Na Basic Care Ch 1

Front 1

Long-term care (LTC)

Back 1

24-hour skilled care for people who need a high level of care for ongoing conditions

Front 2

Terminal illness

Back 2

The illness will eventually cause death

Front 3

Chronic condition

Back 3

A condition that lasts a long time, even a lifetime

Front 4

Home Health Care

Back 4

Care that is provided in a person's home

Front 5

Adult Day services

Back 5

Are for people who need some help and supervision during certain hours but who do not live in the facility where care is provided

Front 6

Assisted Living

Back 6

Are for people who need some help with daily tasks but do not need 24-hour skilled care

Front 7

Outpatient Care

Back 7

Is usually given to people who have had treatments, procedures, or surgeries and need short-term skilled care.

Front 8

Rehabilitation

Back 8

Is care given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury.

Front 9

Hospice care

Back 9

Is given in facilities or homes for people who have about six months or less to live. Hospice workers give physical and emotional care and comfort until a person dies.

Front 10

Activities of daily living (ADLs)

Back 10

Also called personal care, these activities include bathing; skin, nail, and hair care; mouth care; and assistance with walking, eating and drinking, dressing, transferring, and elimination.

Front 11

Person centered care

Back 11

Emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care. Person centered care revolves around the residence and promotes his or her individual preferences, choices, dignity, and interest. Each person's background, culture, language, beliefs, and traditions are respected.

Front 12

Medicare

Back 12

Is a federal health insurance program that was established in 1965 for people aged 65 or older. It also covers people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities. Medicare has four parts. Part A helps pay for care in a hospital or Skilled Nursing Facility or for care from a home health agency or hospice. Part B helps pay for Doctor services and other medical services and equipment. Part C allows Private health insurance companies to provide Medicare benefits. Part D helps pay for medications prescribed for treatment. Medicare will only pay for care it determines to be medically necessary.

Front 13

Medicaid

Back 13

Is a medical assistance program for people who have a low income, as well as for people with disabilities. It is funded by both the federal government and each state. Eligibility is determined by income and special circumstances.

Front 14

Nursing assistant (NA)

Back 14

Nursing assistants are the eyes and ears of the healthcare team. Observing changes in a resident's condition and reporting them is a very important duty of the NA. Another duty of the NA is noting important information about the resident. A nursing assistant helps with all aspects of daily living. This includes transferring residents from a bed to a chair or wheelchair, elimination, bathing, dressing, feeding, mouth care, measuring vital signs (temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure), assisting with range of motion exercises and ambulation (walking), making and changing beds, keeping residents' living areas neat and clean, and caring for supplies and equipment.

Front 15

What tasks can a nursing assistant not do?

Back 15

Nursing assistants are not allowed to insert or remove tubes, give tube feedings, or change sterile dressings. And, unless they have completed an additional, specialized course for medications, nursing assistants are also prohibited from administering medication.

Front 16

Charting

Back 16

The act of noting or documenting important information about the resident. Always document care after it is performed. If it was not documented, it did not legally happen. Medical charts can be used in the court of law as evidence and must be precise.

Front 17

Care team

Back 17

A team of healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, social workers, therapists, dietitians, and specialists. The resident and resident's family are part of the team too. Everyone, including the resident, works closely together to meet health care goals involving the resident.

Front 18

Chain of command

Back 18

Describes the line of authority. The chain of command also protects employees and employers from liability.

Front 19

Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)

Back 19

A Licensed Practical Nurse or Licensed Vocational Nurse gives medications and treatments. An LPN or LVN Is a licensed professional who has completed one to two years of education and has passed a national licensure examination.

Front 20

Registered Nurse (RN)

Back 20

In a LTC facility, a RN coordinates, manages, and provides skilled nursing care. This includes giving medications and treatments prescribed by a doctor. A RN also assigns tasks and supervises daily care of residents by NAs. A registered nurse Is a licensed professional who has graduated from a 2 to 4 year Associate's or Bachelor's nursing program. They have passed a national licensure examination. Registered nurses they have additional academic degrees or education in specialty areas.

Front 21

Physician or doctor (MD Medical Doctor or DO Doctor of Osteopathy)

Back 21

A doctor diagnoses disease or disability and prescribes treatment. Doctors of graduated from four-year medical schools, which they attend after receiving bachelor's degrees. Many doctors also attend specialized training programs after medical school.

