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3 Cards in this Set
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2 reasons for tensions within korea |
1) Post war occupation of korea ( partition of korea ) - background of korea ( jpn control from 1910 - 1945 ) - splitting of korea ( north n south , along 38th parallel . potsdam conference ) -1946-1947 , failed to agree on how to unify korea - May 1948 , UN held elections in the area south if 38th parallel to set up a unified govt . ( korean communists boycotted it ) - Soviet disallow elections but allow NK to set up the democratic peoples republic of NK , with kim II sung . - result in democratic vs communist govt 2) attempts by N and S korean leader to reunify korea . - talk about the 2 rulers ( Rhee and kim ) - what they did and what they believe ( kim made trips to USSR a few times to convince stalin to help rebuild NK m invade SK ) - compare the amt of aid USA and USSR gave to NK and SK -outcome - heightened hostility and tensions in korea -link - the desire to reunify korea reduced the chance of peaceful reunification n increased tensions and likelihood of war |
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why korea was embroiled in the cold war rivalry |
1) significance of korea to USSR and the communist bloc -communist bloc wnt to expand n strengthen its sphere of influence , esp in asia . - As china is the only east ally , korea impt to comm bloc , ( close to ussr china n other countries ) - good platform to spread communism , counterbalance US precense in jpn - strategic significance of korea ,set stage for possible conflicts with usa over korea 2) Soviet success in atomic bomb - 1949 , soviet explode atomic bomb !!!!!!!!!!!!!! - atomic parity , more confidence - nuclear arms race , competing for superiority in the development of nuclear weapons ( worsen cold war tensions ) - outcome 1 : stalins willingness to aid NK to unify korea - outcome 2 : instrumental role in kims decision to invade SK
3)Rise of communist china and its impact. -1949 , chinese communist party won the civil war and china declared a communist - thus , become a KEY soviet ally . - keen to help NK ( it can act as a buffer zone n counterbalance US precense in jpn ) - china and Nk - mutual defence agreement 1949 - FEB 1950 , SINO SOVIET TREATY OF FRIRNDSHIP , ALLIANCE AND MUTUAL ASSISTANCE . - outcome 1 : made stalin more willing to help NK - outcome 2 : since the communist bloc strengthened , it posed a threat to USA and SK , making usa more inclined to take action - link : stalin more supportive of nk invading sk ( causing korean war ) -
4)Impact of developments of USA -increased pressure to do more to curb the spread of communism ( aft soviet atomic bomb n china communist victory ) -McCarthyism , ( which raised fear and suspicion of communist infiltration in US govt ) increased the fear towards communism -April 1950, national security council prepared a report NSC-68 , concluding that the soviet union was hostile towards the USA and stressed the urgent need for action . -outcome : Us involvement in korean war , pulling korea into cold war rivalry 5)military and strategic imbalance between NK and SK - NK ( more well trained and equipped ) - supported by china and USSR ( in military and economic resources ) - contrast to SK , less well trained ( light weapons from usa ) - outcome : SK was an easy target and vulnerable , ( NK had a huge edge over SK ) - Link : due to the different level of support given by their respective allies , NK was further motivated to invade SK and unify korea under communist rule . ( leading to korean war ) |
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events leading to cold war |
1) withdrawl of us and soviet troops from korea - kim ii sung request ( frm 1947 ) for ussr n usa to **** off . - ussr withdraw frm 1948 ( leaving behind stronk NKPA ) - USA left june 1949 ( leaving a few hundred ppl ) - no intention to be heavily involved in korean affairs link : its a civil war !! 2) limited support from usa and ussr frm 1948-early 1950 -aft soviet withdrawl kim keep asking for support frm stalin to invade sk -stalin initally reluctant , BUT , after the soviet atomic bomb, communist victory in china , sino soviet alliance , USA defensive perimeter , made stalin change his mind by early 1950 - prov soviet advisers and equipment , n trained NKPA ( aft fighing civil war , became strong and formiddable force ) -in contrast , usa focused on rebuilding japan - the change in stalins attitude to helping kim and thn support from china ussr put nkpa in good stead for military campaign against sk . link : paved the way for eventual invasion of SK 3) border clashes between NK and SK - common in 1949-1950 ( initiated by SK to seize territory ) - eg. attack by sk warships on NK military installations provoked NKPA -affects USA goodwill towards SK , making USA more reluctant to send heavy weapons -the ineffectiveness of SK forces convince NK that the invasion of SK wld be np . set the stage for invasion of SK in june 195p |
