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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Of all the developments that take place during the second decade of life, the only one that is truly inevitable is:
A. physical maturation. B. an identity crisis. C. rebellion against one's parents. D. the first experience of romantic love. |
A. physical maturation.
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The physical transformation from child to adult is called:
A. puberty. B. early adolescence. C. middle adolescence. D. late adolescence. |
A. puberty.
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According to the textbook, puberty involves all of the following except
A. development of the primary sex characteristics. B. changes in distribution of fat and muscle in the body. C. development of secondary sex characteristics. D. increases in intellectual functioning |
D. increases in intellectual functioning
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Which of the following statements about the production of hormones at puberty is false?
A. The body begins to produce several hormones that have not been present in the body up until this time. B. There is an increase in the production of certain hormones. C. Boys' bodies produce more androgens and girls' bodies produce more estrogens. D. The feedback loop regulating the endocrine system's set point for each hormone becomes increasingly important. |
A. The body begins to produce several hormones that have not been present in the body up until this time.
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The presence or absence of certain hormones early in life may "program" the brain and the nervous system to develop incertain ways later on. These hormones are considered:
A. androgens. B. estrogens. C. organizational. D. activational. |
C. organizational.
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Which of the following statements about prenatal development is not true?
A. Up until about eight weeks after conception, all human brains are feminine. B. Puberty is part of a gradual process that begins at conception. C. All hormones necessary for puberty are present before birth. D. The amount of cortisol exposed to the fetus is directly linked to the timing and tempo of puberty |
B. Puberty is part of a gradual process that begins at conception.
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Which of the following statements suggests that rising levels of the protein leptin is an important signal that tells the body it isready for puberty?
A. Production of pubic hair relates to increased sex drive. B. Excessive thinness can delay onset of puberty. C. Poorer adolescents tend to go through puberty earlier than non-poor adolescents. D. Excessive exercise promotes early physical development. |
B. Excessive thinness can delay onset of puberty.
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Ten-year-old Luna's budding feelings of sexual attraction are most likely explained:
A. by maturation of the adrenal glands through the process called adrenarche. B. by maturation of the gonads through a process called menarche. C. as rising levels of leptin instruct her hypothalamus to set the hormonal changes of puberty in motion. D. as increases in sex hormones activate her HPG axis. |
A. by maturation of the adrenal glands through the process called adrenarche.
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The simultaneous release of growth hormones, thyroid hormones, and _________ stimulates rapid acceleration in height andweight during puberty.
A. pituitary glands B. estrogens C. androgens D. thyroid glands |
C. androgens
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The adolescent growth spurt:
A. generally begins two years earlier for girls than for boys. B. generally begins two years earlier for boys than for girls. C. is slower in the early adolescent years, then speeds up around age 15 for boys and girls. D. proceeds along a smooth and rapid course over the teen years. |
A. generally begins two years earlier for girls than for boys.
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Who is at the greatest risk of developing body dissatisfaction?
A. Callie, an early-maturing, affluent White girl who compares herself to her friends B. Miranda, a late-maturing Black girl C. John, an early-maturing Black male who compares himself to his friends D. Mike, a late-maturing White male who feels he is not muscular enough |
A. Callie, an early-maturing, affluent White girl who compares herself to her friends
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Although both sexes experience changes in muscle tissue and body fat, the ratio of muscle to body fat is:
A. greater in boys than girls. B. greater in girls than boys. C. about the same in both genders. D. greater in early-maturing girls than in late-maturing boys |
A. greater in boys than girls
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The rapid increase in body fat that adolescent girls experience:
A. leads to a majority of adolescent girls dieting unnecessarily. B. leads to an increase in healthy eating patterns among adolescent girls. C. increases vulnerability to feelings of body dissatisfaction for Black adolescent girls. D. is seen by the Centers for Disease Control as a major risk factor for obesity among adolescent girls. |
A. leads to a majority of adolescent girls dieting unnecessarily.
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All of the following are reasons that males have greater gains in strength than females during early adolescence, except:
A. increased production of androgens among females. B. strong societal pressures on girls to decrease their physical activity in adolescence. C. inadequate nutrition among adolescent girls. D. sex differences in body fat. |
B. strong societal pressures on girls to decrease their physical activity in adolescence.
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Which of the following is probably true for Ashley, an early-maturing girl who was short and stocky as a child?
A. After puberty, she will be shorter and heavier than her late-maturing peers. B. After puberty, she will be shorter and thinner than her late-maturing peers. C. After puberty, she will be taller and heavier than her late-maturing peers. D. After puberty, she will be taller and thinner than her late-maturing peers. |
A. After puberty, she will be shorter and heavier than her late-maturing peers.
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The first sign of puberty in girls is generally:
A. growth of breasts. B. underarm hair. C. menarche. D. acne. |
A. growth of breasts.
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Which of the following female sex characteristics is usually the last to develop?
