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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sullivan personal info |
Had no friends only imaginary play dates Irish style made him unpopular. 8 intimate friendship with Clarence Bellinger,13, that changed life. Some say they were sexual. He was shackled by sexual prejudices. Born in New York, Catholic parents, 2 brothers died. mom pampered him, physician, shy, withdrawn,mother left home, cared for by maternal grandmother. |
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Sullivan's biography continued 2 |
both never married, psychiatrists, retarded socially but intellectually smart. Suspended after 1 year, lost for 2 years, think schizophrenia, confined to hospital, went into army to complete medical dr, conducted studies on schizophrenia found importance of interpersonal relationships, treated patients with love and care,went to New York and met Horney, Fromm, convinced Clara Thompson to travel to Europe to train technique |
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Sullivans biography page 3 |
under Freud, in New York Sullivan came into contact with social scientist.Established White Psychiatric Foundation in Washington trying to join psychiatry to other social sciences. On way to Amsterdam died of brain haemorrhage at 57, not comfortable with sexuality, brought 15 year old boy who stayed for 22 years.Regarded as Jimmie (son)Wanted a catholic funeral. |
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Energy Transformation |
Transform Tensions that can either covert(secret) overt (not secret) behaviour and are aimed to satisfy needs and reduce anxiety |
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2 types of tensions (potential for action) |
1. needs 2. anxiety |
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Needs (type of tension) 1.General-the overall well being of a person 2. Zonal |
Tension brought on by Biological imbalance between person and environment inside and outside of organism. |
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General need is concerned with overall being of a person |
Interpersonal, - general need, tenderness, Physiological need -oxygen, food, water -concerned with overall being of a person |
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Zonal need is: |
Arise from part of body 1. oral 2. genital 3. manuel |
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Some needs are zonal and general |
ex:Mouth satisfies need by eating but satisfy's zonal need of oral activity ex: hand satisfy general need of tenderness and also zonal need for manual activity |
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Anxiety (type of tension) Interferes with satisfaction of needs |
Different from tension of need because it is distinctive calls forth no consistent action for relief. ex: infant lacks food (need) they cry. If they are anxious they can do little to escape or be relieved of anxiety -blocks healthy adult relationships |
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Dynamisms |
Energy transformation(Transform Tensions that can either covert(secret)overt (not secret) behaviour and are aimed to satisfy needs and reduce anxiety) These behaviour patterns are called Dynamisms- Malevolence, Intimacy, Lust, Self-system |
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Malevolence(Dynamism) |
feeling of living in an enemy country |
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Intimacy |
an integrated experience marked by a close personal relationship who is more or less of equal status |
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lust |
idolized dynamism characterized by interpersonal sexual interest of another person |
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Stages of Development 7 |
crucial to formation of human personality -people come and go through development from infancy through to adulthood -Personality change can happen at any time but most likely happens during 1 transition to next |
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Stage 1 Infancy |
Age 0-2 yrs Significant others - Mothering One Interpersonal process - tenderness Important learning - good mother, bad mother, good me bad me |
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Stage 2 Childhood |
Age 2-6 Significant others - parents Interpersonal process- Protect security through imaginary playmates Important Learning- Syntactic (clear communicant) language begins |
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Stage 3 Juvenile era |
Age 6-8 1/2 Significant others - Playmates of equal status Interpersonal process - orientation toward living in the world of peers Important learnings - competition, compromises, cooperation |
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Stage 4 Preadolescence |
Age 8 1/2 -13 Significant others- single chum Interpersonal process - intamacy Important learnings - Affection and respect from peers |
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Stage 5 Early adolescence |
Age 13-15 Significant others - Several chums Interpersonal process - intimacy and lust toward different persons Important learnings - Balance of lust, intimacy, security operations |
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Stage 6 Late adolescence |
Age 15-18 Significant others - lover Interpersonal process - Fusion of intimacy and lust Important learnings - Discover self and world outside of self |
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Stage 7 Adult |
18- death
Significant others - people establish loving relationship. no need for psychiatric counsel |
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Psychological Disorders |
Deficiencies found in psychiatric patients are found in every person, but to lesser degrees. -Derive from some kind of interpersonal trouble -most technique was with schizophrenic patients. -People with disassociated personality get rid of anxiety by building elaborate self system that blocks the experience that threatens security |
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Psychotherapy |
Based therapeutic procedures on patient relationship with others -Therapist observer -Psychosis is personal relationships between 2 people and is in essence of psychological growth -3 questions 1.what is patient saying to me? 2. How can I put into words what I want to say 3.What is general communication between us |
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Related Research |
Rose found girls engage in more self disclosure. Boy more rough and tumble play. Girls put greater importance on friendships If person is depressed check to see if they have a supportive friend group |
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Usefulness of Sullivan's theory |
1. Generates Research - low 2. Falsifiable - low 3. Organize data-look at interpersonal relations - from ability to organize knowledge because most what we know is behaviour/biological 4. Guides action - Fair-moderate Lack of testing diminishes usefulness 5.Internally consistent-yes/consistent no/orgnize 6.Parsimonious - low awkwardness of writing |
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Concept of Humanity |
Determinism vs Free choice? Pessimism vs Optimism - neither-anxiety interferes with interpersonal relations which causes more anxiety Causality vs Teleology ? Conscious vs unconscious?Biological vs social - social Personality result of interpersonal relationships Uniqueness vs similarities - neither Ind. illusion have many personalities as interpersonal relations |
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Sullivan's self-system arises out of interpersonal situation when an infant |
An infant is approximately 12-18 months of age |
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Sullivan, Freud and Jung saw personality as |
an energy system |
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Sullivan's belief in the therapeutic power of an intimate relationship during preadolescent years 8 1/2 -13 |
Grew out of experiences of his own childhood |
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According to Sullivan ___________________ is the most critical epoch because errors made earlier can be corrected at this time |
Preadolescence |
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According t Sullivan ______________ incapacitates learning , blocks memory and narrows perception |
anxiety |
