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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neisseria meningitidis |
a cause of meningitis |
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Meningitis |
inflammation of the meninges |
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what is meningitis usually caused by? |
micro-organisms infecting the cerebral spinal fluid |
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meninges |
coverings of the brain and spinal chord; to protect and enclose |
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neisseria meningitidis morphology |
gram negative diplococcus, has a capsule |
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bacterial serotype |
subtypes |
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how many total serotypes are there for neisseria meningitidis? how many and which ones are responsible for most epidemics? |
12. 4; A,B,C, and W-135 |
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which serotypes are most common in the Americas and Africa |
Africa- serotype A Americas- serotype B |
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neisseria meningitidis only affects.. |
humans |
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neisseria meningitidis pathogenecity transmission and range |
droplet transimission; cough, sneezes, saliva range: 1m |
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neisseria meningitidis pathogenecity invades? |
mucosal membranes and bloodstream |
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neisseria meningitidis pathogenecity how does it cause inflammation? |
contains "endotoxin" in cell wall called LOS- lypo oligopolysaccharide |
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neisseria meningitidis pathogenecity what does LOS do? |
endotoxin that activates blood clotting, leads to DIC (dissemenated intravascular coagulation), hemorrhage/ splotches and shock |
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how does neisseira meningitidis survive? |
evades phagocytosis (being eaten) by white blood cells due to presence of capsule |
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what is neissaria meningitidis soemtimes called? |
meningococcus (pl. meningicocci) |
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meningococcal meningitis |
inflammation/ infection of the meninges |
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meningococcal meningitis if untreated |
death; pressure to brain and influx of inflammatory cells(white blood cells) to cerebral spinal fluid |
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meningococcal meningitis if treated |
if treated early, good prognosis |
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meningococcal meningitis symptoms |
headache, stiff neck, nausea, sore throat, coma, petichiae (splotches) photosensitivity |
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meningococcal sepsis |
replication of bacteria in the bloodstream dissemminated infection, can occur quickly |
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meningococcal sepsis morhoplogy |
gram negative sepsis |
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meningococcal sepsis results; how long for death? |
1. may need amputation 2. death if untreated , or if treated too late; death in 4 hrs |
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meningococcal sepsis symptoms |
fever, purpura/petichiae, shock, hemorrhage, DIC, internal organ meltdown |
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Vaccines: Polysaccharide |
- antibodies will be made to capsule - effective against 4 types (A,C,Y,W-135) - 90% protection for 5 yrs - not for pediatric patients, less than 2yrs old |
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Vaccines: Conjugated |
polysaccharide combined with a protein good for kids under 2 yrs and immunosuppressed people |
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Vaccines: Type B |
Based on proteins in cell wall not the capsule 50-605 effective |
