Nasm Ces : Ch 6

Front 1

Each joint region has a specific ____ , that it produces based on its____, as well as the joints ____ it.

Back 1

Biomechanical motion.

Structure & function.

Above & below it.

Hint 1

BSA.

Front 2

When the specific motion deviates from its normal path, it is considered a

Back 2

Compensation & can be used to presume possible HMS impairments (muscle imbalances).

Hint 2

CUP.

Front 3

What are 7 examples of transitional movement assessments?

Back 3

Single leg squat.

Upper extremity asse.

Star balance excursion.

Push-up. OH squat.

Standing cable row.

Standing OH dumbbell press.

Hint 3

SUS POSS

Front 4

What is the OH squat assessment design to assess?

Back 4

Core strength.

Overall NM control.

Balance.

Dynamic flexibility.

Hint 4

COBD.

Front 5

What has the OH squat assessment appeared to be a reliable and valid measure of when standard protocols are applied?

Back 5

Lower extremity movement patterns.

Hint 5

Down.

Front 6

What assessment has been shown to reflect lower extremity movement patterns during jumping landing tasks?

Back 6

The OH squat assessment.

Front 7

Knee valgus during the OH squad test is influenced by decreased ____, increased ____, & restricted ____.

Back 7

D : hip abductor & hip external rotation strength.

I : hip adductor activity.

R : ankle dorsiflexion.

Hint 7

HH H A.

Front 8

These increased, decreased, & restricted results suggest that the movement impairments observed during the OH squat assessment may be the result of alterations in ____ , that can Point toward people with an elevated injury risk.

Back 8

Available joint motion.

Muscle activation.

Overall NM control.

Hint 8

AMO

Front 9

What position should wanna be in before starting the OH squat assessment?

Back 9

Shoes off.

Feet shoulders-width the part, pointed straightahead.

Foot/ankle complex in neutral position.

Arms raised OH, elbows fully extended.

Upper arm bisecting the torso.

Hint 9

SFFAU.

Front 10

What is the movement to be performed in the OH squat assessment?

Back 10

Squat to ~~ the height of the chair & return to starting position.

Repeat the movement for 5 reps, observing from each position (anterior, lateral, posterior).

Hint 10

SR.

Front 11

When Viewing the feet, ankles, & knees in the anterior view for the OH squat the

Back 11

Feet should remain straight with the knees tracking in line with the foot (2nd & 3rd toes)

Hint 11

FSK.

Front 12

Viewing the LPHC, shoulder, & cervical complex laterally

Back 12

Tibia & arms should remain in line with the torso.

Hint 12

TA

Front 13

Viewing the foot/ankle complex & the LPHC posteriorly (back)

Back 13

Foot/ankle complex will demonstrate slight pronation, but the arch of the foot will remain visible.

Feet should remain straight with heels in contact with the ground.

LPHC should not shift from side-side.

Hint 13

FDP.

FSH.

SS.

Front 14

Compensations of the OH squat : anterior view

Back 14

Feet : flatten &/or turn out?

Knees : move inward (adduct/internally rotate).

Move out word (abduct/externally rotate)

Hint 14

2 Feet & 2 knees.

Front 15

Compensations of the OH squat : lateral view

Back 15

LPHC : low back arch (excessive spinal extension).

Low back around (excessive spinal flexion)?

Lean excessively forward?

Shoulder : arms fall forward?

Hint 15

3 LPHC & shoulder

Front 16

Compensations of OH squat : posterior view

Back 16

Feet : flatten (excessive pronation)?

Heels rise off floor?

LPHC : asymmetric weight shift?

Hint 16

Feet 2 & LPHC

Front 17

What are 2 modifications to the OH squat assessment?

Back 17

Elevating the heels.

Hands on hips.

Front 18

What are the 2 primary things elevating the heels during the OH squat do?

Back 18

Places the foot/ankle complex in plantarflexion.