A. menarche B. regular ovulation C. development of the nipples of the breasts D. growth of pubic hair |
B. regular ovulation
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Which of the following statements about the timing and tempo of sexual maturation is true?
A. In the United States, and in all other countries, menarche typically occurs around age 12. B. The duration of puberty varies widely, from 1.5 to 6 years in girls and 2 to 5 years in boys. C. Adolescents who begin puberty early are also those who complete it early. D. Adolescents who begin puberty earlier usually grow to be taller adults. |
B. The duration of puberty varies widely, from 1.5 to 6 years in girls and 2 to 5 years in boys.
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Based on research addressing ethnic differences in the timing and rate of pubertal maturation, which American girl would beexpected to be the earliest to mature?
A. Brandy, a middle-income Black adolescent B. Miranda, a middle-income Mexican adolescent C. Emily, a middle-income White adolescent D. Kimberly, a middle-income Asian adolescent |
A. Brandy, a middle-income Black adolescent
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Differences in the timing and rate of puberty among individuals growing up in the same general environment are largelycaused by:
A. hormonal factors. B. genetic factors. C. environmental factors. D. None of the above |
B. genetic factors.
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According to the textbook, Julie, a seventeen-year-old living in a college dormitory, has noticed that her menstrual periodshave begun to synchronize with _____, which is compelling evidence that social relationships can affect biologicalfunctioning.
A. the time her female roommate menstruates B. her most stressful days of the month C. days she feels most sexually aroused D. her biological sister living in a different city |
A. the time her female roommate menstruates
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Puberty began for Nancy when she was 9 years old. Her mother began puberty at 11 years. For her grandmother, the onset wasat 13 years of age. These changes in the age of onset of puberty over time are referred to as:
A. cross-sectional trend. B. secular trend. C. longitudinal trend. D. physiologic trend |
B. secular trend.
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The biological changes that take place during puberty can cause changes in adolescents' behavior in all of the following ways,except:
A. directly. B. by affecting the adolescent's self-image. C. by affecting the reactions of others to the adolescent. D. All of these are ways in which biological changes occurring in puberty can cause changes in adolescents' behavior. |
D. All of these are ways in which biological changes occurring in puberty can cause changes in adolescents' behavior.
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A research design in which subjects of different ages are assessed simultaneously is called a:
A. longitudinal study. B. cross-sectional study. C. cross-sequential study. D. correlational study |
B. cross-sectional study.
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Which of the following statements about adolescent mood swings is false?
A. The effect of hormones on adolescent mood swings is strongest early in puberty. B. Adolescents' moods fluctuate during the course of the day more than the moods of adults. C. Adolescent mood swings parallel their changes in activities. D. Hormones play a greater role in the development of depression than do stressful life events |
D. Hormones play a greater role in the development of depression than do stressful life events
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Studies show that adolescent mood swings are most closely related to changes in:
A. hormone levels. B. family relationships. C. nutrition. D. activities |
D. activities
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Given a choice, Mike would prefer to stay up until 1:00 a.m. and sleep until 10:00 a.m. This pattern is called the:
A. secular trend. B. delayed phase preference. C. longitudinal design. D. adolescent growth spurt. |
B. delayed phase preference
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The delayed phase preference suggests that:
A. adolescents should not be taught sex education until high school. B. school should be held year-round. C. school should begin later in the morning. D. school should begin earlier in the morning |
C. school should begin later in the morning.
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Which of the following statements about puberty's impact on family relationships is true?
A. Puberty appears to increase distance between parents and children. B. Other species do not experience distance during the pubertal transition. C. Distancing effect of puberty on adolescent-parent relationships is consistently observed in minority families. D. Puberty does not interfere with family relations. |
A. Puberty appears to increase distance between parents and children.
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Which of the following girls will experience the greatest menstrual discomfort?
A. Sarita, who is prepared for the physical changes B. Alison, who is a late maturer C. Loryn, who has a negative attitude toward menarche D. Janet, who is unpopular among her classmates |
C. Loryn, who has a negative attitude toward menarche
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Which of the following conditions is most likely to produce the most favorable and easiest adjustment to menarche?
A. when the girl's mother prepares her by describing the unpleasant aspects of menarche B. when the girl reaches menarche early C. when menarche occurs before the girl has been told about the physical changes which will occur D. when the girl knows the facts about the physical changes her body will undergo |
D. when the girl knows the facts about the physical changes her body will undergo
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Suzanne and Greg are the first members of their class to begin the pubertal transition. Based on what you know about earlymaturingadolescents, Suzanne and Greg are more likely to:
A. become involved in illegal activities. B. do better in school. C. be ostracized by their classmates. D. get along with their parents |
A. become involved in illegal activities.
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Mike, an early maturer, is more likely to __________ than Bob, a late maturer.
