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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Homelessness, racism, and poverty are all examples of
a. personal troubles. b. social issues. c. the Metaphysical Stage. d. symbolic interactionism. |
b. social issues.
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Getting fired from your job because you are always late for work is an example of a social
issue. a. False b. True |
a. False
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Which sociological theorist highlighted the difference between "personal troubles" and "
social issues"? a. Dorothy Smith b. C. Wright Mills c. Auguste Comte d. Peter Berger |
b. C. Wright Mills
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Urban-rural differences are mainly the result of ___________ factors.
a. Social b. Structural c. Economic d. Geographical |
a. Social
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A sociologist would identify all of the following as possible reasons behind homelessness except
a. personal laziness. b. substance abuse and mental illness. c. a lack of affordable housing. d. societal forces. |
a. personal laziness.
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The term "sociology" was coined by this theorist in 1838.
a. Peter Berger b. Émile Durkheim c. Plato d. Auguste Comte |
d. Auguste Comte
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Anti-positivists argue that science cannot be separated from ____________.
a. theory. b. research. c. time and context. d. our values. |
d. our values.
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On average in Canada today, men earn approximately __ percent more than women.
a. 35 b. 10 c. 20 d. 5 |
a. 35
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Using the sociological imagination, rising tuition costs would be best approached in terms
of a. private trouble. b. a social issue. c. a political problem. d. an economic reality. |
b. a social issue.
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"Sociology" is best defined as the systematic study of
a. social problems and their causes. b. social networks and their consequences for individuals. c. face-to-face interaction. d. human groups and their interactions. |
d. human groups and their interactions.
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Which of the following assertions could be attributed to Emile Durkheim?
a. Only the most 'fit' members of any society will be able to adapt and thrive. b. Personal choices have social origins. c. Manifest functions are the intended consequences of an action. d. The government is a corrupting element of society that will try to undermine the autonomy of the individual. |
b. Personal choices have social origins.
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Which of the following is a major tenet of functionalism?
a. The social world is a dynamic system of interrelated and interdependent parts. b. People are in a constant struggle over scarce resources. c. Meaning is created through ongoing interactions with others. d. Social structures work against people in achieving success. |
a. The social world is a dynamic system of interrelated and interdependent parts.
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Which of the following best illustrates a "laissez-faire" approach?
a. A provincial government increases funding for programs serving people with developmental disabilities. b. The federal government earmarks money for three new maximum-security prisons. c. A provincial government decreases the amount of funding it provides to non-profit daycare centres. d. The federal government announces that it will impose more regulations and travel restrictions on people travelling to Canada by plane. |
c. A provincial government decreases the amount of funding it provides to non-profit daycare centres.
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Which of the following is false about the Enlightenment and its thinkers? They
a. challenged 400 years of Christian scholarship. b. advocated critical thinking and practical knowledge. c. agreed that free thinking and expression should be limited. d. reordered how people saw the world and their role in it. |
c. agreed that free thinking and expression should be limited.
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Anomic suicide might occur when
a. people do not feel connected to others. b. people are too connected to others. c. people lack purpose. d. people are overregulated |
c. people lack purpose.
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According to Karl Marx, forces of production are best described as:
a. the human and animal labour required to make products in a society. b. the physical and intellectual resources a society has at its disposal. c. factories, industrial parks, refineries, offices, and other places where work is done in a society. d. industries such as farming, mining, forestry, and oil production. |
b. the physical and intellectual resources a society
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This German term was used by Weber to describe deep understanding and interpretation of
subjective social meanings. a. bildung b. sui generis c. anomie d. verstehen |
d. verstehen
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For symbolic interactionists, human actors are the product of external and constraining social
forces. a. True b. False |
b. False
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Talcott Parson's AGIL typology was an important contribution to conflict theory as it outlined the
mechanisms for maintaining social equilibrium. a. True b. False |
b. False
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Clarice is conducting an examination of the beliefs and values that support and justify the interests
of the ruling class in contemporary Canadian society. She is, in effect, studying Canada's a. dominant ideology. b. humanistic tendencies. c. central value system. d. false consciousness. |
a. dominant ideology.
