Ketoacidosis

Question 1. Using medical terminology describe the symptoms Mr. B is complaining about. Mr. B has described polydipsia as a feeling of very thirsty and complained polyuria as frequent urination. Question 2. What does HbA1c measure? HbA1c refers to glycated haemoglobin which develops when haemoglobin joins with glucose in the blood, becoming ‘glycated’ (Choudhary& Kishanrao, 2015). The HbA1c test counts the number of glycosylated red blood cells and reports it as a percentage (Little& Sacks, 2009). It can be used as a diagnostic tests for diabetes in most situations and monitor the diabetes treatment plan (Mukherjee, 2016). By measuring HbA1c, the average level of blood glucose over the past eight to twelve weeks can be shown rather than a specific point in time (Stöppler, 2016). Question 3. Why would the doctor have ordered these blood tests? Why are they significant? Full blood test (FBC) is a general screen for a variety of disorder which can help to prognosis or diagnose many conditions (Dillon& Harrison, 2009). By analyzing the symptoms Mr. B is complaining about and his unhealthy lifestyle, he has sign of diabetes and dyslipidaemia. Polyuria, Polydipsia are classic symptoms of diabetes (Mccarron& Riebel, 2008) which are obvious on Mr. B. In this circumstance, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c can help to determine whether these symptoms are caused by diabetes or not. In addition, secondary dyslipidemia may caused by diabetic complications (Jenkins, Toth& Lyons,2014)…

What is Ketoacidosis in diabetics? Cells will normally use glucose as a source of energy. Diabetic Ketoacidosis occurs when the cells can no longer take the glucose from the blood in an efficient manner. In this case the cells begin to convert fatty acids into energy. The byproduct of this conversion are ketone acids. Normally small amounts of ketone acids can be taken care of by the kidneys and the liver, however a large concentration can lower the body's PH level, in essence create an hyper…

Reduced levels of insulin combined with increased amounts of insulin counter-regulatory hormones such as glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a complication of diabetes mellitus (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2013). Common causes include acute illness and infections, myocardial infarction, antipsychotic medications, cocaine and/or alcohol ingestion, and lack of exogenous insulin (Wall, 2013; Westerberg, 2013). Describe the…

Garcia died from a diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a diabetes complication where the body produces excess blood acids. (ketones) High glucose levels, being at 280 mg/DL, brings more risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. Sickle cell disease has crescent-shaped RBCs that contain low oxygen level and causes clotting. Due to their limited space, sickle cells cannot carry as much glucose that is needed and the body starts to break down fat and muscle for energy. This caused the body to…

Larry 's ketoacidosis was resolved over the next few days and a further week on a medical floor, saw Larry stabilized on his previous insulin regime. Answer the following questions pertaining to the case: 1. Based on the pathophysiology a. Give reasons for Larry 's reported admission symptoms of muscle weakness, decreased skin turgor, tachycardia and hypotension. b. Describe how this situation can be corrected. A. Mr. Secord may be experiencing the following symptoms due to dehydration and…

Acute complications of diabetes include diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHS), and hypoglycemia. DKA and HHS occurs when there is insufficient insulin to transport glucose into the cells. The difference between DKA and HHS is that in HHS an individual has just enough insulin to prevent ketoacidosis but not enough to prevent osmotic diuresis, hyperglycemia, and extracellular fluid depletion (Robbins, Shaw, & Lewis, 2010). DKA is more common in type 1…

Mr. and Mrs. James, I am Nurse Tran and I’m working with Dr. Gupta. Your daughter Ellen James came in barely conscious with complains of excessive vomiting, urination, thirst and complain of double vision, headaches, and tiredness for the past two days. Ellen also complained of rapid weight loss, despite eating uncontrollable. Dr. Gupta suspects it to be diabetic ketoacidosis; which is when your body produces excessive ketones. Diabetic ketoacidosis mostly occurs in people with type 1 diabetes,…

and eventually making him vomit profusely. He was frantically gasping for air, scared of not knowing what was going on and thinking of only one question, “Am I going to die?” After some tests the doctor said it would seem that he contracted a rare condition called DKA also known as diabetes ketoacidosis.…

Diabetes and Ketoacidosis According to the American Diabetes Association, the incidence of diabetes in Americans is nearly 1.7 million people per year. (American Diabetes Association, 2015). Diabetes is a condition that results in higher than normal blood-glucose levels, known as hyperglycemia. There are two forms of diabetes called Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is the result of the body’s inability to produce insulin. This is typically…

levothyroxine, lithium) 5th Question: Which are the main causes of metabolic acidosis with both increased anion gap and osmolar gap? The main causes of metabolic acidosis with both increased anion gap and osmolar gap are[1, 2]: • Methanol or ethylene glycol intoxication (but also diethylene glycol) • Lactic acidosis • Alcoholic ketoacidosis or diabetic ketoacidosis • Uremia 6th Question: Which is the influence of the time of calculation of serum anion gap and osmolar gap in relation to the…