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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Complicated process by which food is broken down nutrients released, prepared food for body use |
Digestion |
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What two actions does digestion occur |
Chemical and muscular |
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What protects the stomach lining from acid |
Mucus |
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Semiliquid after mixing bolus |
Chyme |
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Food is brown into smaller particles by biting and chewing |
Mastication |
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Regurgitation occurs and damaged the tissue of the esophagus |
Gerd |
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What stimulates the release of gastric secretions |
Nerve and hormonal |
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What gastric secretion is produced in response to the visual and chemical senses, the presence of food in the gi tract and emotion distress |
Nerve |
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What hormone is released for gastric secretions |
Gastrin stimulates hcl |
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What does bile do |
Emulsifies fat |
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What foods do lactose intolerant avoid |
Swiss cheese Cheddar cheese American cheese, cottage cheese, regular milk, white sauce, yogurt, ice cream, powdered milk |
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What are live mircoogranisms that results in a health benefit to the host when administrated in adequate amount |
Probiotics |
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How do probiotics work |
Acidify and preserve foods such as cultured milk and yogurt, cheese, distilled mash, pickled cabbages and temps. |
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What is the major function of glucose |
Immediate energy source for all body cells |
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Promotes lipid synthesis and storage, whereas glucagon has the opposite effect of breaking down lipid stores to release fatty acids |
Insulin |
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Stimulates release of free fatty acids and Lower blood cholesterol levels |
Thyroxine |
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Which sugar is the sweetest |
Fructose |
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What type of food is glucose in |
Fruit juices, can sugar, corn syrup |
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Where is fructose found |
Fruits and honey, soft drinks, baked products, dessert mixes |
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What is converted to glucose in the liver and intestine to serve as body fuel |
Fructose |
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What is sucrose |
Table sugar |
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Where is sucrose found |
Sugar cane, beets, molasses, fruits, veggies, peaches, carrots |
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What sugar occurs naturally in few foods and formed in the body as an intermediate product in starch digestion |
Maltose |
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Where is maltose found |
Malt products and germinating cereal grains |
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What hormone lowers blood sugar |
Insulin |
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Where is glucagon stored |
Liver and muscle |
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Where is the sublingual glands found |
Under the tongue |
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What does glucagon do |
Increase bs |
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Sum all the various biochemical and physiologic process by which the body grows and maintains itself, breaks down and reshapes tissue, and transform energy to do its work |
Metabolism |
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What organ metabolize glucose |
Liver |
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Amdr for carbs |
45 to 65 |
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Amdr for fat |
20 to 35 |
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Amdr for protein |
10 to 35 |
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What hormone breaks down of liver glycogen and quick release of glucose |
Epinephrine |
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What bacteria leads to peptic ulcers |
H. Pylori |
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What does lipase do |
Breaking fats down into fatty acids and glycerol |
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What enzymes are produce by the parotid gland |
Lingual lipase, amylase |
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What do low carb diets put a burden on which organ |
Kidney |
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Why do we eat fiber? |
Promotes regular bowel function, increase fecal mass, promotes growth of beneficial micro flora, binds bile acids, slow rise in blood glucose and insulin, weight management |
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What does fiber Lower |
Ldls, blood glucose, energy density |
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What does cellulose of food come from |
Veggies, stems, seeds, grains, bread, popcorn, banana, pears, baked bean s |
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What is total fiber made of |
Dietary and function fiber |
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What is microflora considered |
Dietary fiber |
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What carbs help main bs |
Glucagon and insulin |
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What are highly saturated fats |
Margaine, butter, beef fat |
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What lipoprotein slows atherosclerosis |
Hdls |
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Where does the major chemical digestion occur in lipids |
Small intestine |
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What Is the major function of protein |
Repair and build tissue |
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Examples of complete protein |
Eggs, milk, cheese, meat, poultry, fish |
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Long term effects of high protein diet |
Calcium balance, renal function |
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What is the function of vitamin A? |
Vision and also Integrity of body coverings and linings, cell division, differentiation, growth, immunity, reproductive function |
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What deficiency is caused by vitamin A |
Night blindness, xerophthalmia |
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What food had vitamin a |
Liver, milk, cheese, butter, egg yolk, fish, ready to eat cereals, cereal bars, green veggies, fruits, dark yellow, red, orange |
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Function vitamin d |
Ca and p absorption and bone formation |
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Deficiency of vitamin d |
Rickets, osteomalacia, Osteoporosis, |
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Food with vitamin d |
Eggs, fish, yeast, milk, oj |
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Function vitamin e |
Most potent antioxdant and reduce selenium requirement |
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Deficiency in vitamin e |
Hemolytic anemia |
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Vitamin e food sources |
Vegetable oils, peanut butter, nuts, veggies, fruits, tomatoes, spinach, sunflower, safflower, cAnola, corn, olive |
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Function of vitamin k |
Initiate liver synthesis for blood clotting |
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Vitamin k food |
Dark green vegatables and liver |
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Deficiency of vitamin k |
Slow blood clotting |
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Function vitamin c |
Antioxidants, cell metabolism, build and maintain body tissues |
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Vitamin c deficiency |
Easy bruising Hemorrhage’s Poor wound healing Bleeding gums Anemia |
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Vitamin c food |
Citrus fruits, tomatoes, broccoli, salad green, watermelon, cabbage, sweet potato |
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Deficiency vitamin b |
Beriberi |
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Function vitamin b |
Control energy metabolism and build tissue |
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Function vitamin b 12 |
Amino acid metabolism and formation of the heme portion of hemoglobin, form Myelin sheath |
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Deficiency vitamin b 12 |
Pernicious anemia, cognitive function, low gastric acid secretions |
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Food for b12 |
Lean meat, fish, poultry, milk, eggs, cheese |
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Reference values for use in planning and evaluating diets for healthy ppl |
Dri |
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Highest amount of a nutrient that can be consumed safely with no risk |
Tolerable upper intake level |
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Raised levels of Ketone bodies in the body tissue conditions of diabetes and low carb diet |
Ketosis |
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Example of plasma protein |
Albumin |
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Function of ca |
Bone formation, tooth formation, intake absorption excretion balance, bone blood balance, calcium phosphorus blood serum balance, blood clotting, nerv transmisssion, muscle contraction. And relaxation |
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Function of phosphorus |
Build bones and teeth, absorption of glucose and glyercol, transport of fatty acids, energy metabolism |
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Function zinc |
Immune function, dna and rna metabolism and protein synthesis |
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What does Fluoride do |
Accumulated in the calcified tissue and protects bones and teeth from mineral loss and protect against dental caries |
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Function of thiamin |
Control agent in energy metabolism |
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Deficiency of thiamin |
Neuropathy, wernicke korsakoff, depressed muscular function |
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Food in thiamin |
Pork beef organ meats |
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Function riboflavin |
General metabolism. |
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Deficiency riboflavin |
Cheilosis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis |
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Food riboflavin |
Milk Organ meats grains |
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Function niacin |
General metabolism |
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Deficiency niacin |
Pellagra weakness anorexia scaly dermatitis neuritis death |
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Food of niacin |
Mead dairy peanuts |
