Nasm Ces Ch 2

Front 1

Collectively, optimal length-tension relationships, force-couple relationships, & arthrokinematics produce what?

Back 1

Optimal sensorimotor integration.

Optimal NM efficiency.

Optimal tissue recovery.

Hint 1

SNT

Front 2

The amount of force that the HMS can produce depends on what 3 things?

Back 2

Motor unit recruitment.

Muscle size.

Lever system of the joint.

Hint 2

LMM

Front 3

What 4 things are a lever system composed of?

Back 3

Resistance (load to be moved).

Force (muscles).

Fulcrum (pivot point).

Lever arms (bones).

Hint 3

RFFL

Front 4

Three classes of levers are present in the body. What are they?

Back 4

A first class lever.

A second class lever.

A third class lever.

Hint 4

FRE

Front 5

A 1st class lever

Back 5

Has the fulcrum between the force & the load/resistance.

Hint 5

fFl. Or. eFr

Front 6

A 2nd class lever

Back 6

Has the load/resistance between the force & the fulcrum.

Hint 6

fLf. Or. fRe

Front 7

A third class lever

Back 7

The most common in the body, have the pull between the resistance/load & the fulcrum.

Hint 7

lPf. Or. fEr

Front 8

In the HMS, the bones act as

Back 8

Lever arms that move a load from the force applied by the muscles.

Hint 8

To get a job.

Front 9

Rotary motion

Back 9

Movement of the bones (levers) around the joints (axis).

Hint 9

Circle.BAJ

Front 10

Torque & its common unit

Back 10

A force that produces rotation. Newton-meter Nm.

Front 11

Why is torque applied in resistance training?

Back 11

So we can move our joints.

Front 12

What is the easiest way to alter the amount of torque generated?

Back 12

To move the resistance.

Front 13

What are the 3 subdivisions of optimal neuromuscular control?

Back 13

N length-tension relationships.

N force-couple relationships.

N joint arthrokinematics.

Front 14

The closer the weight is to a point of rotation (the joint),

Back 14

The less torque it creates.

Hint 14

Opposite.

Front 15

The farther away the weight is from the point of rotation (the joint),

Back 15

The more torque it creates.

Hint 15

Opposite.

Front 16

What is the prime mover for shoulder abduction?

Back 16

The deltoid muscle.

Front 17

What does the central nervous system coordinate at every joint in the HMS, in all 3 planes of motion?

Back 17

Stabilization.

Acceleration.

Deceleration.

Hint 17

SAD

Front 18

What must muscles react proprioceptively to?

Back 18

Momentum.

Forces created by other functioning muscles.

Gravity.

Ground reaction forces.

Hint 18

There are 4. MF GG

Front 19

Muscles will participate as an agonist, antagonist, synergist, or stabilizer depending on what?

Back 19

Load.

Direction of resistance.

Body position.

Movement being performed.

Hint 19

There are 4. LDBM.

Front 20

Agonists

Back 20

Muscles that act as prime movers.

Hint 20

Number 1 hero

Front 21

Antagonist

Back 21

Muscles that act in direct opposition to prime movers.

Hint 21

Top Villain

Front 22

Synergists

Back 22

Muscles that assist prime movers during functional movement patterns.

Hint 22

Sidekick

Front 23

Stabilizers

Back 23

Muscles that support/stabilize the body while the prime movers & the synergist perform the movement patterns.

Hint 23

Cisco

Front 24

The gluteus maximus is the prime mover for

Back 24

Hip extension.

Front 25

The Psoas (hip flexor) is antagonistic to the

Back 25

Gluteus maximus.

Front 26

The hamstring complex and the erector spinae are synergists to the

Back 26

Gluteus maximus during hip extension.

Front 27

The transverse abdominis, internal oblique, multifidus, & deep erector spinae muscles stabilize the

Back 27

Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC) during functional movements.

Hint 27

Lil fun

Front 28

Stabilizers support/stabilize during functional movements, while prime movers & synergist perform

Back 28

Functional activities.

Front 29

Muscles that are located more centrally to the spine provide stability where?

Back 29

Intersegmental stability (vertebrae to vertebrae).

