Psychology Chapters 4-6

Front 1

Our awareness of various mental processes, such as making decisions, daydreaming, reflecting and concentrating, is called _______.

Back 1

Consciousness.

Front 2

What aspect of circadian rhythms might explain why we tend to feel so tired at night?

Back 2

There is an organ in the brain sensitive to light changes, which then affects our sleepiness.

Front 3

Which of the following can be an emotional symptom of sleep deprivation?
A) Hyperactivity
B) Cheerfulness
C) Depression
D) Nausea

Back 3

C) Depression

Front 4

According to this theory, sleep is a product of evolution.

Back 4

Adaptive Theory

Front 5

The restorative theory views sleep as ______.

Back 5

Helping the body repair the wear and tear of the day's events.

Front 6

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the relationship of the total amount of sleep that an individual receives as a function of age?
A) We require more sleep as we age.
B) As we age, we tend to get less sleep.
C) We require much sleep during infancy and early childhood, less sleep in adolescence and early adulthood, and then more sleep in the middle and older age.
D) The amount of sleep we require solely depends on individual difference variables.

Back 6

B) As we age we tend to get less sleep.

Front 7

Periods of REM sleep alternate with periods of non-REM sleep in a cycle that recurs every ____ minutes

Back 7

90

Front 8

The deepest stage of sleep is _____.

Back 8

Stage 4

Front 9

REM behavior disorder results from _______.

Back 9

Failure of the brain mechanisms to block brain signals to the muscles.

Front 10

Judith is startled when her 6-year old daughter, Laura sleepwalks into the family room. Its most likely that Laura is experiencing the _________ stage of the sleep cycle.

Back 10

Fourth

Front 11

If you have been walking up too early for several weeks, you are probably suffering from ________.

Back 11

Insomnia

Front 12

To treat your sleep problem you are told that you should not nap you should set your alarm clock to wake up at the same time each day, and you should get out of bed if you cannot sleep. What sleep disorder are you experiencing?

Back 12

Insomnia

Front 13

Jim is 56 years old and slightly overweight. His wife reports that he snores loudly. What sleep disorder seems to fit Jim's symptoms?

Back 13

Sleep Apnea

Front 14

Your friend has experienced excessive daytime sleepiness. He is laughing with you and suddenly falls to the ground. Your friend is probably suffering from _______.

Back 14

Narcolepsy

Front 15

A newspaper advertisement describes a book that offers interpretations of dreams in attempting to tell readers the meaning of symbols in their dreams, the author intends to describe the ________.

Back 15

Latent Content

Front 16

How does the activation-synthesis hypothesis explain dreaming?

Back 16

The cortex making sense of signals from the brain stem.

Front 17

Which of the following statements is correct concerning the concept of gender and dreams?
A) Men and women typically dream about similar things.
B) Men dream more each night than women.
C) Research reports that men and women differ in the things they dream about.
D) Women tend to dream twice as much as men

Back 17

C) Research reports that men an women differ in the things they dream about.

Front 18

The key to hypnotic induction seem to be related to ________.

Back 18

state of suggestibility

Front 19

Which of the following statements is correct concerning hypnosis?
A) The hypnotist is always in control
B) A hypnotized person is an involuntary condition of suggestion
C) People will do things they would not ordinarily do when they are under hypnosis
D) A person who is under hypnosis is really in cotrol of his or her behavior

Back 19

D) A person who is under hypnosis is really in control of his or her behavior.

Front 20

Which of the following statements is correct concerning what hypnosis can do?
A) Hypnosis can create amnesia
B)Hypnosis can give a person superhuman strength
C) Hypnosis can improve intelligence
D) Hypnosis can improve memory

Back 20

A) Hypnosis can create amnesia

Front 21

Which of the following people will be helped by hypnosis?
A) Jeff who would like to run faster
B) Celia who wants a better memory
C) Kiesha who wants to remember what happened to her when she was 4 years old
D) Carlos, who wants to stop thinking about his foot pain.

Back 21

D) Carlos who wants to stop thinking about his foot pain.

Front 22

Chemicals that can alter thinking perception and memory are called ______.

Back 22

Psychoactive drugs

Front 23

The two most important symptoms of substance dependence are _______ and ________.

Back 23

Tolerance and withdraw

Front 24

After taking a drug for several years, Bruce decides to quit taking the drug. He begins to experience a variety of physical symptoms, psychological symptoms such as irritability and a strong craving for the substance. What term is used to describe what Bruce is feeling?

Back 24

Withdrawal

Front 25

The need to take a drug in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms is called

Back 25

Physical dependence

Front 26

Selma notices that as her supply of marijuana decreases she starts thinking of where she can get another supply as well as feeling nervous and anxious. This is an example of ________.

Back 26

Psychological dependence

Front 27

If Frank is using a drug that causes addiction in nearly 75% of those who use it, he is probably ingesting ________.

Back 27

Crack

Front 28

One major danger of barbituates is __________.

Back 28

Drug Interaction

Front 29

Jane is experiencing loss of equilibrium, decreased sensory and motor capabilities and double vision. How many drinks is Jane likely to have had?

Back 29

8-10

Front 30

Morphine and heroine duplicate the action of ________.

Back 30

endorphin's

Front 31

Which statement is correct concerning marijuana?
A) There is evidence that marijuana is physically addictive
B) There is evidence that marijuana is psychologically addictive
C) There is evidence that marijuana causes cancer
D) Marijuana usage can lead to psychological dependence

Back 31

D) Marijuana usage can lead to psychological dependence

Front 32

Lusia jas just drifted off to sleep on the sofa and is almost immediatly awakened by her mother who urges her to go to bed. Louisa insists that she was not sleeping but is now terrified by the ghost she is sure she has seen. Louisa is probably experiencing a(n) __________.

Back 32

hypnogogic hallucination

Front 33

Learning is said to be relatively permanent change in behavior beacuse ____________.
A) It is thought that learning changes the nerve fiber patterns in your muscles
B) once you learn something, you will never fail to remember it or carry out the correct action
C) It is thought that when learning occurs some part of the brain physically changes
D) memory processes unlike learnin processes are not permanent

Back 33

C) it is thought that when learning occurs some part of the brain physically changes

Front 34

As an infant, Stephanie recieved many pencillin injections from the doctor. When she later saw a photographer in a white coat, she started to cry. This is an example of _________.

Back 34

Classical conditioning

Front 35

Normally, when food is placed in the mouth of any animal, the salivary glands start releasing saliva to help with chewing and digestion. In terms of Pavlovs analysis of learning salivation would be referred to as _________.

Back 35

An unconditioned response

Front 36

Which of the following events most intrigued Pavlov and led to his discoveries?
A) The dogs seemed to enjoy the food
B) The assistant salivated along with the dogs when the dogs started to eat
C) The dogs stopped salivating after seeing the assistant so many times
D) The dogs started to salivate when they saw Pavlov's assistant and before they got the food.

Back 36

D) The dogs started to salivate when they saw Pavlov's assistant and before they got the food.

Front 37

In a conditioning experiment a sound is paired with a brief puff of air to the eye of the rabbit. After several pairings, the rabbit ultimately blinks its eye when it hears the sound. Which of the following is true?
A) The blinking of the eye serves as stimulus
B) The puff of air serves as the unconditioned stimulus
C) The puff of air serves as the conditioned stimulus
D) The blinking of the eye serves as the conditioned stimulus

Back 37

B) The puff of air serves as the unconditioned stimulus.