Na Basic Care Ch 3

Front 1

Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Back 1

Abraham Maslow was a researcher of human behavior. He wrote about human physical and psychosocial needs and arranged these needs by order of importance. He thought that physical needs must be met before psychosocial needs can be met. These needs include: Need for self-actualization (The need to learn, create, and realize one's own potential), need for self-esteem (Achievement, belief in one's own worth and value), Need for Love (Feeling loved and accepted), Safety and Security needs (shelter, clothing, protection from harm, and stability), physical needs (oxygen, water, food, elimination, and rest).

Front 2

Sexual Needs

Back 2

The ability to engage in sexual activity, such as intercourse and masturbation, continues unless disease or injury occurs to prevent it. Residents have the right to choose how they express their sexuality.

Front 3

Explain the guidelines for respecting sexual needs

Back 3

Honor do not disturb signs. Always knock before entering. Provide privacy. Respect residents' sexual orientation and gender identity.

Front 4

Sexual Abuse

Back 4

Residents must be protected from unwanted sexual advances. If an NA sees sexual abuse happening, s/he should remove the resident from the situation and take the resident to a safe place. The NA should then report to the nurse immediately.

Front 5

Explain the guidelines for respecting a resident's spiritual needs.

Back 5

- Learn about resident's religions or beliefs.

- If residents are religious, encourage participation in religious services.

- Respect residents' decisions to participate in, or refrain from, food-related rituals.

- Respect all religious items.

- Report to the nurse (or social worker) if a resident expresses the desire to see clergy.

- Allow privacy for clergy visits.

Front 6

Holistic care

Back 6

Holistic means considering a whole system, such as a whole person, rather than dividing the system into parts. Holistic care means caring for the whole person -- the mind as well as the body. An example of holistic care is taking time to talk with residents while helping them bathe. The NA is meeting the physical need with the bath while meeting the psychosocial need for interaction with others at the same time.

Front 7

Explain why promoting Independence and self care is important.

Back 7

Any big change in lifestyle, such as moving into a long-term care facility, requires a huge emotional adjustment. Residents may be experiencing fear, lost, and uncertainty, along with their decline in health and Independence. Other common reactions to illness are denial, withdrawal, anger, and depression. It is important for NAs to be supportive and encouraging. NAs should be patient, understanding, and empathetic. NAs should encourage residents to do as much as possible for themselves. NAs must be patient and encourage self care, regardless of how long it takes or how well residents are able to do it.

Front 8

Cultural diversity

Back 8

Refers to different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences living together in the world.

Front 9

Describe the need for activity.

Back 9

Activity is an essential part of a person's life. It improves and maintains physical and mental health. Meaningful activities help promote Independence, memory, self-esteem, and quality of life. In addition, physical activity can help manage illnesses. Inactivity and immobility can result in physical and mental problems such as the following: Loss of self-esteem, anxiety, depression, boredom, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, skin breakdown and pressure injuries, constipation, blood clots, and dulling of the senses.

Front 10

Describe family roles and their significance in healthcare.

Back 10

Whatever kinds of families residents have, they have an important role to play. Family members help in many ways: Helping residents make care decisions; communicating with the care team; giving support and encouragement; connecting the resident to the outside world; offering assurance to dying residents that family memories and traditions will be valued and carried on. NAs should be respectful to friends and family members and allow privacy for visits. After any visitor leaves, the NA should observe the effect the visit had on the resident. Any noticeable effects should be reported to the nurse.

Front 11

List the stages of human growth and development.

Back 11

Infancy (Birth to 12 Months)

Toddler (Ages 1 to 3)

Preschool (Ages 3 to 5)

School-Age (Ages 5 to 10) Pre-Adolescence (Ages 10 to 13)

Adolescence (Ages 13 to 19)

Young Adulthood (Ages 19 to 40)

Middle Adulthood (Ages 40 to 65)

Late Adulthood (65 years and older)

Front 12

Infancy (Birth to 12 Months)

Back 12

In one year, a baby moves from total dependence to the relative independence of moving around, communicating basic needs, and feeding herself. Physical development in infancy moves from the head down.