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Which of the following does not describe Gramsci's analysis of capitalism?
a. Gramsci proposed a new from of control and manipulation outside of the force and coercion originally proposed by Marx that is subtle and insidious. b. Gramsci explained that the ruling class solely dominates through force and coercion. c. Gramsci accepted the idea proposed by Marx of the struggle between the ruling class and the subordinate class. d. Gramsci proposed that Marx's analysis left absent the ideological control and manipulation of the ruling class. |
b. Gramsci explained that the ruling class solely dominates through force and coercion.
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When considering the invasion of both Iraq and Afghanistan, which social theory would argue that
we can see lingering imperial notions from the West as it continues to seek control? a. Orientalism b. post-structuralism c. hegemony d. queer theory |
a. Orientalism
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According to the text, the Disney movie Aladdin is an example of
a. imaginative orientalism. b. entertainment orientalism. c. academic oreintalism. d. institutional orientalism. |
a. imaginative orientalism.
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As theorized by Seidman, the relative invisibility of whiteness in everyday life is indicative of
a. ignorance. b. self-conscious domination. c. privilege. d. marginality. |
c. privilege.
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Foucault was primarily interested in the ways that power and ____________ work together.
a. sexuality b. formal politics c. knowledge d. social movements |
c. knowledge
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What does Western Marxism refer to?
a. forms of Marxism associated with Karl Marx b. dogmatic forms of Marxism, practiced by Soviet and Chinese regimes c. neo-Marxist ways of thinking d. independent and critical forms of Marxism |
d. independent and critical forms of Marxism
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"My life experiences had shown me that the two issues were inseparable, that at the moment of
my birth, two facts determined my destiny, my having been born black and my having been born female." This statement was written by _______ and supports _______. a. Dorothy Smith; race is inextricable from gender b. bell hooks; the intersection of androcentrism and feminism c. Dorothy Smith; the intersection of race, class, and gender d. bell hooks; race is inextricable from gender |
d. bell hooks; race is inextricable from gender
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Queer theory's main areas of focuses are power, language, and desire.
a. True b. False |
b. False
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According to Foucault, power is something possessed by one individual over another.
a. True b. False |
b. False
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This theorist is renowned for having developed highly critical approaches to objectified and
androcentric forms of knowledge. a. Smith b. Said c. hooks d. Foucault |
a. Smith
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Researchers who use deductive logic move from _________ to __________.
a. data; theory b. theory; data c. qualitative; quantitative d. quantitative; qualitative |
a. data; theory
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Patti is conducting a study on the relationship between pharmaceutical companies and
university hiring (and firing) practices. In her research, she interviews a series of psychologists, physicians, university administrators (where she can access them), and union activists to figure out how they are making sense of this relationship. On the basis of this material, Patti develops an argument and makes several recommendations to the broader university community. Her work is an example of which type of reasoning? a. deductive logic b. inductive logic c. reductive logic d. hypothesis testing |
b. inductive logic
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A tentative statement about a particular relationship—whether between objects, people, or
groups of people—that can be tested empirically is a a. variable. b. hypothetical. c. hypothesis. d. deductive presupposition. |
c. hypothesis.
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The type of variable that may be varied or manipulated by researchers is a/an ___________
______ variable. a. floating b. structural c. dependent d. independent |
d. independent
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A _________________ is a subset of a _______________.
a. sample; population b. population; sample c. survey; sample d. sample; survey |
a. sample; population
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Which of the following statements about correlation is true?
a. Correlation means that a change in one variable is caused by the presence of a second variable. b. A correlation is a relationship between two variables. c. The relationship between two variables must be strong in order for a correlation to exist. d. Researchers refer to weak correlations as "spurious" correlations. |
b. A correlation is a relationship between two variables.