Front 30

Muscles that are located more lateral supports what?

Back 30

The spine as a whole.

Front 31

Local Musculature System (stabilization system) involves muscles that are predominately involved in

Back 31

Joint support or stabilization.

Hint 31

Help

Front 32

Joint support systems are not

Back 32

Confined to the spine & are evident in peripheral joints.

Hint 32

Only and Proof.

Front 33

Joint support systems consist of muscles that are

Back 33

Not movement specific, they provide stability to allow movement of a joint.

Hint 33

NSJ

Front 34

A common example of peripheral joint support system is the rotator cuff that provides dynamic stabilization for the

Back 34

Humeral head in relation to the glenoid fossa.

Hint 34

HGF

Front 35

The posterior fibers of the gluteus medias & the external rotators of the hip provide what?

Back 35

Pelvofemoral stabilization.

Hint 35

PS

Front 36

The oblique fibers of the vastus medialis provide what?

Back 36

Patellar stabilization at the knee.

Hint 36

Miguel’s injury support.

Front 37

The joint support system of the core or LPHC includes muscles that

Back 37

originate & or insert into the lumbar spine.

The LS is responsible

Hint 37

From LS.

Front 38

The major local musculature system muscles : 5

Back 38

Transverse abdominis.

Internal obliques.

Multifidus.

Pelvic floor.

Diaphragm.

Hint 38

TIMPD

Front 39

Global musculature systems (movement system) are muscles responsible predominately for

Back 39

Movement & consisting of more superficial musculature originating from the pelvis to rib cage, the lower extremities, or both.

Hint 39

MaC

PRL

Front 40

The major global muscular system muscles : 9

Back 40

Quadriceps. Erector spinae.

External obliques. Rectus abdominis.

Gluteus maximus. Gastrocnemius.

Hamstring complex. Adductors.

Latissimus dorsi.

Hint 40

QEER GGHAL

Front 41

The movement system muscles are _____, & are associated with the ____, that equalize ____.

Back 41

Predominantly larger.

The movements of the trunk & limbs.

Equalize external loads placed on the body.

Hint 41

PMoE.

Front 42

The movement system muscles are important in transferring & absorbing what?

Back 42

Transferring & absorbing forces from the upper & lower extremities to the pelvis..

Hint 42

LUP

Front 43

What are the 4 distinct subsystems of the movement system muscles?

Back 43

Deep longitudinal.

Posterior oblique.

Anterior oblique.

Lateral sub-systems.

Hint 43

LAPD

Front 44

What are the 4 major soft tissue contributors to the deep longitudinal subsystem?

Back 44

Peroneus longus.

Erector spinae.

Thoracolumbar fascia.

Sacrotuberous ligament biceps femoris.

Hint 44

PETS

Front 45

The long head of the biceps femoris attaches to

Back 45

The sacrotuberous ligament at the ishium.

Hint 45

SO

Front 46

The sacrotuberous ligament attaches from

Back 46

The ishium to the sacrum.

Hint 46

I to S

Front 47

The erector spinae attaches from the

Back 47

Sacrum & ilium up the ribs, to the cervical spine.

Hint 47

SI RC

Front 48

The activation of the biceps femoris increases tension in the ____, which in turn transmits ____, stabilizing the ____, then up the ____.

Back 48

Sacrotuberous ligament,

Force across the sacrum,

Sacroiliac joint,

Trunk through the erector spinae.

Hint 48

SFST

Front 49

Before heel strike, the biceps femoris

Back 49

Activates to eccentrically decelerate hip flexion & extension.

Hint 49

Act long.

Both Shakira

Front 50

Just after heel strike, the biceps femoris is

Back 50

Further loaded through the lower leg via posterior movement of the fibula.

Hint 50

Fresh Out of ammo lil PF.

Front 51

Tension from the lower leg, up through the biceps femoris, into the sacrotuberous ligament, & of the erector spinae creates

Back 51

A force that assists in stabilizing the sacroiliac joint (SIJ).

Hint 51

Make me help.

SS

Front 52

What is a force-couple not often mentioned in the DLS?

Back 52

V

Hint 52

SPITAM

Front 53

What is a force-couple not often mentioned in the DLS?

