• Explain The Difference Between Insulin And Glucagon

Both insulin and glucagon work together towards a balanced body metabolism, however, they are divided into the opposite function: insulin supports anabolic reactions while glucagon, catabolic reactions. They are released from the pancreas and controlled in the brain by the pituitary gland. Insulin has many functions, it signals a state of energy abundance, promotes of amino and glucose acid absorption to various tissues from the blood as well as stimulation of anabolic processes such as glycogen, protein and lipid synthesis, which are stored in muscles and fat tissues. Insulin activates synthesis of triglycerides from free fatty acids. This process happening via two mechanisms; regulation of various lipase enzymes and activation of glucose transport into …show more content…
A presence of insulin in the brain, through a hypothalamus, reduces feeling of the hunger. In some circumstances overdosed consumption of carbohydrates may lead to high insulin levels, also to body resistance to it. This creates an excess of blood sugar in the form of body fat as well as increased risk of diabetes, cancer, etc. Glucagon has opposing effects to insulin. It releases glucose from glycogen and stimulates of gluconeogenesis, which is a process when glucagon binds to the glucagon receptors, the liver cells convert the glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream. When these supplies become exhausted, glucagon encourages the liver and kidney to synthesize increased amount of glucose by a process known as gluconeogenesis. It also regulates (induces) the rate of glucose production via lipolysis and releases stored triglycerides to fatty acids. The balance between insulin and glucagon results with undisturbed metabolism and provides a stable inner metabolic homeostasis across the body. The hormones, T3, also called triiodothyronine, and its prohormone, T4, also called thyroxine, are hormones produced by the thyroid