Community Resilience: Collaboration Between State And Local Governments

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When a catastrophic disaster occurs, achieving and sustaining community resilience is the concentration and primary concern of the nation, states, citizens, and businesses. However, to achieve the goal of building communities that are resilient to disasters requires a collaborative effort. Disasters always occur at the local level. The local government sustains control of the total available resources used in the post disaster response and recovery efforts, regardless of the source of the assets they may have. Local governments must plan and prepare for this role with the support of the State and Federal governments. However, the issue is federal, state, and local governments are not always united and many agencies within their specified level may choose not to collaborate well. This ultimately, makes it extremely difficult to adequately organize the distribution of resources, goods, and services across jurisdictional boundaries. When rivalries exist between different emergency management offices at the local level or trust and respect is not shared amongst the federal, state, and local level it prevents effective communication and damages the community response to recover.
When it comes to post disaster response coordination government cannot manage it alone. Collaboration between the public and private sectors can assist in providing different skill sets, knowledge, resources, and funding. Collaboration between the public and private sector is imperative to shape communities that are resilient to disaster. Whether it is an earthquake, flood, volcano eruption, sinkhole, or landslide, just to name a few; building a more resilient community can be sustained through effective collaboration and communication. When a severe disaster strikes and together the local and State governments are unable to provide the needed resources, then the Federal government becomes the foundation for those resources. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is the Federal agency that coordinates the activation and implementation of the Federal Response Plan (FRP), so the states work with FEMA to access Federal programs and support. In building community resilience FEMA is definitely not the only source but it is such an fundamental source. Nonetheless, FEMA is a key player in promoting community, resilience, collaboration and planning. When a disaster occurs there is a lack of the coordination of resources. For example, in 2005, the natural disaster, Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans. FEMA summonsed an oil reserve that was planned for the Red Cross. As a result, the Red Cross did not have the gas needed to carry out its post disaster response duties. However, if better planning and implementation had occurred this situation could have been avoided. “In 2009-2010 the H1N1 virus caused a pandemic is now a regular human flu virus and continues to circulate seasonally worldwide” (CDC, 2010) rapidly overwhelmed the limited time and
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Recognizing the associated roles for the federal, state, and local governments, non-profits, private sectors, as well as faith based, and community based orgazations community resilience can be achieved. If a commitment is made to effectively communicate, respect, share, and work together relent communities will be established. Getting past the barriers of community residence is definitely no easy task. Federal agencies such as The Department of Health and Human Services (DHS) or FEMA and even organizations such a Red Cross or Aidmatrix alone, cannot single handily control building community resilience. It involves a collaborative effort amongst all

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