Nasm Ces : Ch 4-5

Front 1

Knee injuries involving ligaments can cause a decrease in

Back 1

Neural control to muscles stabilizing the patellofemoral & tibiofemoral joints, leading to injury.

Hint 1

SPaT.

Front 2

Noncontact knee injuries are often the result of

Back 2

Ankle or hip dysfunctions.

Front 3

Low back injuries can cause decreased

Back 3

Neural control to stabilizing muscles of the core, resulting in poor stabilization of the spine.

Hint 3

SMC.

PSS.

Front 4

Low back injuries can further lead to dysfunction in

Back 4

Upper & lower extremities.

Front 5

Shoulder injuries causeOther injuries that result from the HMS and balances

Back 5

Altered neural control of the rotator cuff muscles, leading to instability of the shoulder joint during functional activities.

Hint 5

ANR.

ISJ.

Front 6

Other injuries that result from HMS imbalances include

Back 6

Repetitive hamstring complex strains.

Patellar tendinitis (jumpers knee).

Plantar fasciitis (arch pain).

Posterior tibialis tendinitis (shinsplints).

Biceps tendinitis (shoulder pain).

Headaches. Groin strains.

Hint 6

RPPPBHG

Front 7

If the ankle or hip joint begins to function improperly this results in

Back 7

Altered movement & force disruption of the knee.

Hint 7

AMFD.

Front 8

Past surgeries can create dysfunction, unless

Back 8

Properly rehabilitated.

Front 9

What are some common surgical procedures? (6)

Back 9

Back surgery.

Appendectomy (cutting abdominal wall to remove appendix).

Cesarean section for birth.

Knee surgery.

Shoulder surgery.

Foot & ankle surgery.

Hint 9

BACKS F.

Front 10

Surgery will cause pain and inflammation that can alter

Back 10

Neural control to the effected muscles & joints if not rehabilitated properly.

Hint 10

MJ.

Front 11

What percentage of American adults do not partake, on a daily basis, and 30 minutes of low to moderate physical activity?

Back 11

More than 75%.

Hint 11

Passing

Front 12

The risk of chronic disease goes up significantly in individuals who are

Back 12

Not as physically active as the minimal standard.

Hint 12

NAP. The bare...

Front 13

Health and fitness professionals will work with clients with any number of chronic diseases like :

Back 13

Stroke/peripheral artery disease.

CD, CAD, congenital HD, valvular disorders, congestive heart failure.

Hypertension (HBP).

Obesity (children/adults).

Long breathing problems (smoking, asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, exposure to inflammatory stimuli).

Type 1/2 diabetes mellitus.

High cholesterol/blood lip disorders.

Cancer.

Hint 13

SCHOL THC.

Front 14

It is not the role of a health & fitness professional to

Back 14

Administer, prescribe, or educate on the usage & effects of any medications.

Hint 14

APE.

Front 15

Beta-blockers are generally used as

Back 15

Antihypertensive (HBP).

Arrhythmias (irregular HR)

Hint 15

AH.

AT.

Front 16

Calcium-channel blockers are generally prescribed for

Back 16

Hypertension & angina (chest pain).

Hint 16

HAC.

Front 17

Beta blockers ___ heart rate,

& ___ blood pressure.

Back 17

Decreases HR.

Decreases BP.

Hint 17

DD.

Front 18

Calcium channel blockers ___HR & ___ BP.

Back 18

Decrease, increase, no affect HR

. Decrease BP.

Hint 18

DIN. D

Front 19

Nitrates ___ HR & ___ BP.

Back 19

Increase or no effect HR. Decrease or no effect BP.

Hint 19

IN. DN.

Front 20

Diuretics ___ HR & ___ BP.

Back 20

No effect HR.

Decrease, no affect BP.

Hint 20

NDN.

Front 21

Bronchodilators ___ HR ___BP.

Back 21

No effect HR.

No effect BP.

Hint 21

NN

Front 22

Vasodilators ___ HR & ___ BP.

Back 22

Decrease, Increase, no effect HR.