Front 13

Toddler (Ages 1 to 3)

Back 13

toddlers learn to speak, gain coordination of their limbs, and learn to control their bladders and bowels.

Front 14

Preschool (Ages 3 to 5)

Back 14

Children in their preschool years develop skills that help them become more independent and have social relationships. They learn new words and language skills. They learn to play in groups. They become more physically coordinated and learn to care for themselves. Preschoolers also develop ways of relating to family members. They begin to learn from right and wrong.

Front 15

School-Age (Ages 5 to 10)

Back 15

children's development between the ages of 5 and 10 Is centered on cognitive and Social Development. They began to develop a conscience, morals, and self-esteem.

Front 16

Pre-Adolescence (Ages 10 to 13)

Back 16

pre-adolescents tend to be very social and are often easy to get along with and able to handle more responsibility at home and school. Girls may reach puberty in the later years of the stage.

Front 17

Adolescence (Ages 13 to 19)

Back 17

During adolescence, gingers become sexually mature. Boys, usually reach puberty during this stage. If girls did not reach puberty during the previous stage, it will start here. Many teenagers have a hard time adapting to the changes that occur in their bodies during puberty. Peer acceptance is important to them. Adolescence may be afraid that they are unattractive. This concern for body image and acceptance, combined with changing hormones that influence moods, can cause rapid mood swings.

Front 18

Young Adulthood (Ages 19 to 40)

Back 18

Physical growth has usually been completed by this time. Adopting a healthy lifestyle in this year's can make life better now and prevent health problems in later adulthood. Psychological and social development continues, however. The tasks of these years include the following: selecting an appropriate education, occupation or career, an appropriate mate, learning to live with a mate or others, raising children, and developing a satisfying sex life.

Front 19

Middle Adulthood (Ages 40 to 65)

Back 19

In general, people in middle adulthood are more comfortable and stable. Many of their major life decisions have already been made. Physical changes related to aging occur. Adults in this age group may notice they have difficulty maintaining their weight and notice a decrease in strength and energy. Metabolism and other body functions slow down and wrinkles and gray hair repair. Many diseases and illnesses can develop in these years. These disorders can become chronic and life-threatening.

Front 20

Late Adulthood (65 years and older)

Back 20

Persons in late adulthood must adjust to the effects of aging. These changes can include the loss of strength and health, the death of loved ones, retirement, and preparation of their own death. The developmental tasks of this age group seem to deal entirely with loss.

Front 21

Ageism

Back 21

Prejudiced toward, stereotyping of, And / or discrimination against older persons or the elderly.

Front 22

List the normal changes of Aging

Back 22

- Skin is thinner, dryer, more fragile, and less elastic.

- Muscles weaken and lose tone.

- Bones lose density and become more brittle.

- Sensitivity of the nerve endings in the skin decreases.

- Responses and reflexes slow.

- Short-term memory loss occurs.

Front 23

The following are not normal changes of Aging.

Back 23

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Front 24

Developmental Disabilities

Back 24

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Front 25

Mental health disorders

Back 25

A mental health disorder is like any physical disorder. It is a condition that produces signs and symptoms and effects the body's ability to function. A mental health disorder disrupts a person's ability to function in the family, home, or community. It often causes inappropriate behavior. Some signs and symptoms of a mental health disorder are confusion, disorientation, agitation, and anxiety. People who have a mental health disorder cannot simply choose to be well. They may not be able to control their emotions.

Front 26

Guidelines for mental health disorders

Back 26

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Front 27

Observing and Reporting mental health disorders

Back 27

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Front 28

List the five stages of grief

Back 28

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Front 29

Advance directives

Back 29

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Front 30

Living will

Back 30

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Front 31

Durable power of attorney for health care

Back 31

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Front 32

DNR

Back 32

Do Not Resuscitate Order

Front 33

Guidelines for caring for the dying resident

Back 33

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Front 34

Legal rights of the dying resident page 74

Back 34

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Front 35

Common signs of approaching death

Back 35

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Front 36

Guidelines for post-mortem care

Back 36

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Front 37

Define the goals of a hospice program.

Back 37

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