Alters the clients COG.

Hint 18

Driving foot.

What keeps us on the ground.

Front 19

Elevating the heels places the foot/ankle complex in plantarflexion during the OH squat assessment, which

Back 19

Decreases the stretch (extensibility) required from the plantarflexor muscles (gast. & soleus).

Hint 19

SRP.

Front 20

Elevating the heels alters the clients COG by

Back 20

Decreasing the base of support (less or shorter contact surface of the foot on the ground) & shifting the COG forward.

Hint 20

BLCF.

Front 21

When the COG is moved forward, it allows the individual to sit

Back 21

More upright or lean back more.

Hint 21

UL

Front 22

When the heels are elevated there is less forward lean, which leads to

Back 22

Less hip flexion needed.

Less emphasis placed on the LPHC.

Hint 22

LHLE.

Front 23

The modification elevating the heels for the OH squat assessment allows the health and fitness professional to see the influence the

Back 23

Foot & ankle has on the individuals deviations.

Hint 23

FID

Front 24

If an individuals knees move inward during the OH squad assessment, but the compensation is corrected after elevating the heels, then the primary region that most likely needs to be addressed is

Back 24

The foot & ankle complex.

Hint 24

Socks

Front 25

If the knee still moves inward after the heels are elevated, then the primary region that most likely needs to be addressed is

Back 25

The hip.

Front 26

Placing their hands on the hips directly removes the stretch placed on the ____, and requires less demand from the ____.

Back 26

Coracobrachialis.

Pectoralis major/minor.

Latissimus dorsi.

LD : intrinsic core stabilizers.

Hint 26

CPPL.

IC.

Front 27

Hands on hips during the OH squad assessment allows their health and fitness professional to see the influence the

Back 27

Upper body has on the individuals compensations.

Hint 27

UC.

Front 28

If an individuals low back arches during the OH squad assessment, but the compensation is corrected when performing the squat with hands on the hips, then the primary regions that most likely needs to be addressed are the

Back 28

Latissimus dorsi.

Pectoral muscles.

Hint 28

LP

Front 29

If the compensation still exist after the individual puts their hands on their hips during OH squat, then the primary regions that most likely need to be stretched include the ____, & the regions they need to be strengthened are the ____.

Back 29

Stretched : Hip flexor regions.

Strengthened : hips & intrinsic core stabilizers.

Hint 29

H.

HI.

Front 30

What is the purpose of the single leg squat assessment?

Back 30

Course strength.

Overall NM control.

Balance.

Dynamic flexibility.

Hint 30

COBD

Front 31

The single leg squat assessment appears to be a reliable and valid measure of

Back 31

Lower extremity movement patterns when standard application protocols are applied.

Hint 31

LSA.

Front 32

Knee valgus during the single leg squat has been shown to be influenced by decreased ____, increased ____, & restricted ____.

Back 32

D : hip abductor & hip external rotation strength.

I : hip adductor activity.

R : ankle dorsiflexion.

Hint 32

HH. H. A.

Same as OH squat.

Front 33

The decreased, increased, and restricted results of the single leg squat assessment suggest that the movement impairments observed during this transitional movements assessment may be the result of alterations in

Back 33

Available joint motion.

Muscle activation.

Overall NM control.

Hint 33

AMO. Same as OH squat.

Front 34

What is the position you should be in during the single leg squat assessment?

Back 34

Hands on hips, eyes focused on an object straightahead.

Foot pointed straightahead and the foot, ankle, knee, and LPHC in neutral position.

Hint 34

HE.

FAKL.

Front 35

What movement should be done during the single leg squat assessment?

Back 35

Squat to a comfortable level & return to the starting position.

Perform up to 5 reps before switching sides.

Hint 35

SR.

PS.

Front 36

Viewing the knee, LPHC, & shoulders anteriorly : single leg squat

Back 36

Knee should track in line with the foot (2nd & 3rd toes).