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Whereas quantitative researchers convert aspects of social life to numerical form, the
focus for qualitative researchers is a. personality. b. subjectivity. c. rich detail. d. objective meaning. |
c. rich detail.
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A description of how a particular variable, such as gender equality, is measured for
purposes of a given research study is known as a/an _______________ definition. a. conceptual b. optimal c. operational d. operating |
c. operational
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When a given measurement is said to be accurately measuring the concept that the
research claims is being measured, then the study is a. reliable. b. verifiable. c. valid. d. true. |
c. valid.
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Surveys are well suited to asking about _________ people think, but not as helpful in
answering _________ people think the way they do. a. why; what b. what; why c. the truth of what; the reasons for why d. whether or not; how often |
b. what; why
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"Blaming the victim" is not aligned with the sociological perspective because
a. it assumes that individuals can succeed if they work hard enough. b. it focuses on individual factors associated with success. c. it focuses on the intersection of personal trouble and social structures. d. it fails to look beyond the individual. |
d. it fails to look beyond the individual.
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A young woman who grows up in a poor family, wins a scholarship to university, and
becomes a successful lawyer is an example of which type of mobility? a. intergenerational b. intermediary c. intragenerational d. post-generational |
a. intergenerational
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What do social status, social stratification, and social class have in common?
a. They are all social constructions. b. They are all based on a person's talent. c. They are all based on achieved status. d. They are all based on a person's biological genome. |
a. They are all social constructions.
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Which of the following is an example of a "double ghetto"?
a. Marilyn works at a factory all day, and spends most of her evening looking after her children and doing housework. b. Marilyn lives in an impoverished neighbourhood situated next to a very wealthy neighbourhood. c. Marilyn’s boss refuses to let her take time off of work when her children are ill. d. Marilyn needs to work two jobs outside of the house in order to provide for her children's needs. |
a. Marilyn works at a factory all day, and spends most of her evening looking after her children and doing
housework. |
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All of the following are true of classism except
a. classism is an ideology that perpetuates social stratification. b. classism suggests that those who work hard will achieve success. c. classism results in blaming the victim. d. the United States and Canada are not examples of classism due to each country's guiding principle of equality of opportunity. |
d. the United States and Canada are not examples of classism due to each country's guiding principle of
equality of opportunity. |
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When sociologists refer to a society's hierarchical ranking of people into social classes,
they are talking about a. alienation. b. social stratification. c. status group systems. d. social mobility. |
b. social stratification.
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The relationship between a society's economic development and its social inequality is
illustrated by the graphic representation known as the a. Gini index. b. Kuznet curve. c. GDP (gross national product) score. d. low-income cut-off (LICO). |
b. Kuznet curve.
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Whereas 1 in _____ Canadian children live in poverty, 1 in _______ First Nations children
live in poverty. a. 6; 4 b. 10; 2 c. 5; 4 d. 10; 3 |
a. 6; 4
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Ideology refers to
a. principles based on empirical findings. b. the ideas that run society. c. just ways of stratifying society. d. beliefs and values that support social stratification. |
d. beliefs and values that support social stratification.
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Social class is based on all of the following except
a. individuals being born into positions of authority. b. individuals being born into positions that lack resources. c. individuals who work hard for success. d. individuals who are biologically superior to others. |
d. individuals who are biologically superior to others.
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What are horticultural societies characterized by?
a. a subsistence pattern of living whereby small nomadic groups lightly exploit animal and plant foods for immediate consumption b. an economic system based on domesticating animals and plants c. an economic system based on tending herds of large animals d. an economic system that employs plow technology |
b. an economic system based on domesticating animals and plants
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In Durkheim's analysis, worker integration could be achieved in developed economies
through the creation of a. human resource management. b. sociable events. c. occupational groups. d. support groups and organized counselling. |
c. occupational groups.