Front 22

Physical Therapist (PT or DPT)

Back 22

A physical therapist evaluates a person and develops a treatment plan. Goals are to increase movement, improve circulation, promote healing, reduce pain, prevent disability, and regain or maintain Mobility. A PT gives therapy in the form of heat, cold, massage, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and exercise to muscles, bones, and joints. A physical therapist has graduated from a 3 year doctoral degree program after receiving an undergraduate degree. PTs have to pass a national licensure examination before they can practice.

Front 23

Occupational therapist (OT)

Back 23

An occupational therapist helps residents learn to adapt to disabilities. An OT help train residents to perform activities of daily living. This often involves the use of equipment called assistive or adaptive devices. An OT evaluates the residents needs and plans a treatment program. OTs have earned a master's degree and must pass a national licensure examination before they can practice.

Front 24

Speech language pathologist (SLP)

Back 24

A speech language pathologist, or speech therapist, identifies communication disorders, addresses factors involved in recovery, and develops a plan of care to meet goals. An SLP also evaluates a person's ability to swallow food and drink. Speech language pathologist have earned a master's degree in speech-language pathology and are licensed or certified to work.

Front 25

Registered dietitian (RD or RDN)

Back 25

The registered dietitian evaluates a residence nutritional status and develops a treatment plan to improve health and manage illness. An RD Creates a diet to meet a resident's special needs. She will supervise the preparation and service of food and educate people about nutrition. Registered dietitians have completed a bachelor's degree. They must have completed postgraduate work. The states require that RDs be licensed or certified

Front 26

Medical social worker (MSW)

Back 26

A medical social worker determines residents needs and helps get them Support Services, such as counseling and financial assistance. An MSW may help residents obtain clothing and personal items If the family is not involved or does not visit often. Medical social worker may book appointments in transportation. MSWs have usually earned a master's degree in social work.

Front 27

Liability

Back 27

Means that someone could be held responsible for harming someone else.

Front 28

Care plan

Back 28

The care plan is individualized for each resident. It is developed to help achieve the goals of care. The care plan lists the tasks that team members must perform. It states how often these tests should be performed until they should be carried out.

Front 29

Scope of practice

Back 29

Defines the tasks that Healthcare Providers are legally allowed to do as permitted by state or federal law. It is important that NAs know which tasks are outside their scope of practice and not perform them.

Front 30

Policy

Back 30

A policy is a course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs. For example, a very basic policy is that Healthcare information must remain confidential.

Front 31

Procedure

Back 31

A procedure is a method, or way, of doing something. For example, a facility will have a procedure for reporting information about residents. The procedure explains what form to complete, when and how often to complete it, and to whom it is given.

Front 32

Professional

Back 32

Means having to do with work or a job.

Front 33

Personal

Back 33

Refers to life outside a job, such as family, friends, and home life.

Front 34

Professionalism

Back 34

Is behaving properly when on the job. It Includes dressing appropriately and speaking well. It also includes being on time, completing tasks, and reporting to the nurse. For an NA, professionalism is following the care plan, making careful observations, and Reporting accurately. Following policies and procedures is an important part of professionalism. Residents, co-workers, and supervisors respect employees who behave professionally.

Front 35

Ethics

Back 35

Are the knowledge of right and wrong.

Front 36

Laws

Back 36

Are rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and ensure order and safety.

Front 37

Omnibus budget reconciliation Act (OBRA)

Back 37

Was passed in 1987 in response to reports of poor care and abuse in long-term care facilities. Congress decided to set minimum standards of care, which included standardized training of nursing assistants. NAs must complete at least 75 hours of training and pass a competency evaluation before they can be employed. NAs must also attending regular in-service education (a minimum of 12 hours per year) to keep their skills updated. OBRA also requires that states keep a current list of nursing assistants in a state registry. OBRA sets guidelines for minimum staff requirements and specific services that long-term facilities must provide. The resident assessment requirements are another important part of OBRA. OBRA requires that complete assessments be done at every resident. OBRA also identifies important rights for residents in long-term care facilities.

