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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is cell division also known as? |
Mitosis |
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Define mitosis |
The process of cellular division to produce two daughter cells. |
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What are chromosomes? |
Thread like structures found in the nucleus which contain genetic material. |
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What is the chromosome complement? |
When the chromosome number is maintained during mitosis. E.g the original cell and the daughter cells have the same number of cells. I.e. 46 in human cells. |
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Why do we need to have chromosome complement? |
To ensure that the cells function properly. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 1 - Just before cell division the chromosomes begin to appear as threadlike structures. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 2 - The chromosomes (now Chromatids) now appear as double threads joined at the Centromere. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 3 - Pairs of chromatids line up along the equator of the cell. Spindle fibres attach themselves to the centromere. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 4- The chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 5 - Two new nuclei are formed. The cytoplasm begins to divide. |
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name the stage and describe |
Stage 6 - The cytoplasm divides to form two new cells. |
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What is cell culture? |
Using the process of mitosis to grow cells in an artificial environment (in a lab) |
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List 4 requirements for cell culturing |
–A suitable growing medium –Availability of oxygen –A suitable temperature –A suitable pH |
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What is aseptic techniques? |
involves maintaining a sterile environment when culturing cells in a lab. This encourages mitosis. |
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Give examples of aseptic techniques |
wear protective clothing, tie hair up, disinfect the work surface, wash hand, cover cuts, use an autoclave, use sterile equipment, flame |
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Why do scientist use fermenters? |
To culture cells in large batches (usually bacteria and yeast for use in industries) |
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What are chromosomes made up of? |
Two chromotids joined at the centromere. |