A. experience pseudomaturity B. suffer greater consequences if bullied by peers C. experiment with drugs and alcohol D. All of the above |
D. All of the above
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Avram is considered a late-maturing boy. A year after pubertal onset, we would expect Avram to show all of the followingadvantages over his early-maturing peers, except:
A. greater athletic ability. B. more intellectual curiosity. C. greater exploratory behavior. D. higher levels of social initiative. |
A. greater athletic ability.
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Which of the following characteristics is not typically associated with being an early-maturing girl?
A. feelings of awkwardness and self-consciousness B. being less popular, especially with boys C. being more likely to become involved in juvenile delinquency D. being less likely to pursue advanced education and a demanding career |
B. being less popular, especially with boys
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Which of the following was not offered by the textbook as an explanation for the sex differences in the impact of early and latematuration?
A. the cultural desirability of thin body types B. the developmental readiness hypothesis C. the maturational deviance hypothesis D. genetic makeup |
D. genetic makeup
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The impact of early maturation on problem behaviors or depression is worse when:
A. adolescents have many stressful life events. B. have harsh or inconsistent parents. C. live in disadvantaged neighborhoods. D. All of the above |
D. All of the above
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Follow-up studies of Swedish women who had been early maturers found that as adults they were:
A. unable to develop coping skills. B. less likely to continue their education beyond high school. C. more likely to continue their education beyond high school. D. indistinguishable from those who had been late maturers. |
B. less likely to continue their education beyond high school.
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Which of the following statements about the secular trend is true?
A. There is currently no evidence that boys have followed the secular trend. B. Evidence for the secular trend in boys can be found in reports from European children's choirs. C. Experts agree that the secular trend (for boys and girls) has indeed continued in recent years. D. Scientists believe that the secular trend is caused by chemicals in the food supply |
B. Evidence for the secular trend in boys can be found in reports from European children's choirs.
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Which group is most at risk for obesity?
A. late-maturing Black girls B. early-maturing Black girls C. early-maturing White boys D. early-maturing White girls |
B. early-maturing Black girls
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Rosy believes that "fat is beautiful" and has a steady diet of fried chicken, French fries, and cheeseburgers. Tanya believesthat "thin is in" and uses vomiting and laxatives as a way to keep her weight down. Both girls exhibit what psychologistscall:
A. disordered eating. B. bulimia. C. anorexia nervosa. D. normal adolescent eating patterns |
A. disordered eating.
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Theresa has been known to go on eating binges and then purge immediately afterward. Theresa is probably suffering from:
A. anorexia nervosa. B. bulimia. C. binge eating disorder D. obesity. |
B. bulimia.
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The potentially fatal disorder in which young women actually starve themselves is called:
A. bulimia. B. anorexia nervosa. C. obesity nervosa. D. purging. |
B. anorexia nervosa.
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Who of the following is likely to gain excess weight during adolescence?
A. Mary, who gets inadequate sleep on school nights but sleeps in on the weekends B. Kevin, who gets insufficient physical inactivity, but lives near recreational facilities C. Tony whose friends are relatively overweight D. All of these adolescents are likely to gain excessive weight during puberty. |
D. All of these adolescents are likely to gain excessive weight during puberty.
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Who most closely resembles the profile of someone who has binge eating disorder?
A. Steve, a wrestler who nearly starves himself so he can stay in his weight bracket B. Carla, a gymnast who binges on junk food but makes herself vomit after each meal C. Howard, a football player who believes he is overweight and exercises twice a day, seven days a week D. Sherri, a volleyball player who binges on junk food but does not engage in any other weight loss behaviors |
B. Carla, a gymnast who binges on junk food but makes herself vomit after each meal
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Which of the following is not associated with the "new morbidity and mortality" of adolescence?
A. accidents B. suicide C. homicide D. cancer |
D. cancer
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The most virulent threats to adolescent health come from all of the following, except:
A. unhealthy behaviors, such as drug use. B. chronic disabilities, such as cancer. C. violence inflicted by themselves or by others. D. risky activities, such as unprotected sexual intercourse. |
B. chronic disabilities, such as cancer.
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Which adolescent is at highest risk for suicide?
A. Black males B. Hispanic females C. White females D. American Indian/Alaskan Native males |
D. American Indian/Alaskan Native males
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Almost half of all teenage deaths in the United States are a result of:
A. car accidents and other unintentional injuries. B. suicide. C. homicide. D. sexually transmitted infections. |
A. car accidents and other unintentional injuries.
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Based on information presented in the textbook, in the United States today, which of the following strategies would be theleast efficient way to promote adolescent health?
A. increasing adolescents' knowledge and understanding of health-promoting behaviors B. changing an aspect of the context in which adolescents live C. ensuring that school bathrooms are sanitary D. parental encouragement of adolescent exercise |
C. ensuring that school bathrooms are sanitary
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