Act utilitarianism

Relative Morality In the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain, the author explores the relativity of morality through the main character Huckleberry Finn by placing him in many situations where the difference between right and wrong is difficult to clarify. Through the reactions of Huckleberry in these situations, Twain deeply emphasizes the importance of one’s own moral conscience and also the fact that what one holds to be moral based on their own experiences is most…

1. What are the ethical Issues? The ethical issues experienced by Ralph and Jane should have been avoided if proper procedures had been followed. Yes, Ralph is a hard worker and met his quarterly sales quotas but at the same time he had a problem that management could not continue to ignore. Well and good management gave Ralph an opposition to seek help with his alcohol addiction, which was fair enough. Business ethics means providing reasons for how things ought to be in the economic world ().…

Shades of Injustice The difference between right and wrong is about as clear as mud; one person’s right decision may be a wrong decision to another person. In fact, there may be no right and wrong decisions, but rather decisions made based upon survival. When circumstances change, the decisions that would normally be made must also be changed to conform to the circumstance, shifting down a spectrum of shades of gray. When an individual loses control of their destiny, decisions that seem black…

On Happiness I: Kant’s view of the Concept (or Idea) of Happiness In this section, through an analysis of Kant’s Groundwork, Critique of Practical Reason, and The Metaphysics of Morals, I will demonstrate: (1) The elements of happiness and what happiness is about; (2) The concept of happiness is different for different humans; (3) The principle of happiness is the same for different humans; and (4) Why having the same content and principle of happiness for all humans is not a principle of the…

In this paper, I consider an argument for the conclusion that it is morally permissible to eat humanely farmed meat. This argument is based on Michael Pollan’s argument in the article, “An Animal’s Place”. I will offer an objection to Pollan’s premise that domestication is a natural product of evolution. Then, I will consider a reply to my objection. As a result of this analysis, I hold that Pollan’s argument and thus the proposed argument for the conclusion that it is morally permissible to eat…

Paper 2 In this paper, I will discuss Mary Anne Warren's "Speaking of Animal Rights" which discusses the strength animals have to rights. Warren’s paper is rebuttal to Tom Regan “The Case for Animal Rights” I agree with Warren that humans' reason responsiveness makes human rights more important. I will explain her argument which focuses on humans' ability to listen to reason as morally relevant to the strength of their rights. She then uses that ability as reasoning to not to extend these rights…

illustrate the reciprocal altruism, he mentions vampire bats who fed each other by sharing the blood. A bat share blood with their peers, thinking of his future benefit which is controversial to Rand altruism theory. In addition, Rand states one need to act rationally not emotionally for the greater good of the society. However, the “selfish gene” logically puts someone benefits first for calculating the best profit. For example, a mom would prioritize her kid’s life first in any situation than…

consequences or that which God has decreed to be the right action. I define the right action as Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, did. He said that you should “act only on the maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law” (Kant). More simply, one should act in a way that they would want everyone to act that way. The strongest argument for Kant’s principle is that actions we naturally deem to be acceptable follow through this maxim, while many that we…

Acacia Frempong-Manso 400013992 Philos 3N03 November 30th 2017 G.A Cohen’s criticisms of Rawls G.A. Cohen is best recognized in modern political philosophy for making the claim that the principles of justice are an essential reason behind the justification of an action-guiding principle, however, they are inappropriate to the conduct political practice. In Cohen's book, Rescuing Justice and Equality, he makes two criticisms of John Rawls. The first objection is that Rawl's is unable to…

Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover Should we help the poor? Individual nations are like lifeboats. Each with a distinct carrying capacity. If the number of passengers exceed this capacity, everyone drowns. In the story “Lifeboat Ethics” by Garrett Hardin, he believes the world would be better if we didn’t help the poor. If we help the poor, then what are we doing to ourselves? In the story “A Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift, he believes we should help the poor. There are a few examples about how…