Sectarianism

already started tension. The Iraqi government was “notoriously corrupt”, it was altogether authoritarian, repelling the Sunni minority in the government and failed to fulfill needs to the people. The Shi’a leaders suppressed the Sunni minority, “The sectarianism ran too deep. Sunni politicians felt excluded and marginalized while all too many members of the increasingly Shi’a police force continued in their anti-Sunni ways” (Smith, 111). Both the government and the law enforcement were…

When one looks at the pages of history, it is hard to do so outside the bias of one’s own time and cultural heritage. Due to the preponderance of Western society’s influence in the modern world, it is then unsurprising that the East’s dominance on the world’s stage for much of recorded history is overshadowed by the (relatively recent) European/Anglo dominance. Asia is a complex, rich, and multifaceted region to explore, and is especially enlightening to examine in the time leading up to the…

A11602683 Below you will find three passages, discuss what the context is and what major issue in Jewish history they illustrate: The passages below describe the impact of Hellenism on Jewish history and tell the story of the emergence of Christianity. The Hellenistic period began following Alexander the Great’s conquest in 334 BCE and continued culturally till almost the seventh century CE. During this period, the Jews incorporated Hellenistic thoughts with their Judaic traditions; this is…

Sanders and Rushdie Analytical The globalization of the world, beginning in the late twentieth century and still an ongoing phenomenon today, has brought unprecedented prosperity to the world, enabling those who could afford it new modern conveniences and an enthrallingly cosmopolitan way of life. But the same forces of globalization also deprived once-proud ancient indigenous peoples of their culture, imbuing their children’s minds with imported American values. Globalization, in light of…

The present religious landscape of Australia has significantly changed since 1945. The factors of this change include immigration, denominational switching, rise of the new age religions, secularism and Christianity as a major religious tradition. Australia has a wide variety of religions in its country, each with unique traditions of their own. The major religious tradition in Australia is Christianity, with the 2011 census showing 61% Christianity in Australia, and other religions making up…

Networks Political Process Model was developed as a critique of Resource Mobilization Theory, which tended to focus only on formal organisational networks. As Beinin and Vairel (2013) point out, since then several scholars have recognised the importance of informal networks. As they argue, informal factors shape social movements (10-11). As Baylouni (2013: 89) puts it, ‘[m]uch transformation occurs through both the dynamics of everyday life and member involvement in movement institutions that…

Unlike the origins of other ethnic nationalisms, Kurdish nationalism was not an all-inclusive, ethnic movement, but in fact possessed a very exclusionary nature, further expounding the inherent relationship between Sunni Islam and Kurdish nationalism. According to many non-Sunni Kurds, Kurdish nationalism was perceived as another attempt to reinforce Islamic dominance over other religious communities in the area. These religious minorities rejected Kurdish nationalism during this period.…

legacy not only at Columbia but across academia. His ideas are revolutionary, striking at the foundations of academic institutions all over the world. As an individual, studying Islam and the Middle East of which my interests include Sufism, Sectarianism, and Fundamentalism, I am the product of orientalism, no doubt. As a member of this new generation of orientalists, however, what exactly is my role in a field bloated with lasting legacies of cultural domination? Breaking out of the…

that person a member of the collective consciousness? It is no surprise to me that Weber concluded that this form of predestination with its hierarchy of spiritual elect caused a “hatred and contempt for [one’s neighbor]”, sometimes leading to sectarianism (75). Of course, the collective consciousness is not determined (from what I could understand of Durkheim, although he really never discussed the emotional state of these indigenous tribes) by individuals’ collective sense of happiness or…

The Trojan Sofa: Ideology is a luminous halo ‘Examine for a moment an ordinary mind on an ordinary day. The mind receives a myriad [of] impressions – trivial, evanescent, or engraved with the sharpness of steel. From all sides they come, an incessant show of innumerable atoms; and as they fall, as they shape themselves into the life of Monday or Tuesday...[but] life is not a series of gig lamps symmetrically arranged; life is a luminous halo, a semi-transparent envelope surrounding us from the…