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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does the renin angiotensin system regulate |
Blood pressure and water balance |
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What results in the secretion of renin and production of angiotensin II |
Increased renal sympathetic nerve activity, decreased BP, decreased glomerular filtration |
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What causes increased Na and water resorption into the bloody |
Increased BP and secretion if aldosterone |
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What does it mean if your suffering from high bp and not get treated |
Thr body will try to regulate with the heart to compensate, hypertrophy of the cells of the heart eill get bigger to pump more efficiently. Hypertrophic remodelling of the heart until it becomes decompensated and the cells will bail leading to heart failure |
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What is angiotensin II |
A potent vasoconstrictor, increases bp |
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How does angiotensinogen get to angiotensin II |
Renin cleaves angiotensinogen and produces angiotensin I. Angiotensin I acts as a substrate for ACE anD cleaves it to produce angiotensin II |
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What does angiotensin I-7 have |
Opposite effects of angiotensin II- acts as a potent vasodilator |
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What produces the I-7 component of angiotensin I-7? |
ACE2 |
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What is renin produced in and what is it controlled by |
renin produced in the kindey Release if renin is controlled by blood pressure, sodium levels, water levels and symptathetic input |
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Whats the two different types of renin |
Tissue renin Circulating renin |
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What is circulating renin |
Produced by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney Release controlled by blood pressure, na and sympathetic nerves |
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What is tissue renin |
Components if the RAS found in the heart, blood vessels and cardiovascular centres Components produced locally or captured from circulation |
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What is release of aldosterone important in |
In regulating bp as it enhances sodium resorption in the body and ultimately increase retention of sodium, water and increase bp |
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How do we get regulationnir renin from the kidney |
Epithelial like cells in the kidney, if we stimulate with sympathetic neuronal input, renal perfusion oressure and low NaCL, these cells will pick up wnd measure the level of NaCl going through the kidney. Low renal perfusion gets a release of prostaglandins which activate kidney to allow release of renin |
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What are all the actions of angiotensin II |
Vasoconstriction, stimulation of aldosterone sectetion, direct effect on kidney to cause Na and water retention(this leads to raised blood vol and bp) feedback inhibition of renin secretion, increase in sympathetic nerve activity, stimulates secretion of ADH which will also lead to increased bp |
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What other things can angiotensin II increase |
Increases intracellular calcium Increases pro inflammatory factors like nfkb Increase oxidative stress |
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AT1 receptor AngII > AngIII when is receptor activated |
During vasoconstriction and cardiac hypertrophy |
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What is coupled to AT1 receptor and what does it cause |
Coupled to phospholipase C- increase in IP3 formation Coupled to adenyl cyclase Coupled to MAP kinase pathway leading to increased production of growth factors and increased production of ECM proteins |
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What does stimulation of AT2 receptors evoke |
Opposite to those produced by stumulation of AT1 receptors Vasodilation Anti proliferative effects Anti thrombotic effects |
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Angiotensin converting enzyme substrates |
Angiotensin I Brady kinin Enkephalins Substance P |
