For my anatomy class I was asked to write a paper of how a body system of my choice affects the other body systems. I chose the endocrine system, it is made up of many different glands, but every gland still does a part in making sure that organs in the other body systems are well balanced. I liked the endocrine system when we went over it in class and thought it would be an excellent choice. Especially since most of it has to do with the brain and I love to study the brain. I will cover all the endocrine glands and many of the hormones they produce in this paper.
The Endocrine glands carry secretions called hormones that are mediator molecules that are released into certain part of the body to control the cells in that part of the body, most of the hormones are secreted into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells. The endocrine glands consist of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands. There are also glands that are not exclusively classified as endocrine glands these are the hypothalamus, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, testes, kidneys, stomach, liver, small intestine, skin, heart, adipose tissue, and placenta.
Hormones are a huge part of the endocrine system, they are transported all over the body but only affect certain cells. Only target cells are given a specific receptor that bind and recognize certain hormones. Hormones regulate themselves using up and down regulation. Up regulation is when a hormone is deficient and the number of receptors may increase and when the hormone is present in excess it will make the number of target cell receptors less. Most endocrine hormones are circulating hormones meaning they pass from secretory cells and into interstitial fluid and go from there into the blood. These are also called paracrine. Many others are local hormones that act on the neighboring cells (the ones that first secreted them). These are called autocrine. Hormones are also classified into two different classes. The first class is liquid soluble hormones, this category includes steroid hormones which are derived from cholesterol, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), and Nitric oxide which is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. These are transported in blood plasma in a free form, but most are transported by transport proteins. The next category are the water soluble hormones this group is formed by Amine hormones, peptide and protein hormones, and eicosanoid hormones. Hormones are released in short bursts, with little or no secretions between bursts, most times when stimulated endocrine gland will release its hormones in more frequent bursts. Increase the concentration of the hormone in the blood. Regulation prevents overproduction or underproduction. Many signals from the nervous system also help tell the endocrine glands when they should stop or start production of hormones. Another signal is chemical changes of the blood or other hormones. The hypothalamus produces the antidiuretic hormone which affects the kidneys which is part of the urinary system. The hypothalamus also plays a part in the female reproduction system. The hypothalamus sends Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) or prolactin-inhibiting hormone to the anterior pituitary to stimulate breast milk production. The hypothalamus also affects the female and male reproductive system by using Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release another hormone FSH and LH which works together to ensure that the ovaries and testes are working regularly. The thyroid is another gland in the endocrine system. Located behind the larynx. It is composed of right …show more content…
I will list some examples of how it works without people really thinking about it. The endocrine system provides a lot of the hormones that are needed for growth. Especially in puberty when the ovaries and testes are starting to develop. The endocrine system is needed when you’re diabetic. The pancreas produces one of the major hormones that affects diabetes, insulin. Diabetics may not produce insulin or produce too much so they may need to control their glucose levels. Which may be too high requiring insulin to lower it or if it is too low more food or glucose to raise it. The endocrine system also like above plays a huge part in the immune system with the thymus. The endocrine system really helps the entire body running in tip top
The Endocrine glands carry secretions called hormones that are mediator molecules that are released into certain part of the body to control the cells in that part of the body, most of the hormones are secreted into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells. The endocrine glands consist of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands. There are also glands that are not exclusively classified as endocrine glands these are the hypothalamus, thymus, pancreas, ovaries, testes, kidneys, stomach, liver, small intestine, skin, heart, adipose tissue, and placenta.
Hormones are a huge part of the endocrine system, they are transported all over the body but only affect certain cells. Only target cells are given a specific receptor that bind and recognize certain hormones. Hormones regulate themselves using up and down regulation. Up regulation is when a hormone is deficient and the number of receptors may increase and when the hormone is present in excess it will make the number of target cell receptors less. Most endocrine hormones are circulating hormones meaning they pass from secretory cells and into interstitial fluid and go from there into the blood. These are also called paracrine. Many others are local hormones that act on the neighboring cells (the ones that first secreted them). These are called autocrine. Hormones are also classified into two different classes. The first class is liquid soluble hormones, this category includes steroid hormones which are derived from cholesterol, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), and Nitric oxide which is both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. These are transported in blood plasma in a free form, but most are transported by transport proteins. The next category are the water soluble hormones this group is formed by Amine hormones, peptide and protein hormones, and eicosanoid hormones. Hormones are released in short bursts, with little or no secretions between bursts, most times when stimulated endocrine gland will release its hormones in more frequent bursts. Increase the concentration of the hormone in the blood. Regulation prevents overproduction or underproduction. Many signals from the nervous system also help tell the endocrine glands when they should stop or start production of hormones. Another signal is chemical changes of the blood or other hormones. The hypothalamus produces the antidiuretic hormone which affects the kidneys which is part of the urinary system. The hypothalamus also plays a part in the female reproduction system. The hypothalamus sends Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) or prolactin-inhibiting hormone to the anterior pituitary to stimulate breast milk production. The hypothalamus also affects the female and male reproductive system by using Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary to release another hormone FSH and LH which works together to ensure that the ovaries and testes are working regularly. The thyroid is another gland in the endocrine system. Located behind the larynx. It is composed of right …show more content…
I will list some examples of how it works without people really thinking about it. The endocrine system provides a lot of the hormones that are needed for growth. Especially in puberty when the ovaries and testes are starting to develop. The endocrine system is needed when you’re diabetic. The pancreas produces one of the major hormones that affects diabetes, insulin. Diabetics may not produce insulin or produce too much so they may need to control their glucose levels. Which may be too high requiring insulin to lower it or if it is too low more food or glucose to raise it. The endocrine system also like above plays a huge part in the immune system with the thymus. The endocrine system really helps the entire body running in tip top