Decrease BP.

Hint 22

DIN. D.

Front 23

Anti-depressants ___ HR & ___ BP.

Back 23

Increases or no affect HR.

Decrease or no affect BP.

Hint 23

IN.DN.

Front 24

Static posture

Back 24

How an individual physically present themselves in stance. Reflected in the alignments of the body.

Hint 24

Open your...

Mirror line

Front 25

Dynamic posture

Back 25

How long an individual is able to maintain an erect posture while performing functional tasks.

Hint 25

Time little MJ.

Front 26

Static posture provides the

Back 26

Foundation/platform from which extremities function.

Hint 26

Strong hold of the house. Arm.

Front 27

Assessments may not be able to specifically identify if a problem is

Back 27

Structural/Biomechanical in nature or weather it is derived from the development of poor muscular equipment patterns it resultant muscle imbalances.

Hint 27

SB.

DPM.

Front 28

Static postural assessments provide excellent indicators of problem areas that must be

Back 28

Further evaluated in order to clarify the problem at hand.

Hint 28

FEC.

Front 29

What are several classes of factors for changes in joint alignment?

Back 29

Quality & Function of myofascial tissue.

Alterations in muscle tendon function.

Hint 29

QFA.

Front 30

Myofascial

Back 30

The connective tissue in & around muscles & tendons.

Front 31

Whatever the reason, the body will continually adapt in an attempt to

Back 31

Produce the functional outcome that is requested by the system.

Hint 31

Make FOR.

Front 32

Along the continuum of adaptation, the muscle tendon units will

Back 32

Shorten or lengthen as the stressors demand.

Hint 32

Size supply.

Front 33

The shortening or lengthening of muscle tendon units will result in the stabilizing muscles being

Back 33

Less efficient to stabilize joints as they are pulled out of optimal alignment.

Hint 33

LES. Line.

Front 34

What can alter normal movement patterns?

Back 34

A combination of tight & weak muscles..

Hint 34

TW

Front 35

The alteration of normal movement patterns results in the alteration of

Back 35

Biomechanics of joints leading to degeneration.

Hint 35

BJD.

Front 36

What are 17 typically shortened muscles?

Back 36

Soleus. Upper trapezius.

Psoas. Piriformis.

Erector spinae. Rectus femoris.

Sternocleidomastoid.

Scalene.

Quadratus Lumborum.

Adductors. Teres Major. TFL.

Levator Scapulae.

Latissimus Dorsi.

Pectoralis major/minor.

Hamstrings. Gastrocnemius.

Hint 36

SUPPER. SQATT. LLPPHG.

Front 37

What are 14 typically lengthened muscles?

Back 37

Serratus Anterior. Multifidus.

Anterior tibialis. Rhomboids.

Teres minor. Posterior tibialis.

Internal oblique.

Middle/lower trap.

Posterior deltoid.

Deep cervical flexors.

Infraspinatus.

Gluteus medius/maximus.

Transverse abdominis.

Vastus medialis oblique.

Hint 37

SMART. PIMP. DIG. TV.

Front 38

What are the 5 main factors that cause postural imbalance

Back 38

1. Habitual movement patterns.

2. Altered movement patterns from repetitive movement.

3. Altered movement patterns from injury.

4. Altered movement patterns from surgery.

5. Alter movement patterns from incomplete rehabilitated injuries.

Hint 38

HAMP. 4

Front 39

What are some examples of habitual movement patterns?

Back 39

Carrying a briefcase on one side of the body.

Driving a lot.

Workstations at home & in the office.

Hint 39

CDW.

Front 40

Repetition of movement as in chronic overuse/injury can lead to

Back 40

A change in the elasticity of the muscle.

Hint 40

Rubber band.

Front 41

What is considered a contributing factor of ultra movement patterns from repetitive movement?

Back 41

Poor posture.

Lack of daily movement.

Hint 41

PL

Front 42

Muscle that is repeatedly placed in a short position will

Back 42

Eventually adapt & tend to remain short.

