Pathophysiology And Alteration In Case Study

All humans are designed with two types of immunity; innate and adaptive. The innate immune system can distinguish between different classes of pathogens and recruit the most effective form of adaptive immune response to eliminate them. Adaptive responses are a response that the body adapts to certain injuries or insults. Innate responses are non-specific to the insult. Unlike innate immune responses, the adaptive responses are highly specific to the particular pathogen that induced them (Alberts et al, 2004). Injured tissue cells release chemicals that cause inflammation called “chemical mediators of inflammation.” These chemicals primarily produce their effects in the localized areas where they are released (Alberts et al, 2004). It is extremely important that health care professionals are familiar with innate and adaptive responses to correctly treat the condition and symptoms a presenting patient may be experiencing.
Pathophysiology and Alteration in Case Study #1 …show more content…
When bacteria is introduced to the body it can stimulate an immune response (Huether & McCance, 2017). Normally there is normal flora that prevents the bacteria from attacking the host. However, for many reasons the protective mechanism may be ineffective and then the body reacts to the virus or bacteria antigen. The virus or bacteria is the antigen that activates the complement system. The activation of the complement system causes the release of cytokines. The cytokines are the mediators responsible for the symptoms the child is experiencing. The cytokines that are specifically responsible for the symptoms are prostaglandins. The release of prostaglandins causes pain, fever and inflammation of the tonsillar tissue. When released prostaglandins are able to reset the temperature control center in the brain thus, resulting in a