm and pelvic diagphram is the abdominopelvic cavity
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which are the thoracic cage, abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity? What separates them?
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green=thoracic cage
pink=abdominal cavity plue=pelvic cavity rib1 to diaphragm=thoracic diaphragm to pelvis=abdomen (though these are continuous |
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label the the following:
illiac crest iliac tubercle anterior superior iliac spine pubic tubercle pubic crest pectineal line pubic symphasis |
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where is the pubic tubercle, symphasis, crest, pectinate line, arcuate line again?
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label iliac crest, iliac fossa and ASIS again?
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name the layers from skin to abdominal cavity
11 total |
epidermis
dermis superficial fascia camper's scarpa's external abdominal oblique (and fascia) internal abdominal oblique (and fascia) transversus abdominis (and fascia) transversalis fascia extraperitoneal fat parietal peritoneum |
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name the corresponding thoracic layers
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function of abs
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support, protect, maintain pressure by opposing diaphragm, or use to cough/pee if close throat
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what is the outermost ab muscle and how are the fibers oriented?
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external abdominal oblique, hands in pocket
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what is the middle ab muscle and how is it oriented ?
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internal abdominal oblique
perpendicular to the external abdominal obliques, sometimes looks radial |
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what is the innermost ab muscle and how is it oriented?
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transversus abdominis
horizontal fibers has it's own fascia transversalis fascia |
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Draw a line to:
an aponeurosis the inguinal ligament rectus sheath arcuate line of douglas tendinous intersections of RA linea alba |
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where does the inguinal ligament start and end?
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from ASIS to pubic tubercle
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What is the ing. lig formed by?
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the free inferior edge of the the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique
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What attaches onto the inguinal ligament?
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the inner abdominal obliques
the transversus abdominis |
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What is the rectus sheath? and what is it formed by?
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connective tissue sleeve encloses RA and its vasculature
formed aponeuroses of EAO, IAO, TA |
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What is the Acruate line (of douglas)?
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the end of the posterior part of the rectus sheath-now all three layers are anterior to the muscle (no sleeve on the inner side of the rectus muscles
-half way btw umbilicum and pubic symphasis |
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What is the rectus abdominis?
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the center "six pack" muscle group
has vertical fibers |
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What are the thoracoabdominal nerves?
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anterior parts of the T7-T11 intercostal nerves
anterior parts of the T12 subcostal *both of these come off of the ventral rami of that spinal nerve |
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what two abdominal nerves come off of L1?
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iliohypogastric (superior branch) and ilioinguinal (inferior branch)
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What do the somatic and visceral divisions of the ventral rami do for the ant abdomen ?
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SOMATIC
GSE(somatic efferent): motor to all muscles of ab wall GSA(somatic afferent): sensory from all skin and muscles of the ab wall VISCERAL: GVE(sympathetic): to skin of the ab wall: sweat, oil, arector pili |
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where do the thoracoabdominal nerves run in the thoracic wall?
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between 2 and 3 of three layers
the internal abdomen oblique and the Transversus abdominis (just like how the intercostals run btw the internal and innermost) |
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where do the superior epigastric vessels originate? where do they go?
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the superior epigastric vessels originate from the internal thoracic vessels
-they descend from thorax to the abdomen |
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where do the inferior epigastric vessels originate? where do they go?
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originate in external iliac vessels and move upward to the abdomen
SEV and IEV anastamose in the rectus sheath |
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label the deep, superficial inguinal rings
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note that the inguinal ring is superior to the inguinal ligament
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what does the inguinal ring contain?
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males: spermatic cord
females: round ligament of the uterus |
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how do the indifferent gonads begin?
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begin embedded in the extraperitoneal fat on the posterior abdominal wall
*connected to the anterior wall far below by the gubernaculum, a string of connective tissue |
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what becomes of the gubernaculum?
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women: gubernaculum attaches the horns of the uterus to the labia majora (ovaries stay in pelvis)
men: the testicular ligament secures the testes to the inferior part of the scrotum (testes follow gubernaculus to descend into the scrotum) |
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What is the first layer the testes pull with them in their embryonic descent?
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parietal peritoneum ( process vaginalis )
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what do the testes never bring with them?
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the transversus abdominis stays because they pass inferior to its border(very innermost muscle layer is below the path)
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The peritoneum connection degenerates leaving what behind?
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the tunica vaginalis
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show the scrotal/testicular ligament in red. What does it do?
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it connects the testes to the scrotum (was the gubernaculum)
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what happens to the abdominal wall with descent?
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what happens to the abdominal wall with descent?
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what is an indirect inguinal hernia?
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watch and wait, may need surgery
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what are the coverings (s-->deep) of the testes?
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external spermatic fascia (from EAO aponeurosis)
cremaster muscle and fascia (from IAO muscle and fascia) internal spermatic fascia (from transversalis fascia) *note there is no TA derivative |
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What are the contents of the spermatic cord?
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testicular artery (straight) and winding pampiniform plexus around it (coolant)
-vas deferens (transport sperm to epididymis) |
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Match the terms to the diagram
tunica vaginalis tunica albuginia seminiferous tubules epididymis |
tunica vaginalis-pink outline from parietal peritoneum remains, now has visceral and parietal layers and serous fluid btw)
tunica albuginia-light blue deepest fibrous layer seminiferous tubules inside sectors, string like smallest unit of sperm production epididymis: sits on testes, tail continuous with vas deferens |