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What are post-industrial societies characterized by?
a. an economic system based on knowledge-based activities and the service sector b. an economic system based on using non-animate courses of energy c. an economic system based on domesticating animals and plants d. an economic system based on tending herds of large animals |
a. an economic system based on knowledge-based
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Critical analysis of how, and with what consequences, the category of "problem" worker
gets applied to particular persons in a work setting would most likely be taken up by a sociologist influenced by this theorist: a. Durkheim b. Marx c. Smith d. Foucault |
d. Foucault
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A defining feature of this type of legal entity is that it is not beholden to any particular
country, nor to any moral or ethical standard. a. bureaucracy b. corporation c. dictator d. cabinet |
5. b.corporation
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____stated that Aboriginal land rights required the signing of treaties.
a. The 1867 Constitution Act b. The 1987 Meech Lake Accord c. The 1763 Royal Proclamation d. The 1876 Indian Act |
c. The 1763 Royal Proclamation
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Your sociology professor works in this sector of the labour market:
a. primary b. tertiary c. secondary d. post-industrial |
a. primary
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The emergence of inequality is associated with the accumulation of animals.
a. True b. False |
a. True
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Which of the following is not consistent with the discussion of economy as discussed inthe
text? a. It is a social arrangement that organizes the production of goods. b. It is a social arrangement that distributes goods. c. It is a social arrangement that organizes the consumption of goods. d. It is a social arrangement with the capitalist economy at the peak of the economic hierarchy. |
d. It is a social arrangement with the capitalist economy at the peak of the economic hierarchy.
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Today farmers make up roughly 2 percent of the Canadian workforce, which suggests that
the tertiary sector peaked around the 19th century. a. True b. False |
b.False
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According to theorists coming from this perspective, once the demand for environmentally
friendly products increases, capitalists will rush to fill this need as an inevitable result of the free market. a. ecological modernization b. treadmill of production c. deep ecology d. sustainable development |
a. ecological modernization
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In his environmental sociology paper, Kiel suggests that Stephen Harper is more interested
in helping the oil companies make money than in protecting the environment. He is (or should be!) drawing upon this theory: a. ecological modernization b. deep ecology c. ecofemism d. treadmill of production |
d. treadmill of production
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Canada met its target of cutting greenhouse gas emissions in 2002 as per the Kyoto
Protocol. a. True b. False |
b. False
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The view of human beings as separate from, and above, the rest of nature is known as
a. anthropocentrism. b. eco-centrism. c. new environmental paradigm. d. human exceptionalism. |
a. anthropocentrism.
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Self-realization that a person is connected with all living things around him or her is a
premise of a. bioprospecting. b. the new ecological paradigm. c. ecofeminism. d. deep ecology. |
d. deep ecology.
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Some experts suggest that the next world war will be fought over
a. Fresh water b. Oil and gas c. Environmental policies d. Pollution |
a. Fresh water
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Which is not part of the five principles of environmental justice proposed by Bullard?
a. to prevent harm before it occurs b. to redress existing inequities c. to shift the burden of proof to polluters d. to minimize economic downturns |
d. to minimize economic downturns
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Air pollution is not really a concern in Canada because the country is so large.
a. True b. False |
b. False
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The type of discrimination against minority groups and people from poor countries who are
subjected to a disproportionate share of environmental hazards and polluting industries is known as a. ecological racism. b. environmental discrimination. c. environmental racism. d. racist environmentalism. |
c. environmental racism.
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Environmental sociology is a conscious endeavour to overcome the anthropocentrism of
our past. a. True b. False |
a. True
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This refers to the worldwide exchange of money, goods, and services as well as the sociocultural
changes that accompany increasing trade and human contact. a. imperialism b. social progress c. globalization d. homogenization |
c. globalization
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Which answer is not consistent with globalization today?
a. Economies are more interdependent. b. Economies are more intertwined. c. An exception to globalization is the fruits and vegetables we often eat. d. The power of individual nation-states to determine their own economic, political, and cultural destinies is declining. |
c. An exception to globalization is the fruits and vegetables we often eat.