LPHC & shoulders should remain level & face straightahead.

Hint 36

KT.

LSL.

Front 37

Single leg squat compensations : Knee & LPHC

Back 37

Knee move inward (adduct/internally rotated)?

LPHC : hip hike? Hip drop?

Torso rotate inward?

Torso rotate outward?

Hint 37

Knee & 4 LPHC.

Front 38

What is the purpose of the push-up assessment?

Back 38

It evaluates the function of the LPHC & the scapular & cervical spine stabilizers.

Hint 38

ELF SC

Front 39

What position should you be in for the push-up assessment?

What is the modified position?

Back 39

Prone position.

Hands shoulder width apart & knees fully extended.

Mod : knees on the floor.

Hint 39

PHK

Front 40

What movement should be performed during the push-up assessment?

Back 40

Push against the floor, displace thorax backwards until the Scapulae are in a position of protraction.

Move slowly & consistently (2-0-2 speed per rep).

Perform 10 reps.

Hint 40

DTSP

SC

Front 41

What should you view during the push-up assessment?

Back 41

Knees, LPHC, shoulders, cervical spine from this side.

The body should lift as 1 functional unit.

Hint 41

KLSC.

Together.

Front 42

What are compensations for the push-up assessment?

LPHC, Shoulders, & Head/Cervical spine :

Back 42

LPHC : Low back sag?

Low back round?

Shoulder : shoulders elevate? Scapula wing (lift away from the cage)?

Head/CS : head migrate forward?

Front 43

What is the purpose of the pulling assessment?

Back 43

It evaluates the function of the LPHC & the scapular & cervical spine stabilizers.

Hint 43

LSC.

Front 44

What position should you be in for the pulling assessment?

Back 44

Stand in a staggered stance with toes pointing forward.

Hint 44

One in front of the other.

Front 45

What movement should be performed during the pulling assessment?

Back 45

View from the side.

Pull handles toward body & return to starting position.

Lumbar & cervical spine should remain neutral with shoulders level.

Perform 10 reps in a controlled fashion using 2-0-2 tempo.

Hint 45

VPLCP

Front 46

Compensations for the pulling assessment : standing rows :

low back, shoulders, & Head

Back 46

LB : low back arch?

Shoulders : shoulders elevate?

Head : head migrate forward?

Front 47

What is the purpose of the pressing assessment : standing OH dumbbell press?

Back 47

It evaluates the function of the LPHC, scapular stabilizers, & cervical spine stabilizers.

And shoulder ROM.

Front 48

What position did you be in for the pressing assessment?

Back 48

Stand with feet shoulders width apart & toes pointing forward.

Choose dumbbell weights that you can perform 10 reps comfortably.

Hint 48

SC

Front 49

What movement should be performed during the pressing assessment?

Back 49

View from the anterior & lateral positions.

Press the dumbbells OH & return to starting position.

Lumbar & cervical spine should remain neutral.

Shoulders stay level & arms bisect the ears.

Perform 10 reps in a controlled fashion using 2-0-2 tempo.

Hint 49

VPLSP

Front 50

What movement should be performed during the pressing assessment?

Back 50

View from the anterior & lateral positions.

Press the dumbbells OH & return to starting position.

Lumbar & cervical spine should remain neutral.

Shoulders stay level & arms bisect the ears.

Perform 10 reps in a controlled fashion using 2-0-2 tempo.

Hint 50

VPLSP

5 steps

Front 51

What are the compensations for the pressing assessment?

Low back, shoulders, head

Back 51

LB : Low back arch?

Shoulders : shoulders elevate?

Arms migrate forward?

Elbows flex?

Head : head migrate forward?

Hint 51

3 head, 1 LB & Head

Front 52

What is the purpose of the star balance excursion test?

Back 52

It measures multiplanar balance & NM efficiency of the testing leg during closed chain functional movements.