Hint 42

EAT.

Front 43

What is an example of a muscle that is repeatedly placed in a shortened position?

Back 43

Iliopsoas complex during sitting.

Hint 43

IC.

Front 44

Stress & chronic fatigue may also result in

Back 44

Muscle imbalances.

Front 45

How can repetitive movements cause imbalances?

Back 45

By placing demands on certain muscle groups more predominately.

Hint 45

Supply &.. MGP

Front 46

Altered movement patterns from repetitive movement is evident when looking at

Back 46

Athletes (swimmers, runners, tennis players).

Front 47

Swimmers often exhibit overemphasized ___ ,in relation to the ___ , giving them a ___ posture.

Back 47

Pectoral muscles.

Scapular retractors.

Rounded shoulder.

Hint 47

PSR.

Front 48

Repetitive movements also affect everyday people such as

Back 48

Construction workers (hammering with the same hand).

Waiters/waitresses (carry trays with the same arm).

Front 49

Postural imbalances are also saying in the gym with people who focus on

Back 49

Certain muscle groups more so than others. (Chest, shoulder, biceps).

Front 50

Individuals to over emphasize chest, shoulder, & bicep work end up with what altered movement patterns from repetitive movement?

Back 50

Forward head.

Internal rotation at the shoulder joint.

Rounded shoulders.

Hint 50

FIR.

Front 51

Hypomobility

Back 51

Restricted motion.

Front 52

What may acute injury result in?

What may an individual assume to avoid pain or to create function?

Back 52

Chronic muscle imbalances.

Adaptive postures.

Hint 52

CA.

Front 53

Oftentimes, even after the pain has substituted & motion restrictions or strength has returned, the individual may

Back 53

Not change their adaptive movement strategies unless reminded to return to a more normal motor pattern.

Hint 53

Consistent AMS

Front 54

What continues to promote modified motion?

Back 54

Repetitive ankle sprains, sore back etc.

Hint 54

RAS.

Front 55

The changing use patterns alters what?

What does this lead to?

Back 55

Alters Loads across the joints.

Alters Strategies of muscles.

Muscular imbalances reflected in postural changes.

Hint 55

ASL.

M

MP mirror.

Front 56

Injury may also result in tissue that becomes

Back 56

Restricted (hypomobility).

Front 57

If mobility is restored what happens?

Back 57

The reciprocal muscles are lengthened, creating weakness.

Hint 57

RL.

Front 58

Muscles that are too short and tight are then functionally

Back 58

Paired with muscles that are lengthened/weak, disrupting the NM balance in the inter-dependent relationship.

Hint 58

Opposite. DNB. Couples.

Front 59

What is often an overlooked aspect of the rehabilitation paradigm?

Back 59

Scar mobility (scar tissue)

Hint 59

Mufasa’s brother.

Front 60

Lack of mobility alters

Back 60

The alignments that pulls on the fascia, effecting joints & muscle function.

Hint 60

Line. JM

Front 61

What must be actively restored so that resultant muscle imbalances & postural changes will not develop?

Back 61

Balanced Movement.

Hint 61

Beam

Front 62

When a client has altered movement patterns from incompletely rehabilitated injuries the body will

Back 62

Adapt to the available mobility & stability.

Hint 62

MS.

Front 63

Whatever the reason, the body will continually adapt in an attempt to

Back 63

Produce the functional outcome that is requested by the system.

Hint 63

Make FOR.

Front 64

Along the continuum of adaptation, the muscle tendon units will

Back 64

Shorten or lengthen as the stressors demand.

Front 65

The l shortening or lengthening of muscle tendon units will result in the stabilizing muscles being

Back 65

Less efficient to stabilize joints as they are pulled out of optimal alignment.

Hint 65

LES.

Front 66

Muscle imbalance

Back 66

Alteration in functional relationship between pairs/groups of muscles.

Hint 66

AFR.

Front 67

When a client adapts to the availabile mobility & stability, this creates

Back 67

Compensatory movement patterns that are eventually reflective and postural imbalance.