Back 53

Superficial erector spine.

Intrinsic core stabilizers.

Psoas.

Hint 53

SIP

Front 54

What do the intrinsic core stabilizers consist of?

Back 54

Transverse abdominis.

Multifidus.

Hint 54

TaM

Front 55

The erector spinae & Psoas create what?

Back 55

Lumbar extension & an anterior shear force at L4 - S1.

Hint 55

LEAF

Front 56

During functional movements the local muscular system provides

Back 56

Intersegmental stabilization & a posterior sheer force.

Hint 56

Into. PS

Front 57

The posterior oblique subsystem works synergistically with

Back 57

The DLS.

Front 58

What muscles are eccentrically loaded just before heel strike?

Back 58

Latissimus dorsi.

Contralateral gluteus maximus.

Hint 58

LC

Front 59

At heel strike, each muscle in the POS

Back 59

Accelerates its respective limb (through its concentric action) & creates tension across the thoracolumbar fascia.

Hint 59

Pick up the pace to make T.

Front 60

When an individual walks/runs, the POS transfers forces that are

Back 60

Summative from the muscle’s transverse plane orientation to propulsion in the sagittal plane.

Hint 60

Sum of my flight POPs.

Front 61

The POS is of prime importance for rotational activities such as wet?

Dysfunction of any structure in the POS can lead to what?

Back 61

Swinging a golf club/baseball bat.

SIJ instability & LBP.

Hint 61

Sport.

SL.

Front 62

The POS is of prime importance for rotational activities such as wet?

Dysfunction of any structure in the POS can lead to what?

Back 62

Swinging a golf club/baseball bat.

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) instability & LBP.

Front 63

Dysfunction in any of the structures of the DLS lead to what ?

Back 63

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) instability & LBP.

Hint 63

SL

Front 64

The weakening of the gluteus maximus, latissimus dorsi, or both can lead to

Back 64

Increased tension in the hamstring complex (a factor in recurrent hamstring strains).

Hint 64

More tightness Here.

Front 65

If performed in isolation, squats for the gluteus maximus & pulldowns/pull-ups for the latissimus dorsi will

Back 65

Not adequately prepare the POS to perform optimally during functional activities.

Hint 65

Not ready. POF

Front 66

How was the anterior oblique subsystem (AOS) similar to the POS?

Back 66

It functions in the transverse plane orientation, mostly in the anterior portion of the body.

Hint 66

Up and down flight. AP

Front 67

What are the 4 prime contributors to the AOS?

Back 67

Hip external rotators.

Adductor complex.

Internal/external obliques.

Hint 67

HAIE

Front 68

What does electromyography of the AOS muscles show?

The AOS is a factor in stabilizing what?

Back 68

They aid in pelvic stability & rotation, contributing to leg swings.

The sacroiliac joint (SIJ).

Hint 68

Helping China R.

S

Front 69

The AOS is necessary for functional activities involving what?

The obliques & adductor complex produce rotational & flexion movements, but are also instrumental in

Back 69

The trunk, Upper & lower extremities.

Stabilizing the LPHC.

Hint 69

TUL. All Shakira.

Front 70

What 4 muscles is the lateral subsystems composed of?

These 4 muscles all participate in what?

Back 70

Tensor fascia latae (TFL).

Adductor complex.

Gluteus medias.

Quadriceps lumborum.

Frontal plane & pelvofemoral stability.

Hint 70

TAG Q.

FP

Front 71

When is this function in the LS evidence?

Back 71

During increased subtalar joint pronation with increased tibial & femoral abduction & internal rotation during functional activities.

Front 72

Unwanted frontal plane movement is characterized by

Back 72

Decreased strength & decreased NM control in the LS.

Hint 72

Down.

Front 73

When is this function in the LS evidence?

Back 73

During increased subtalar joint pronation with increased tibial & femoral abduction & internal rotation during functional activities.

Hint 73

Up, up, away, & in.

Front 74

When is this function in the LS evidence?

Back 74

During increased subtalar joint pronation with increased tibial & femoral abduction & internal rotation during functional activities.

Hint 74

Up Sin, up, away, & in.