Psych Test Bank 1 Chapter 12

Front 1

The basic components of emotion are

A) sympathetic arousal, parasympathetic inhibition, and cognitive labeling.
B) physical gestures, facial expressions, and psychological drives.
C) expressive behaviors, physiological arousal, and conscious experience.
D) cognition, affect, and behavior.

Back 1

C) expressive behaviors, physiological arousal, and conscious experience.

Front 2

The James-Lange theory of emotion states that

A) to experience emotion is to be aware of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event.
B) the expression of emotion reduces our level of physiological arousal.
C) an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers both physiological arousal and the subjective experience of emotion.
D) to experience emotion we must be physically aroused and able to cognitively label the emotion.

Back 2

A) to experience emotion is to be aware of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event.

Front 3

Cassandra's mother told her, “You know you are in love when your heart beats fast and you experience that unique trembling feeling inside.” This remark best illustrates the ________ theory of emotion.

A) Cannon-Bard

B) two-factor

C) catharsis

D) James-Lange

Back 3

D) James-Lange

Front 4

The idea that an emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system is central to the

A) James-Lange theory.

B) relative deprivation principle.

C) two-factor theory.

D) Cannon-Bard theory

Back 4

D) Cannon-Bard theory

Front 5

The two-factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ________ than does the James-Lange theory.

A) cognitive activity

B) subjective well-being

C) physiological arousal

D) catharsis

Back 5

A) cognitive activity

Front 6

According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ________ and ________.

A) facial expressions; a cognitive label
B) emotion-arousing events; physical arousal

C) physical arousal; overt behavior

D) a cognitive label; physical arousal

Back 6

D) a cognitive label; physical arousal

Front 7

Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty while he was taking a difficult test, Harley concluded that he was “anxious.” Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty when an attractive lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was “falling in love.” The differing emotions experienced by Harley can best be explained by the

A) relative deprivation principle.

B) James-Lange theory.

C) two-factor theory.

D) catharsis hypothesis.

Back 7

C) two-factor theory.

Front 8

A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is

A) acetylcholine.

B) epinephrine.

C) testosterone.

D) insulin

Back 8

B) epinephrine.

Front 9

As her professor distributed the mathematics test to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These physiological reactions were activated by her ________ nervous system.

A) sympathetic

B) central

C) somatic

D) parasympathetic

Back 9

A) sympathetic

Front 10

Test performance is typically ________ when physiological arousal is ________.

A) best; moderate

B) worst; moderate

C) best; very low

D) best; very high

Back 10

A) best; moderate

Front 11

For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a(n)

A) electrocardiograph.

B) electroencephalograph.

C) myograph.

D) polygraph

Back 11

D) polygraph

Front 12

Boyd, a suspect in a criminal investigation, has agreed to take a lie detector test. The machine used in this test is most likely to measure his

A) blood sugar levels.

B) pupil dilation.

C) hormone secretions.

D) perspiration levels.

Back 12

D) perspiration levels

Front 13

A polygraph examination of a suspected murderer included an assessment of his reaction to a detailed description of the victim's clothing and death wounds—details that would be known only to a person at the scene of the crime. The investigators were using the

A) catharsis hypothesis.
B) facial feedback effect.

C) guilty knowledge test.

D) adaptation-level phenomenon

Back 13

C) guilty knowledge test.

Front 14

In one experiment, college men were injected with epinephrine before spending time with either a joyful or an irritated person. The results of this experiment support the idea that

A) some emotions can be experienced apart from cognition.
B) there are subtle but distinct physiological differences among the emotions.
C) our experience of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal.
D) happiness is largely a function of experience

Back 14

C) our experience of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal.

Front 15

Lee was momentarily terrified as a passing automobile nearly sideswiped his car. When one of his passengers joked that he almost had a two-color car, Lee laughed uncontrollably. Lee's emotional volatility best illustrates the

A) adaptation-level phenomenon.
B) relative deprivation principle.

C) catharsis hypothesis.

D) spillover effect.

Back 15

D) spillover effect.

Front 16

Unlike the low-road brain pathway, the high road for emotional responses extends through the

A) thalamus.

B) cortex.

C) hypothalamus.

D) cerebellum

Back 16

B) cortex.

Front 17

Chiana and her husband both want to feel and express greater warmth and affection for each other. They would be advised to spend time looking intently at one another's

A) eyes.

B) lips.

C) hand gestures.

D) body postures.

Back 17

A) eyes.

Front 18

People are especially good at quickly detecting facial expressions of

A) anger.

B) surprise.

C) happiness.

D) boredom

Back 18

A) anger.

Front 19

People often overestimate the clarity of their intentions in their e-mails because they underestimate the importance of ________ in communication.

A) relative deprivation

B) the spillover effect

C) tones of voice

D) the adaptation-level phenomenon

Back 19

C) tones of voice

Front 20

If a gender-neutral face is made to look angry, most people perceive it as ________. If asked to imagine an angry face, most identify it as ________.

