Polestar Pilates - Contraindications For Exercises

Front 1

Explain Disc herniation

Back 1

when the nucleus pulposus bulges through tear in disc annulus

local back pain

pressure on nerve roots and tingling in the extremities

normally in lumbar spine

from forward bending and rotation in lumbar (i.e lifting heavy weight without adequate support)

no flexion!

Front 2

Contraindication for Supine exercises

Back 2

1. mid to late preg > 12 weeks

2. recent acute disc herniation

Front 3

Why no supine for mid/late preg?

why no flexions?

Back 3

Supine:weight of uterus on inferior vena cava, decreases CO, dec blood flow to mother and child (hypotension)

Flexion: can cause rectus bulge causing diastasic recti to develop and leads to lumbar instability and maybe abdominal her

Front 4

contraindications for flexion

Back 4

1. Osteoporosis

2. Mid/late stage preg

3. Disc Herniation

Front 5

why no flexion for osteoporosis?

Back 5

demineralisation of bone tissue

bone is fragile

no spine flexion or rotation - put pressure on anterior vertebral bodies and compress the spine

only can do extension! and with head on ground for lower abs.

Front 6

3 contraindications for extension

Back 6

1. Stenosis

2. Spondylolisthesis

3. Facet Joint syndrome

Front 7

What is Stenosis

Back 7

narrowing of the spinal canal (nerves pass through here as they exit the spinal cord)

No extension

back pain

tingling

intermittent pain in one or both legs

Front 8

what is spondylolisthesis

Back 8

defect in the vertebral arch

vertebrae moves forward and puts pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots

often at L5-S1 or L4-L5

lower back pain, neurological damage

unstable joint

no extension

Front 9

what is facet joint syndrome?

Back 9

locking of facet joint on one side of the spine

leads to lower back pain

no extension

no lateral flexion to that side

Front 10

contraindications for lateral flexion

Back 10

1. facet joint syndrome

2. osteoporosis

3. stenosis

Front 11

lower extremity precautions

Back 11

1. pelvis instabilities

2. osteitis pubis

3. total hip replacement

4. trochanteric burstis

Front 12

what are the 2 pelvis instabilities? and what exercises should you be aware of?

Back 12

1. sacroiliac joint dysfunction

2. pubic symphysis seperation

careful of:

single legged weight bearing

assymmetrical leg movements

Front 13

explain these pelvis instabilities

Back 13

pre-post natal period - more than likely

due to production of relaxin

joint instable

Front 14

what is osteitis pubis? exercises to avoid?

Back 14

inflammation of the pubic bones near the midline

can result from repetitive athletic movements = movement at pubic symphysis

overload of adductor muscles and superficial abs can contribute

avoid:

single legged weight bearing,

assymmetrical leg movements

bilateral adductor resistance

Front 15

explain total hip replacement and what to avoid

Back 15

when replace femoral head with metal ball

trauma to hip abductors which stabilise the hip

avoid hip joint dislocation by:

no flexion of hip greater than 90

no internal rotation

no adduction

Front 16

explain trochanteric bursitis and what to avoid

Back 16

inflammation of the bursa between femur and iliotibial band

no sidelying

Front 17

what are the upper extremities precautions?

Back 17

1. Thoracic outlet Syndrome

2. Shoulder Impingement

3. Carpal Tunnel

Front 18

what is thoracic outlet syndrome, exercises to avoid?

Back 18

compromise of blood vessels between the base of the neck and armpit

associated with accessory breathing and head forward posture or depressed scapula

avoid

goal post

no excessive shoulder depression

Front 19

what is shoulder impingement, exercises to avoid?

Back 19

head of the humerus compresses supraspinatous tendon, infraspinatus tendon OR subacrominal bursa against the coracoacromial arch of the scapula.

pain in shoulder, lateral arm, weakness of U/B

Avoid:

any chance of impingement: elevation, internal rotation, hortizontal adduction

Front 20

what is carpal tunnel and exercises to avoid

Back 20

nerve entrapment

numbness and pain in hand, esp at night

avoid:

weight bearing U/B

no gripping

Front 21

what are the contraindications for inversion?

Back 21

1. Glaucoma

2. Hypertension

3. Gastric Reflux

Front 22

why these 3?

Back 22

glaucoma: elevated pressure in the eye, increase and kill optic nerve

hypertension: no hips above the heart to increase B/P

gastric reflux: backward flow to stomach acid into esophagus. Try no food 2 hours before

Front 23

Osteoarthritis

Back 23

damage to the joint cartilage - therefore bone rubs on bone.

pain and inflammation around joint

loss of ROM and function

avoid:

weight bearing of those joints in body

need to :

maintain and build strength around those joints

excessive movement or work may aggravate symptoms therfore rest

Front 24

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Back 24

immune-mediated condition

erosion of joint cartilages leads to arthritis in many joints esp hand and feet

mavoid :

weight bearing, gripping

need to:

rest is symptoms occur

Front 25

adverse neutral tension

Back 25

trauma to tissue around nerves can lead to scar tissue formation which pins down nerves at that level.

stretching can produce numbness, tingling, burning, headaches

normally associated with sciatic nerve therefore no long sit, dorsiflex ankle and no full flex spine

Avoid:

Supine flexion

hip flexion

knee extension

ankle dorsiflexion

Front 26

Neurological precautions

Back 26

e.g. parkinson, ALS, Multiple sclerosis

or recovery from head trauma

avoid exercise to fatigue

avoid over heating