Since women are typically socialized into expressive roles and males into instrumental roles, females tend to gravitate towards supportive roles, whereas men gravitate towards task-oriented roles (Mooney, L.A., Knox, D., & Schacht, C.. 2015, pp. 316). This tends to play out where the male is a supervisor and female is the subordinate. This may also be due to women facing the “motherhood penalty,” where women find their career advancement opportunities to be affected negatively by the decision to start a family and take medical leave (Mooney, et al, 2015, pp. 321). An additional reason for the gap may be due to the fact many women feel their performance value is recognized less than their male counterparts. Job descriptions and performance evaluations rarely take into account “emotional work,” which includes caring for, negotiating, and empathizing with people (Mooney, et al, 2015, pp. 322). These skills are critical for leadership positions but are often overlooked, as they are not task-oriented or easy to measure. By ignoring the value of emotional work, some females are passed over for
Since women are typically socialized into expressive roles and males into instrumental roles, females tend to gravitate towards supportive roles, whereas men gravitate towards task-oriented roles (Mooney, L.A., Knox, D., & Schacht, C.. 2015, pp. 316). This tends to play out where the male is a supervisor and female is the subordinate. This may also be due to women facing the “motherhood penalty,” where women find their career advancement opportunities to be affected negatively by the decision to start a family and take medical leave (Mooney, et al, 2015, pp. 321). An additional reason for the gap may be due to the fact many women feel their performance value is recognized less than their male counterparts. Job descriptions and performance evaluations rarely take into account “emotional work,” which includes caring for, negotiating, and empathizing with people (Mooney, et al, 2015, pp. 322). These skills are critical for leadership positions but are often overlooked, as they are not task-oriented or easy to measure. By ignoring the value of emotional work, some females are passed over for