A) male; female

B) female; male

C) male; male

D) female; female

Back 20

C) male; male

Front 21

Compared with males, females are more likely to cry and report distress when observing someone in distress. This best illustrates

A) the adaptation-level phenomenon.

B) the spillover effect.

C) relative deprivation.

D) empathy

Back 21

D) empathy

Front 22

In which country are people most likely to convey visible facial expressions of their inner feelings?

A) China

B) Australia

C) Japan

D) India

Back 22

B) Australia

Front 23

People experience a mood shift when they switch from taking short shuffling steps to taking long strides and swinging their arms by their sides. This best illustrates

A) the adaptation-level phenomenon.
B) the spillover effect.

C) the behavior feedback phenomenon.

D) the feel-good, do good phenomenon

Back 23

C) the behavior feedback phenomenon.

Front 24

Imitating another person's facial expression of emotion is most likely to facilitate

A) the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.
B) the catharsis of aggressive feelings.

C) parasympathetic nervous system activity.

D) empathy

Back 24

D) empathy

Front 25

Most young children are fearful of bees, even though they have never been stung by one. This best illustrates that fear

A) is a maladaptive response.
B) can be learned through observation.

C) is genetically determined.

D) results from relative deprivation

Back 25

B) can be learned through observation.

Front 26

Research on human fear indicates that

A) fear is more often a poisonous emotion than an adaptive one.
B) people but not animals may acquire fear through observational learning.
C) people seem to be biologically predisposed to learn some fears more quickly than others.
D) genetic factors are unimportant in understanding fearfulness.

Back 26

C) people seem to be biologically predisposed to learn some fears more quickly than others.

Front 27

A friend's misdeed is especially likely to trigger feelings of anger if the misdeed is perceived as

A) a spontaneous remission.

B) a spillover effect.

C) cathartic.

D) willful

Back 27

D) willful

Front 28

The term catharsis refers to emotional

A) disturbance.

B) inhibition.

C) release.

D) adaptation.

Back 28

C) release.

Front 29

According to the catharsis hypothesis, retaliating against someone who provokes us can calm us down because retaliation

A) relieves aggressive urges.
B) reduces the spillover effect.

C) promotes problem-focused coping.

D) triggers the general adaptation syndrome

Back 29

A) relieves aggressive urges

Front 30

Rosaria is upset with her husband for not putting his dirty clothes in the laundry basket. Anger experts would most likely recommend that she deal with her frustration by saying to him

A) “I'm not your mother. Take some responsibility.”
B) “From now on I'm going to leave my dirty clothes around for you to pick up.”
C) “It annoys me that you leave your dirty clothes for me to pick up.”
D) “I refuse to make dinner until you do the laundry.”

Back 30

C) “It annoys me that you leave your dirty clothes for me to pick up.”

Front 31

The feel-good, do-good phenomenon refers to the fact that when people feel happy they

A) are more willing to help others.
B) make decisions more effectively.

C) experience a more positive self-image.

D) report greater satisfaction with their whole lives.

Back 31

A) are more willing to help others.

Front 32

Subjective well-being refers to

A) empathy.

B) relative deprivation.

C) self-perceived happiness.

D) physiological arousal.

Back 32

C) self-perceived happiness.

Front 33

After receiving very bad news, people ________ the duration of their negative emotions.

A) overestimate

B) accurately estimate

C) slightly underestimate

D) radically underestimate

Back 33

A) overestimate

Front 34

Enjoying your second piece of pie less than your first illustrates

A) the spillover effect.
B) relative deprivation.

C) the general adaptation syndrome.

D) the diminishing returns phenomenon

Back 34

D) the diminishing returns phenomenon

Front 35

People are likely to experience higher levels of ________ if they seek to contribute to their communities rather than simply strive for personal wealth and power.

A) relative deprivation

B) facial feedback

C) subjective well-being

D) the general adaptation syndrome

Back 35

C) subjective well-being

Front 36

Which of the following best explains why, for those who are not poor, more money buys little more than a temporary surge of happiness?

A) the spillover effect
B) the general adaptation syndrome

C) the adaptation-level phenomenon

D) the do-good, feel-good phenomenon

Back 36

C) the adaptation-level phenomenon

Front 37

Relative deprivation refers to the tendency for our personal happiness to be heavily influenced by

A) genetics.

B) previous experiences.

C) physiological arousal.

D) others' attainments.

Back 37

D) others' attainments.

Front 38

Haley's parents bought her a used bicycle for her birthday. She was thrilled until she learned that her best friend received a brand new bicycle for her birthday. Haley's declining satisfaction illustrates

A) relative deprivation.
B) the adaptation-level phenomenon.

C) the catharsis hypothesis.

D) the facial feedback effect.

Back 38

A) relative deprivation.

Front 39

One way for people to improve their own subjective well-being is to

A) focus more attention on themselves.
B) participate in regular aerobic exercise.

C) overestimate how much they can accomplish.

D) do all of these things

Back 39

B) participate in regular aerobic exercise.