Histology- Urinary System

Front 1

Urinary system consists of the ______ where filtration takes place, and a number of _______ passages that convey filtered urine from the kidney to outside.

Back 1

1. kidneys
2. Urinary

Front 2

kidney is bean shaped covered by _____ , on medial side indentation called the _____ through which the _____ artery enters and _____ vein and ureter exit..

Back 2

1. capsule
2. hilum
3. renal

Front 3

outer zone is called?
inner zone is called?

Back 3

1.cortex
2. medulla

Front 4

the medulla is made up of about 8-18 pyramidal structures called renal or _______ pyramids.

Back 4

Medullary

Front 5

cortical material extends between medullary pyramids to constitute the ____ or _____ columns

Back 5

cortical
renal

Front 6

these renal coulmns contain the ______ vessels and long ____ _ _____.

Back 6

interlobar

loops of henle

Front 7

medullary substances from base of pyramids extend into cortex as medullary rays, which contain the straight _____ ______, short ______ _ ______.

Back 7

1. collecting tubules
2. loops of henle

Front 8

Papillae of pyramids fit into cup-shaped structures called _____ ______, which unite to form major calyces

Back 8

minor calyces

Front 9

major calyces unite to form a conical structure called the ____ pelvis, which tapers into a long tube, the ______.

Back 9

1.renal
2. ureter

Front 10

Parenchyma of kidney is known as the?

Back 10

convoluted uriniferous tubule.

Front 11

the convoluted uriniferous tubule is made of two parts? what are they?

Back 11

1. Nephron
2. Collecting tubules

Front 12

Nephron--- this is the part in which urine forms, its compnents are?

Back 12

1. Renal corpuscle
2. Proximal convoluted tubule
3. Loop of Henle
4. distal convoluted tubule

Front 13

Collecing tubule---- these convey urine to urinary passages. They include

Back 13

1. arched collecting tubules
2. straight collecting tubules
3. terminal collecting ducts (of bellini)- these open into renal papilae

Front 14

Renal Corpuscle

Back 14

spherical structure made up of a tuft of capillaries.

Front 15

these tuft of capillaries are called the_______ invaginating a capsule of epithelial cells called_________ capsule

Back 15

glomerulus

bowman's

Front 16

Glomerulus is a type II capillaries, they are supplied by an ______ glomerular arteriole and drained by _____ glomerular arteriole.

Back 16

1. afferent
2. efferent

Front 17

Bowmans capsule made up of simp squam cells in form of outer _____ and inner _____ layers.

Back 17

1. parietal
2. visceral

Front 18

The three layers that constitute the Filtration barrier are?

Back 18

1. capillary endothelium of glomeruli
2. visceral epithelium of Bowmans capsule
3. their fused basement membranes in between them

Front 19

afferent arteriole shows modification in its wall, where it loses elastic lamina and smooth muscle becomes short, these modified cells are called the ___________, they secrete ______.

Back 19

1. juxta glomerular cells
2. renin

Front 20

the granules in these cells represent a secretory product of these cells called?

Back 20

Renin

Front 21

renin is discharged into the blood in response _______ ____ _______ _______.

Back 21

to a drop in glomerular blood pressure

Front 22

It activates substance in blood called?

Back 22

angiotensinogen

Front 23

angiotensin I turns into angiotensin II, a strong vasoconstrictor that elevates ?

Back 23

glomerular pressure

Front 24

Proximal convoluted tubule is a very long twisted tubule that is attached to ?

Back 24

bowmans capsule

Front 25

Prox convoluted tubule--- tubule appears rounded w/ moderate lumen lined with few cuboidal cells, How many??

Back 25

3-5

Front 26

these cells have may microvilli, Most of the fluid of the glomerular filtrate (about ____% is _______ here?

Back 26

1. 85
2. reabsorbed

Front 27

Loop of henle is in the form of a __ shaped with a descending limb and an ascending limb.

Back 27

U

Front 28

Distal convoluted tubule appear oval w/ wide lumen lined by cuboidal cells... how many?

Back 28

5-8

Front 29

Distal convoluted tubule--
More fluid is absorbed here and is UNDER THE CONTROL of the _________ hormone of the pituitary gland.

Back 29

antidiuretic

Front 30

at junction w/ ascending limb of Henle's loop, distal convoluted tubule is close relation to afferent glomerular cell, these cells are called ______

Back 30

macula densa cells

Front 31

Functional role of Distal convoluted tubule is not clear, believed cells may be sensitive to _________

Back 31

sodium ion concentration

Front 32

Distal convoluted cont--cells occupying other space between afferent and efferent glomerular and constitute what is known as ?

Back 32

extraglomerular mesangial cells
(lacis, polar cushion, or pollkissin cells)

Front 33

Distal convoluted cont-- extraglomerular mesangial cells are similar cells which exist in intercapillary space between glomerular capillaries known as?

Back 33

intraglomerular mesangial cells

Front 34

Kidney collecting tubeles-
Termial collecting ducts receive ______ from collecting tubules.

Back 34

urine

Front 35

Terminal collecting ducts Open into the ___ ______

Back 35

renal papilae

Front 36

Urinary passages include minor and major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra

Back 36

---

Front 37

Minor and major calyces and renal pelvis all have?

Back 37

the same structureof their walls

Front 38

Mucosa surface epithelium is

Back 38

transitional

Front 39

ureter has basically the same structure as the calyces and pelvis, surface epithelium is?

Back 39

transitional, but is thicker due to a thicker musculosa.

Front 40

Urinary bladder has a wide _____ and thick wall, made up of mucosa, musculosa, adventitia

Back 40

lumen

Front 41

Muscusa has ______ surface epithelium w/ a wide zone of lamina propria.

Back 41

transitional

Front 42

urethra- is a tube connecting the _________ to the outside, longer in males than in females.

Back 42

urinary bladder

Front 43

Male urethra is long and made up of three parts, name them.

Back 43

1.Prostatic urethra
2. Membranous urethra
3. Penile urethra

Front 44

Prostatic urethra is lined by _____ epithelium

Back 44

transitional

Front 45

membranous between prostate and penis, it is lined by _________ epithelium

Back 45

pseudostratified

Front 46

Penile urethra runs into penis and is lined by _________ epithelium.

Back 46

stratified columnar

Front 47

Penile urethra terminal part, the _____ _____, the epithelium becomes ______ _____

Back 47

1. fossa navicularis
2. stratified squamos

Front 48

Eputhelial lining sends tubular invaginations, forming mucus secreting glands called urethral glands or ?

Back 48

glands of litre

Front 49

Female urethra- Mucosa is in the ______ portion, it is lined with _______ epithelium, but is mostly lined with ____ ______

Back 49

1.proximal
2. transitional
3. strat squamos

Front 50

mucous membrane of femal urethra lubricated by glands around lower end of urethra in the area of the vestibule, called _______ _______ _____.

Back 50

minor vestibular glands