Sports Management: Chapter 10

Front 1

Motivation

Back 1

-process of arousing, directing, and maintaining behavior towards a goal

Front 2

5 Elements for Motivation

Back 2

1. forces within the individual
2. energy for action/behaviors
3. direction of such behaviors
4. intensity of those behaviors
5. persistence of behaviors

Front 3

Needs (Content) Based Theories

Back 3

-idea that when individuals have a need, they will become motivated to take action to fullful that need

Front 4

Need Hierarchy Theory

Back 4

1. physiological (financial needs)
2. safety and security (job security, health coverage)
3. love needs (social needs)
4. esteem needs (recognition, respect)
5. self actualization (completely satisfied)

Front 5

Limitation of Need Hierarchy Theory

Back 5

-cannot be accurately tested
-threshold is different from person to person

Front 6

Two-Factor Theory (Herzberg)

Back 6

-motivators (related to job content) are associated with job satisfaction
-hygiene factors (related to job context) are associated with job dissatisfaction

Front 7

Limitation of Two-Factor Theory

Back 7

-is it really useful
-question of methodology

Front 8

Process Theories

Back 8

-individual's evaluation of choice of certain courses of action, and how other factors influence such courses of action

Front 9

Vroom's Expectancy Theory

Back 9

-individuals evaluate the various courses of action that are available to them and choose one they expect to lead to the most preferable outcome
-valence
-outcomes
-expectancy
-instrumentality
-interplay

Front 10

Valence

Back 10

-individuals preference for a particular outcome

Front 11

Outcomes

Back 11

-refer to the consequences of a given act

Front 12

Expectancy

Back 12

-probability estimate that effort will lead to the first level results

Front 13

Instrumentality

Back 13

-individuals estimate of the relationship between first and second level results
-ex. did you get the promotion because you performed well...or because you were there the longest

Front 14

Interplay of Concepts

Back 14

Force = Valence x Expectancy x Instrumentality

Front 15

Adams Theory of Inequity

Back 15

-individuals tend to compare individual outcomes to those of others
-ex. I got $1000 raise, but he got $2000 raise...not happy

Front 16

Justice and Fairness Theories

Back 16

1. consistancy
2. bias suppression
3. accuracy
4. representativeness
5. criticality
6. correctibility

Front 17

Consistancy

Back 17

-procedures should be consistent across person, over time

Front 18

Bias Suppression

Back 18

-decision makers should not let self interest or bias affect decision

Front 19

Accuracy

Back 19

-decisions must be based on accurate information

Front 20

Representativeness

Back 20

-process is representative of the concerns of ALL recipients

Front 21

Ethically

Back 21

-ethical and moral standard

Front 22

Effort-Performance Relationship

Back 22

-for effective performance to occur, individual must have have necessary abilities and traits
-ex. basketball player

Front 23

Performance-Reward Relationship

Back 23

-if individual has necessary abilities and traits, and perceives role correctly, they should should expect success

Front 24

Reward-Satisfaction Relationship

Back 24

-satisfaction of rewards depends on the individuals perception
-relates back to Adam's Theory