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In 2008, ten well-known firms, Wal-Mart, Exxon, Toyota, and ING Group to name a few, were
responsible for more than a. 6.4 trillion in gross sales. b. 2.3 trillion in gross sales. c. 1.7 trillion in gross sales. d. 5.4 trillion in gross sales. |
b. 2.3 trillion in gross sales.
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A TNC refers to a multinational corporation whose defining feature includes
a. a strategic focus solely based on economic gains with little regard for national boundaries. b. a strategy based on the economic welfare of the countries in which they operate. c. a strategy based on corporate gain and an ISO 9000 regulation. d. A strategy that is driven by high standards, good quality, economic fairness, and environmental awareness. |
a. a strategic focus solely based on economic gains with little regard for national boundaries.
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Trickle-down theory believes
a. that those who help themselves will become wealthy. b. economic growth will help the poor. c. wealth flows from the top down. d. wealth flows from the bottom up. |
b. economic growth will help the poor.
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The inability of a person to sustain themselves on a daily basis is referred to as
a. relative poverty. b. absolute poverty. c. economic instability. d. global poverty |
b. absolute poverty.
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The Chinese proverb "Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed
him for a lifetime" is relevant when looking at a. industrial development in developing countries. b. the displacement of traditional economies. c. foreign aid. d. industrial investment. |
c. foreign aid.
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The International Labour Organization reports that in 2008 there were
a. 378 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day. b. 475 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day. c. 633 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day. d. 552 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day. |
c. 633 million workers worldwide who earned less than $1.25/day.
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In 2003 which country became the world's largest net recipient of foreign direct investment?
a. India b. Mexico c. China d. Colombia |
c . China
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More than half of transnational corporations are from just five nations. Which is NOT one of
those nations? a. Japan b. Germany c. United States d. China |
d. China
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In 2009, approximately ______percent of Canadians aged 16 and older went online.
a. 25 b. 50 c. 75 d. 80 |
d. 80
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According to this perspective, since the dominant media are commercial enterprises, their
content will reflect the interests of the rich and powerful. a. power elite model b. verstehen model c. communicative action d. propaganda model |
d. propaganda model
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_______________ views mass media as an important part of contemporary life; media is
part of a complex and multi-faceted process in which meaning is defined through a process of ongoing interaction with others. a. Functionalism b. Conflict theory c. Symbolic interactionism d. Feminism |
c. Symbolic interactionism
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Of the following, which is not one of the major goals underlying Canadian content (CanCon)
broadcasting regulations? a. displaying Canadian talent in entertainment programming b. offering information and analysis from a Canadian point of view c. reflecting Canadian attitudes, opinions, ideas, and values in programming d. marketing Canadian talent abroad |
d. marketing Canadian talent abroad
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According to this sociologist, post-modern societies focus on simulation and the creation
and interplay of images and signs. a. Baudrillard b. Foucault c. Marx d. Smith |
a. Baudrillard
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This famous phrase by McLuhan highlights the importance of studying the medium in our
analyses of technology. a. "The message is the medium." b. "The medium is the messenger." c. "The medium is the message." d. "The meaning is in the message." |
c. "The medium is the message."
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Which approach investigates media's patriarchal nature?
a. functionalism b. conflict theory c. symbolic interactionism d. feminism |
d. feminism
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_______________ suggests that the mass media is a vehicle used by the rich and powerful
to control the masses and reinforce their false consciousness. a. Functionalism b. Conflict theory c. Symbolic interactionism d. Feminism |
b. Conflict theory
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______________ can be defined as the transmission of messages by a person or group
through a device to a large audience. a. Mass media b. Modern media c. Mass communication d. Virtual communication |
c. Mass communication
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This approach argues that the media provides a unique and powerful ability to promote
common values and beliefs. a. functionalism b. conflict theory c. symbolic interactionism d. feminism |
a. functionalism
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