Hint 52

MBN.

CF.

Front 53

What position should you be in for the star balance excursion test?

Back 53

Stand on the testing leg.

Squat down as far as you can control with the knee aligned in a neutral position (balance threshold).

Hint 53

S SKB

Front 54

Balance threshold

Back 54

The distance one can squat down on one leg while keeping the knee aligned in the neutral position (in line with the 2nd & 3rd toes).

Hint 54

DSK

Front 55

What movement should be performed in the star balance excursions test?

Back 55

Reach with the opposite leg in the sagittal, frontal, & transverse planes while trying to maintain balance.

Hint 55

RP

Front 56

What movement should be performed during the shoulder flexion text?

Back 56

The elbows are extended with thumbs up.

Straight arms are extended straight up toward the wall.

Hint 56

ET.

Sw.

Front 57

What is the goal of the shoulder flexion test?

Back 57

To touch the thumbs up against the wall with no compensatory movements (shrugging or increasing lumbar lordosis).

Hint 57

TWC.

Front 58

Compensations of the horizontal abduction test : shoulders & elbows :

Back 58

Shoulders elevate?

Shoulders protract?

Elbows flex?

Hint 58

2 shoulders & 1 elbow.

Front 59

Compensations for the rotation test : shoulders & hands :

Back 59

Shoulders elevate (internal rotation)?

Shoulders protract (internal rotation)?

Hands far from the wall (internal & external rotation)?

Hint 59

2 shoulders & 1 hands.

Front 60

Compensations for shoulder flexion test : shoulders, low back, & elbows :

Back 60

Shoulders elevate?

Low back arch?

Elbows flex?

Hint 60

1 for each

Front 61

What are the 4 types of dynamic postural assessments?

Back 61

Gait.

Landing error scoring system (LESS) test.

Tuck jump test.

Davies test.

Hint 61

GLTD

Front 62

What is the purpose of gait : treadmill walking?

Back 62

To assess ones dynamic posture during ambulation.

Hint 62

D emergency vehicle.

Front 63

What is the health & fitness professional to assess during the start balance excursion test?

Back 63

Which plane of motion the individual has the least amount of control (cannot maintain balance or knee moves inward).

Hint 63

PM Hard to do.

Front 64

Knowing which plane of motion the individual has the least amount of control in helps to determine

Back 64

Which plane of motion may need to be emphasized in the individuals corrective exercise strategy.

Hint 64

PEC

Front 65

What is the purpose of the upper extremity transitional assessment?

Back 65

To determine any specific movement deficits in the shoulder complex.

Hint 65

SMS

Front 66

The upper extremity transitional assessment includes what 3 tests?

Back 66

Horizontal abduction test.

Rotation test.

Shoulder flexion test.

Hint 66

HRS

Front 67

What position should you be in during the upper extremity transitional assessment?

Back 67

Standing with heels, buttocks, shoulders, & head against a wall (the LB should be in a neutral lumbar position).

Hint 67

HBSH. L

Front 68

What movement should be performed in the horizontal abduction test?

Back 68

Raise both arms straight out in front to 90° of flexion with thumbs up.

Keep elbows extended, horizontally abduct arms back toward the wall.

Hint 68

RF.

EH.

Front 69

When the horizontal abduction test is performed properly, the back of the hands will

Back 69

Touch the wall with no movement compensations.

Front 70

What movement should be performed during the rotation test?

Back 70

Abduct the shoulders to a 90° & bend the elbows to 90°.

Humorous parallel to the floor, internally rotate the palms towork the floor, then externally rotate the arms back toward the wall.

Hint 70

ASE.

HPIE.

Front 71

What is the goal of the rotational test?

Back 71

To internally rotate the humerus until the palms of the hands and forearms are within 20° of the wall.

To externally rotate the humerus to touch the back of the hands against the wall with no movement compensations in either direction.

Hint 71

IPT.

EBM.