Test 7

Front 1

During the 2008 Iowa Caucuses, the major television and cable networks as well as the Associated Press banded together to collect information in an association known as the

Back 1

National election pool

Front 2

What did George Gallup mean when he said that public opinion polls "speed up the process of democracy" in the United States?

Back 2

Polls can cue politicians to consider important political issues.

Front 3

A famous journalist and author who voiced his concern about how easy it was to manipulate public opinion was

Back 3

Walter Lippmann.

Front 4

________ correctly predicted every presidential election from 1920 to 1932.

Back 4

Literary Digest

Front 5

Literary Digest's prediction of the winner in the 1936 presidential election suffered from which common polling errors?
I. Wealthy Republicans were oversampled.
II. Polls were taken in early September, and voters changed their minds by November.
III. Only property owners were included in the sample.
IV. The polling relied heavily on self-selected respondents.

Back 5

I, II, and IV

Front 6

The 1936 election was predicted correctly by

Back 6

George Gallup.

Front 7

George Gallup was so confident about his polling methodology that he

Back 7

had a money-back guarantee if his results were not closer than those of the Literary Digest.

Front 8

The National Election Studies ask respondents questions about their
I. party affiliation.
II. opinions on major candidates.
III. opinions on major issues.
IV. vote choice.

Back 8

I, II, III, and IV

Front 9

The primary aim of the Field Poll organization is to

Back 9

capture voter sentiment.

Front 10

Among the main reasons presidents and their staff use polls are
I. to win reelection.
II. to signal the Supreme Court that the public supports the president's position.
III. to be judged favorably by history.
IV. to pass the presidential agenda

Back 10

1, 2, 3 & 4

Front 11

Push polls are
I. becoming increasingly common.
II. becoming a greater source of public objection.
III. an element of all good polls.
IV. decreasing as a result of Internet polls.

Back 11

I and III

Front 12

If a scientific poll with a 3-percent margin of error reveals that 60 percent of respondents support a policy, the actual number of people in a population who support the policy could be anywhere between ____ and ____ percent.

Back 12

57/63

Front 13

Generally, the percentage of people who believe sending troops to Iraq was a mistake has __________ over time.

Back 13

Increased

Front 14

The process through which an individual acquires particular political orientations is most accurately called

Back 14

Political socialization

Front 15

Government-sponsored health insurance for the working poor is a hot-button issue for _________, with 61 percent of the demographic group supporting reform.

Back 15

Hispanics

Front 16

Which of the following is the BEST example of religious groups influencing public policy?

Back 16

America's continued aid to Israel

Front 17

Political socialization within the family can be traced to two factors:

Back 17

communication and receptivity

Front 18

Studies about the role of schools in the political process find
I. mixed results.
II. teaching about symbols to be important.
III. reciting the Pledge of Allegiance is critical to instilling patriotism.
IV. that yellow ribbons have particular significance to children.

Back 18

I and II

Front 19

Which of the following are NOT agents of political socialization for children in their formative years?

Back 19

children's programming on channels such as Nickelodeon and Cartoon Network

Front 20

Most first-year college students identify themselves as

Back 20

middle-of-the-road.

Front 21

Which of the following is an example of a president using the bully pulpit to influence public opinion?

Back 21

Publicly ridiculing political opponents by emphasizing their weaknesses

Front 22

Political knowledge and political participation

Back 22

are directly related to each other

Front 23

During the 2008 presidential elections, one study estimated that Americans learned _____________ about the presidential campaign from alternative sources such as The Daily Show as they did from traditional sources such as CNN or the New York Times.

Back 23

about the same amount

Front 24

Direct election of senators and representatives is in opposition to the Framers' intent to
I. temper public opinion.
II. give state legislators a stake in national elections.
III. grant governors power of appointment.
IV. allow political alliances to band together.

Back 24

1 & 2

Front 25

Which of the following is the BEST example of public opinion affecting policy?

Back 25

President Barack Obama largely abandoned his campaign promises to strengthen Title IX when the public considered other issues more salient.

Front 26

Over time, political parties have generally ______ power as instruments of democracy in the United States.

Back 26

lost

Front 27

Which of the following best describes the organization of the two major political parties in the United States?

Back 27

Separate and larely independent party organizations exist at national, state, and local levels.

Front 28

In 2008, the Republican National Convention was held in

Back 28

Minneapolis

Front 29

What is the MOST likely reason that the party platforms received little attention during the 2008 presidential nominating conventions?

Back 29

The candidates' personalities overshadowed the platforms.

Front 30

Today, the difference between political parties and interest groups is

Back 30

interest groups pursue issue outcomes while parties exist to win elections.

Front 31

The office holders and candidates who run under the banner of a political party are called the

Back 31

governmental party

Front 32

Over the course of the __________ administration, political parties gradually formed.

Back 32

John Adams

Front 33

In his Farewell Address, ________ warned the nation against political parties.

Back 33

George Washington

Front 34

What does the Constitution say about political parties?

Back 34

The Constitution does not mention political parties.

Front 35

During the 1820s through 1840s, the number of eligible voters increased due to

Back 35

the abolition of property-owning requirements for males.

Front 36

The issue of ________ led to the demise of the Whig Party.

Back 36

slavery

Front 37

The first major national presidential nominating convention was held in

Back 37

1832

Front 38

A party organization that recruits its members with tangible incentives, such as jobs, and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity, is called a

Back 38

machine

Front 39

Which of the following is MOST similar to a political machine?

Back 39

A union

Front 40

A shifting of party coalitions in the electorate that remain in place for several elections is called

Back 40

a realignment

Front 41

Party realignment and secular realignment differ in terms of

Back 41

volatility.

Front 42

The chairpersons of the national party committees are

Back 42

generally nominated by presidential candidates or sitting presidents.

Front 43

Superdelegates are somewhat similar to electors in the Electoral College in that both

Back 43

serve relatively undemocratic functions.

Front 44

Institutionalized collections of policy-oriented researchers and academics who are sources of policy ideas are known as

Back 44

think tanks

Front 45

Which of the following is NOT an activity of political parties?

Back 45

refusing to cooperate with the other party

Front 46

Micro-targeting is

Back 46

a practice pioneered by Republicans.

Front 47

The instrument through which parties formulate, convey, and promote public policy is called

Back 47

the national party platform.

Front 48

Governors

Back 48

have more influence over party politics than presidents.

Front 49

Political party affiliation is influenced by
I. parents.
II. marriage.
III. marital status
IV. politicians' personalities.

Back 49

I, II, III, and IV

Front 50

A general decline in partisan loyalty in the electorate is most accurately referred to as

Back 50

dealignment