Front 38

List residents rights

Back 38

1. Quality of life

2. Services and activities to maintain a high level of Wellness

3. The right to be fully informed about rights and services.

4. The right to participate in their own care

5. The right to make independent choices

6. The right to privacy and confidentiality

7. The right to dignity, respect, and freedom.

8. The right to security of possessions

9. Rights during transfers and discharges

10. The right to complain

11. The right to visits

12. Rights with regards to social services

Front 39

Abuse

Back 39

Is purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone there are many forms of abuse, including the following: physical abuse, psychological abuse, verbal abuse, sexual abuse, Financial abuse, assault, battery, domestic violence, false imprisonment, involuntary seclusion, workplace violence, sexual harassment, and substance abuse.

Front 40

Neglect

Back 40

Is the failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person. Neglect can be put into two categories: active neglect and passive neglect. Active neglect is the purposeful failure to provide needed care. Passive neglect is the unintentional failure to provide needed care. The caregiver may not know how to properly care for the resident, or may not understand the residents needs.

Front 41

Negligence

Back 41

Means actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care for a resident, resulting in unintended injury. An example of negligence is a nursing assistant forgetting to lock a resident's wheelchair before transferring her. The resident falls and is injured.

Front 42

Malpractice

Back 42

Occurs when a person is injured due to professional misconduct or negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill.

Front 43

Ombudsman

Back 43

Is assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents. The Older Americans Act (OAA) is a federal law that requires all states to have in a ombudsman program.

Front 44

Confidentialty

Back 44

To respect confidentiality means to keep private things private. Nursing assistants will learn confidential information about residents. They may learn about a resident's Health, finances, and relationships. Ethically and legally, they must protect this information. NAs should not share information about residents with anyone other than the care team.

Front 45

Health insurance portability and accountability act (HIPAA)

Back 45

Congress passed the health insurance portability and accountability act in 1996. One reason this song was past is to help keep health information private and secure. All Healthcare organizations must take special steps to protect health information. Their employees can be fined and/or imprisoned if they do not follow rules to protect patient privacy.

Front 46

Protected health information (PHI)

Back 46

Is information that can be used to identify a person and relates to the person's condition, any health care that the person has had, and payment for that Health Care. Examples of PHI include a person's name, address, telephone number, Social Security number, Email address, and medical record number. Only people who must have information to provide care or to process records should know a person's Private health information. Do not talk about residents in public. Use confidential rooms for reports to other care team members. Make sure nobody can see protected Health or personal information on your computer screen while you are working. Logout and exit the browser when finished with any computer work. Do not give confidential information in emails. Do not share resident information, photos, or videos on any social networking site. Make sure fax numbers are correct before faxing information. Use a cover sheet with a confidentiality statement. Do not leave documents for others can see them. All healthcare workers must follow HIPAA regulations no matter where they are or what they're doing. There are serious penalties for violating These rules, including the following: fines ranging from $100 to $1.5 million and prison sentences of up to 10 years.

Front 47

Explain legal aspects of the residents medical record

Back 47

The residents medical record or chart is a legal document. What is documented in the chart is considered in court to be what actually happened. In general, if something does not appear in a resident's chart, It did not legally happen.

Front 48

Explain the guidelines for careful documentation.

Back 48

Documentation gives an up-to-date record of the status and care of each resident. Document care immediately after it is given. This makes details easier to remember. Do not record any care before it has been done. Use Black Ink when documenting by hand. Write as neatly as you can. Use facts, not opinions. If you make a mistake, draw one line through it. Write the correct information. Put your initials on the date. Do not erase what you have written. Do not use correction fluid. Documentation done on a computer is time-stamped. It can only be changed by entering another notation. Sign your full name and title. Write the correct date.

Front 49

Minimum Data Set (MDS)

Back 49

The federal government developed a resident assessment system in 1990 and has revised it periodically. The minimum data set is a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents. It also lists what to do if resident problems are identified. Nurses must complete the MDS for each resident within 14 days of admission and again each year. In addition, the MDS must be reviewed every 3 months. A new MDS must be done when there is any major change in the resident's condition. Nursing assistants contribute to the MDS by reporting changes in residents promptly and documenting accurately.

Front 50

Incident

Back 50

An incident is an accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care. A mistake in care, such as feeding a resident from the wrong meal tray, Is it incident. A resident fall or injury is another type of incident. Accusations made by residents against staff, as well as employee injuries, are other types of incidents. State and federal guidelines require that incidents be recorded in an incident report. An incident report is a report that documents the incident and the response to it.